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| elizabethan poor laws in america: From Poor Law to Welfare State, 6th Edition Walter I. Trattner, 2007-11-01 Over twenty-five years and through five editions, Walter I. Trattner's From Poor Law to Welfare State has served as the standard text on the history of welfare policy in the United States. The only comprehensive account of American social welfare history from the colonial era to the present, the new sixth edition has been updated to include the latest developments in our society as well as trends in social welfare. Trattner provides in-depth examination of developments in child welfare, public health, and the evolution of social work as a profession, showing how all these changes affected the treatment of the poor and needy in America. He explores the impact of public policies on social workers and other helping professions -- all against the backdrop of social and intellectual trends in American history. From Poor Law to Welfare State directly addresses racism and sexism and pays special attention to the worsening problems of child abuse, neglect, and homelessness. Topics new to this sixth edition include: A review of President Clinton's health-care reform and its failure, and his efforts to end welfare as we know it Recent developments in child welfare including an expanded section on the voluntary use of children's institutions by parents in the nineteenth century, and the continued discrimination against black youth in the juvenile justice system An in-depth discussion of Charles Murray and Richard Herrnstein's controversial book, The Bell Curve, which provided social conservatives new weapons in their war on the black poor and social welfare in general The latest information on AIDS and the reappearance of tuberculosis -- and their impact on public health policy A new Preface and Conclusion, and substantially updated Bibliographies Written for students in social work and other human service professions, From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America is also an essential resource for historians, political scientists, sociologists, and policymakers. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Solidarities of Strangers Lynn Hollen Lees, 1998-01-28 A study of English policies toward the poor from the 1600s to the present, showing how clients and officials negotiated welfare settlements. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: How Welfare Worked in the Early United States Gabriel J. Loiacono, 2021-04-15 What was American welfare like in George Washington's day? It was expensive, extensive, and run by local governments. Known as poor relief, it included what we would now call welfare and social work. Unlike other aspects of government, poor relief remained consistent in structure between the establishment of the British colonies in the 1600s and the New Deal of the 1930s. In this book, Gabriel J. Loiacono follows the lives of five people in Rhode Island between the Revolutionary War and 1850: a long-serving overseer of the poor, a Continental Army veteran who was repeatedly banished from town, a nurse who was paid by the government to care for the poor, an unwed mother who cared for the elderly, and a paralyzed young man who attempted to become a Christian missionary from inside of a poorhouse. Of Native, African, and English descent, these five Rhode Islanders utilized poor relief in various ways. Tracing their involvement with these programs, Loiacono explains the importance of welfare through the first few generations of United States history. In Washington's day, poor relief was both generous and controlling. Two centuries ago, Americans paid for--and many relied on--an astonishing governmental system that provided food, housing, and medical care to those in need. This poor relief system also shaped American households and dictated where Americans could live and work. Recent generations have assumed that welfare is a new development in the United States. This book shows how old welfare is in the United States of America through five little-known, but compelling, life stories. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Poor Relief Laws American Public Welfare Association, 1934 |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Emergence of Social Security in Canada Dennis T. Guest, 2013-12-01 The Emergence of Social Security in Canada has become a standard text in social work and related courses in post-secondary institutions across Canada. It is the first and most detailed history of Canadian social security from colonial times to the present. This book analyzes the major influences shaping the Canadian welfare state. A central trend in Canadian social security over most of the twentieth century has been a shift from a “residual” to an “institutional” concept. The residual approach, which dominated until the Second World War, posited that the causes of poverty and joblessness were to be found within individuals and were best remedied by personal initiative and reliance on the private market. However, the dramatic changes brought about by the Great Depression and the Second World War resulted in the rise of an institutional approach to social security. Poverty and joblessness began to be viewed as the results of systemic failure, and the public began to demand that governments take action to establish front-rank institutions guaranteeing a level of protection against the common risks to livelihood. Thus, the foundations of the Canadian welfare state were established. The Emergence of Social Security in Canada is both an important historical resource and an engrossing tale in its own right, and it will be of great interest to anyone concerned about Canadian social policy. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Poor Law to Poverty Program Samuel Mencher, 2010-11-23 The welfare state is a pervasive and controversial aspect of contemporary society. Samuel Mencher provides a historical and philosophical background on the growth of welfare policy through its sources, concepts, and specific programs. He covers a period from the English Poor Law of the sixteenth century through contemporary times-viewing changing attitudes toward poverty, new concepts on the nature of man and the influence of scientific thought-and also discusses mercantilism, laissez-faire, utilitarianism, liberalism, socialism, romanticism, social Darwinism, and modern capitalism as major influences on the growth of economic security policy. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Poverty in America John Iceland, 2006-02-06 In a remarkably concise, readable, and accessible format, John Iceland provides a comprehensive picture of poverty in America, He shows how poverty is measured and understood and how it has changed over time, as well as how public policies have grappled with poverty as a political issue and an economic reality. This edition has been updated and includes a new preface. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Poor Law Thomas Welbank Fowle, 1898 |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: A History of American Law, Revised Edition Lawrence M. Friedman, 2010-06-15 A History of American Law has become a classic for students of law, American history and sociology across the country. In this brilliant and immensely readable book, Lawrence M. Friedman tells the whole fascinating story of American law from its beginnings in the colonies to the present day. By showing how close the life of the law is to the economic and political life of the country, he makes a complex subject understandable and engrossing. A History of American Law presents the achievements and failures of the American legal system in the context of America's commercial and working world, family practices and attitudes toward property, slavery, government, crime and justice. Now Professor Friedman has completely revised and enlarged his landmark work, incorporating a great deal of new material. The book contains newly expanded notes, a bibliography and a bibliographical essay. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Transformation of Old Age Security Jill Quadagno, 1988-02-18 Why did the United States lag behind Germany, Britain, and Sweden in adopting a national plan for the elderly? When the Social Security Act was finally enacted in 1935, why did it depend on a class-based double standard? Why is old age welfare in the United States still less comprehensive than its European counterparts? In this sophisticated analytical chronicle of one hundred years of American welfare history, Jill Quadagno explores the curious birth of old age assistance in the United States. Grounded in historical research and informed by social science theory, the study reveals how public assistance grew from colonial-era poor laws, locally financed and administered, into a massive federal bureaucracy. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: America's Poor and the Great Recession Kristin Seefeldt, John D. Graham, Gordon Abner, 2013-01-29 Millions have entered poverty as a result of the Great Recession's terrible toll of long-term unemployment. Kristin S. Seefeldt and John D. Graham examine recent trends in poverty and assess the performance of America's safety net programs. They consider likely scenarios for future developments and conclude that the well-being of low-income Americans, particularly the working poor, the near poor, and the new poor, is at substantial risk despite economic recovery. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Encyclopedia of Social Welfare History in North America John M. Herrick, Paul H. Stuart, 2005 This encyclopedia provides readers with basic information about the history of social welfare in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The intent of the encyclopedia is to provide readers with information about how these three nations have dealt with social welfare issues, some similar across borders, others unique, as well as to describe important events, developments, and the lives and work of some key contributors to social welfare developments. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: An Analysis of the Development and Rationales of the United States Income Security System, 1776-1980 Michael S. March, 1981 |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Poverty in America Catherine Reef, 2007 Presents an overview of the history of poverty in America and includes excerpts from primary source documents, short biographies of influential people, and more. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Poor America Samuel James Eldersveld, 2007-01-01 Poor America describes the sharp contrast in the extent of poverty between the United States and six Western European countries. Samuel J. Eldersveld seeks to discover why America struggles more with this social issue by exploring the history of the countries and various theories. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Disentitlement? Timothy S. Jost, 2003 This book is about health care entitlements in the US-and about the threat of disentitlement. It describes the history and legal character of our Medicare and Medicaid programs, and of the tax subsidies that have brought health insurance to most working Americans. It examines the thread that our entitlements face from privatization, individualism, and devolution. It considers the models that other countries have developed for health care entitlements and what we can learn from them. The book concludes by proposing a redesigned entitlement-based health care system for the future. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Social History of the American Family Marilyn J. Coleman, Lawrence H. Ganong, 2014-09-02 The American family has come a long way from the days of the idealized family portrayed in iconic television shows of the 1950s and 1960s. The four volumes of The Social History of the American Family explore the vital role of the family as the fundamental social unit across the span of American history. Experiences of family life shape so much of an individual’s development and identity, yet the patterns of family structure, family life, and family transition vary across time, space, and socioeconomic contexts. Both the definition of who or what counts as family and representations of the “ideal” family have changed over time to reflect changing mores, changing living standards and lifestyles, and increased levels of social heterogeneity. Available in both digital and print formats, this carefully balanced academic work chronicles the social, cultural, economic, and political aspects of American families from the colonial period to the present. Key themes include families and culture (including mass media), families and religion, families and the economy, families and social issues, families and social stratification and conflict, family structures (including marriage and divorce, gender roles, parenting and children, and mixed and non-modal family forms), and family law and policy. Features: Approximately 600 articles, richly illustrated with historical photographs and color photos in the digital edition, provide historical context for students. A collection of primary source documents demonstrate themes across time. The signed articles, with cross references and Further Readings, are accompanied by a Reader’s Guide, Chronology of American Families, Resource Guide, Glossary, and thorough index. The Social History of the American Family is an ideal reference for students and researchers who want to explore political and social debates about the importance of the family and its evolving constructions. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Skid Road Josephine Ensign, 2021-08-03 A compelling look at the historical roots of poverty and homelessness, the worthy and unworthy poor, and the role of charity health care and public policy in the United States. Home to over 730,000 people, with close to four million people living in the metropolitan area, Seattle has the third-highest homeless population in the United States. In 2018, an estimated 8,600 homeless people lived in the city, a figure that does not include the significant number of hidden homeless people doubled up with friends or living in and out of cheap hotels. In Skid Road, Josephine Ensign digs through layers of Seattle history—past its leaders and prominent citizens, respectable or not—to reveal the stories of overlooked and long-silenced people who live on the margins of society. The sometimes fragmentary tales of these people, their lives and deaths, are not included in official histories of a place. How, Ensign asks, has a large, socially progressive city like Seattle responded to the health needs of people marginalized by poverty, mental illness, addiction, racial/ethnic/sexual identities, and homelessness? Drawing on interviews and extensive research, Ensign shares a diversity of voices within contemporary health care and public policy debates. Informed by her own lived experience of homelessness, as well as over three decades of work as a family nurse practitioner providing primary health care to homeless people, Ensign is uniquely situated to explore the tensions between caregiving and oppression, as well as charity and solidarity, that polarize perspectives on homelessness throughout the country. A timely story in light of the ongoing health care reform debate, the affordable housing crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic, the stories from Skid Road illuminate issues surrounding poverty and homelessness throughout America. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Undeserving Poor Michael B. Katz, 2013-09-30 First published in 1989, The Undeserving Poor was a critically acclaimed and enormously influential account of America's enduring debate about poverty. Taking stock of the last quarter century, Michael B. Katz's new edition of this classic is virtually a new book. As the first did, it will force all concerned Americans to reconsider the foundations of our policies toward the poor, especially in the wake of the Great Recession that began in 2008. Katz highlights how throughout American history, the poor have been regarded as undeserving: people who do not deserve sympathy because they brought their poverty on themselves, either through laziness and immorality, or because they are culturally or mentally deficient. This long-dominant view sees poverty as a personal failure, serving to justify America's mean-spirited treatment of the poor. Katz reminds us, however, that there are other explanations of poverty besides personal failure. Poverty has been written about as a problem of place, of resources, of political economy, of power, and of market failure. Katz looks at each idea in turn, showing how they suggest more effective approaches to our struggle against poverty. The Second Edition includes important new material. It now sheds light on the revival of the idea of culture in poverty research; the rehabilitation of Daniel Patrick Moynihan; the resurgent role of biology in discussions of the causes of poverty, such as in The Bell Curve; and the human rights movement's intensified focus on alleviating world poverty. It emphasizes the successes of the War on Poverty and Great Society, especially at the grassroots level. It is also the first book to chart the rise and fall of the underclass as a concept driving public policy. A major revision of a landmark study, The Undeserving Poor helps readers to see poverty-and our efforts to combat it--in a new light. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Poverty Industry Daniel L. Hatcher, 2016-06-21 Hatcher [posits that] state governments and their private industry partners are profiting from the social safety net, turning America's most vulnerable populations into sources of revenue-- |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Public Health Nursing - Revised Reprint Marcia Stanhope, Jeanette Lancaster, 2013-10-15 This Revised Reprint of our 8th edition, the gold standard in community health nursing, Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community, has been updated with a new Quality and Safety Education in Nursing (QSEN) appendix that features examples of incorporating knowledge, skills, and attitudes to improve quality and safety in community/public health nursing practice. As with the previous version, this text provides comprehensive and up-to-date content to keep you at the forefront of the ever-changing community health climate and prepare you for an effective nursing career. In addition to concepts and interventions for individuals, families, and communities, this text also incorporates real-life applications of the public nurse's role, Healthy People 2020 initiatives, new chapters on forensics and genomics, plus timely coverage of disaster management and important client populations such as pregnant teens, the homeless, immigrants, and more. Evidence-Based Practice boxes illustrate how the latest research findings apply to public/community health nursing.Separate chapters on disease outbreak investigation and disaster management describe the nurse's role in surveilling public health and managing these types of threats to public health.Separate unit on the public/community health nurse's role describes the different functions of the public/community health nurse within the community.Levels of Prevention boxes show how community/public health nurses deliver health care interventions at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention.What Do You Think?, Did You Know?, and How To? boxes use practical examples and critical thinking exercises to illustrate chapter content.The Cutting Edge highlights significant issues and new approaches to community-oriented nursing practice.Practice Application provides case studies with critical thinking questions.Separate chapters on community health initiatives thoroughly describe different approaches to promoting health among populations.Appendixes offer additional resources and key information, such as screening and assessment tools and clinical practice guidelines. NEW! Quality and Safety Education in Nursing (QSEN) appendix features examples of incorporating knowledge, skills, and attitudes to improve quality and safety in community/public health nursing practice.NEW! Linking Content to Practice boxes provide real-life applications for chapter content.NEW! Healthy People 2020 feature boxes highlight the goals and objectives for promoting health and wellness over the next decade.NEW! Forensic Nursing in the Community chapter focuses on the unique role of forensic nurses in public health and safety, interpersonal violence, mass violence, and disasters. NEW! Genomics in Public Health Nursing chapter includes a history of genetics and genomics and their impact on public/community health nursing care. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Public Health Nursing - E-Book Marcia Stanhope, Jeanette Lancaster, 2014-07-21 Now in its 8th edition, the gold standard in community health nursing provides comprehensive and up-to-date content to keep you at the forefront of the ever-changing community health climate and prepare you for an effective nursing career. In addition to a solid foundation in concepts and interventions for individuals, families, and communities, you will find real-life applications of the public nurse's role, Healthy People 2020 initiatives, new chapters on forensics and genomics, plus timely coverage of disaster management and important client populations such as pregnant teens, the homeless, immigrants, and more. Evidence-Based Practice boxes illustrate how the latest research findings apply to public/community health nursing. Separate chapters on disease outbreak investigation and disaster management describe the nurse's role in surveilling public health and managing these types of threats to public health. Separate unit on the public/community health nurse's role describes the different roles and functions of the public/community health nurse within the community. Levels of Prevention boxes show how community/public health nurses deliver health care interventions at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention. What Do You Think?, Did You Know?, and How To? boxes use practical examples and critical thinking exercises to illustrate chapter content. The Cutting Edge highlights significant issues and new approaches to community-oriented nursing practice. Practice Application provides case studies with critical thinking questions. Separate chapters on community health initiatives thoroughly describe different approaches to promoting health among populations. Appendixes offer additional resources and key information, such as screening and assessment tools and clinical practice guidelines. Linking Content to Practice boxes provide real-life applications for chapter content. NEW! Healthy People 2020 feature boxes highlight the goals and objectives for promoting health and wellness over the next decade. NEW! The Nurse in Forensics chapter focuses on the unique role of forensic nurses in public health and safety, interpersonal violence, mass violence, and disasters. NEW! Genomics in Public Health Nursing chapter includes a history of genetics and genomics and their impact on public/community health nursing care. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Philanthropy in America Dwight F. Burlingame, 2004-08-19 A landmark three-volume reference work documenting philanthropy and the nonprofit sector throughout American history, edited by the field's most widely recognized authority. Developed under the guidance of Dr. Dwight Burlingame of the Indiana University Center on Philanthropy, one of the nation's premier institutes for the study of philanthropy, the three-volume Philanthropy in America: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia is the definitive work on philanthropic, charitable, and nonprofit endeavors in the United States. The first section of the encyclopedia contains over 200 A–Z entries covering the lives of important philanthropists, the missions and practices of key institutions and organizations, and the impact of seminal events throughout the history of the nonprofit sector in America, from precolonial times to the present. Discussions of philanthropic traditions in ancient civilizations, in Europe during colonial times, and in countries around the world today provide fascinating contexts for understanding how the American philanthropic experience has developed. The encyclopedia also includes a collection of primary source documents (legislation, foundation reports, mission statements, etc.) for convenient review and further research. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Dynamics of Social Welfare Policy Joel Blau, Mimi Abramovitz, 2007 The first edition of The Dynamics of Social Welfare Policy reinvented the standard social welfare policy text to speak to students in a vital new way. This second edition builds on its strengths, with a more accessible graphic design and a thorough update of the effects of recent political and legislative changes on social welfare programs. The book begins by discussing how social problems are constructed. After an analysis of social welfare policy, its purposes, and functions, a unique policy model bolsters the text's overarching progressive narrative. Through this model, students learn how five key social forces-ideology, politics, history, economics, and social movements-interact both to create and to change the social welfare system. By applying this model to five critical social welfare policy issues-income security, employment, housing, health, and food-the text demonstrates to students that every kind of social work practice embodies a social welfare policy. The model is also telling in identifying the triggers of social change and the effects of race, class, and gender. By applying the policy model to the latest developments in social welfare, the chapter-long case studies in this second edition equip students with knowledge about social welfare policy and the tools for comparative analysis. With this knowledge, students begin to understand that both the whole and the parts of the social welfare system affect what they actually do as social workers. Once they grasp this concept, they'll understand why it is so important to learn social welfare policy. The Dynamics of Social Welfare Policy 2E captures the fluidity and change inherent in social policy like no other textbook. Its approach remains the most invigorating, forward-thinking one available. Highlights from this edition include: * Revised data in text, charts, and graphs show how government policies are proving the points made throughout the chapters *Exhaustive statistics are included about every major social program's budget, benefits, and participants *Underlying policy model has been updated in response to the evolving political environment *Content and writing style are appropriate to both bachelor's- and master's-level programs *More graphics and attractive new two-color interior design make debates easier to grasp and the book easier to navigate Visit www.oup.com/us/dynamics for access to the instructor's manual and test bank. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Welfare in Review , 1967 |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Aging and the Law Lawrence A. Frolik, 1999 A collection of 47 portions of essays, articles, and books addressing many of the social, political, and legal problems occasioned by having an increasing number of older Americans. First defines and explores the emerging field of elder law, then looks at such dimensions as work, income, and wealth; housing; mental capacity; health care decision making; long-term care; health care finance; family and social issues; abuse, neglect, victimization, and elderly criminals; and legal representation and ethical considerations. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Poverty in the United States Gwendolyn Mink, Alice M. O'Connor, 2004-11-22 The first interdisciplinary reference to cover the socioeconomic and political history, the movements, and the changing face of poverty in the United States. Poverty in the United States: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, and Policy follows the history of poverty in the United States with an emphasis on the 20th century, and examines the evolvement of public policy and the impact of critical movements in social welfare such as the New Deal, the War on Poverty, and, more recently, the end of welfare as we know it. Encompassing the contributions of hundreds of experts, including historians, sociologists, and political scientists, this resource provides a much broader level of information than previous, highly selective works. With approximately 300 alphabetically-organized topics, it covers topics and issues ranging from affirmative action to the Bracero Program, the Great Depression, and living wage campaigns to domestic abuse and unemployment. Other entries describe and analyze the definitions and explanations of poverty, the relationship of the welfare state to poverty, and the political responses by the poor, middle-class professionals, and the policy elite. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Church and State John R. Stumme, Robert W. Tuttle, In an age marked by controversy over public support of religious schools, federal encouragement of religious providers of social services, and sexuality education, the whole arena of church-state relations appears in flux. In this volume, seven experts probe the meaning of religion in public life for Christians when the Protestant establishment has given way to pervasive religious pluralism and a growing secularism. Working specifically out of Lutheran traditions, the authors probe the deeper legal, moral, and religious questions at issue in the current debate. They not only rethink classical sources about law and gospel and two-kingdoms theory but also resurrect neglected resources for Christian civil resistance. They then look to contemporary developments and show how functional interaction of church and state is compatible with their strong institutional separation. Finally, three chapters probe the most hotly contested First Amendment questions: religious liberty, education, and land use. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The World of Antebellum America Alexandra Kindell, 2018-09-20 This set provides insight into the lives of ordinary Americans free and enslaved, in farms and cities, in the North and the South, who lived during the years of 1815 to 1860. Throughout the Antebellum Era resonated the theme of change: migration, urban growth, the economy, and the growing divide between North and South all led to great changes to which Americans had to respond. By gathering the important aspects of antebellum Americans' lives into an encyclopedia, The World of Antebellum America provides readers with the opportunity to understand how people across America lived and worked, what politics meant to them, and how they shaped or were shaped by economics. Entries on simple topics such as bread and biscuits explore workers' need for calories, the role of agriculture, and gendered divisions of labor, while entries on more complex topics, such as aging and death, disclose Americans' feelings about life itself. Collectively, the entries pull the reader into the lives of ordinary Americans, while section introductions tie together the entries and provide an overarching narrative that primes readers to understand key concepts about antebellum America before delving into Americans' lives in detail. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Growing Old in America Beth Hess, 2020-03-02 Modern industrial societies are characterized by long-term declines in fertility and steady increases in life expectancy. Together, these trends result in an aging population. The United States is no exception; since 1969 the median age has risen from 29.4 to a projected 36.4 in the year 2000. This fourth edition of the standard reader on the sociology of aging has been completely revised, with 90 percent new material, to reflect new information and new issues in this rapidly developing field. Students and practicing professionals will find it a lively, accessible overview. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Inequality in U.S. Social Policy Bryan Warde, 2016-08-05 In Inequality in US Social Policy: An Historic Analysis, Bryan Warde illuminates the pervasive and powerful role that social inequality based on race and ethnicity, gender, immigration status, sexual orientation, class, and disability plays and has historically played in informing social policy. Using critical race theory and other structural oppression theoretical frameworks, this book examines social inequalities as they relate to social welfare, education, housing, employment, health care, and child welfare, immigration, and criminal justice. This book will help social work students better understand the origins of inequalities that their clients face. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: White Cargo Don Jordan, Michael Walsh, 2008-03-08 White Cargo is the forgotten story of the thousands of Britons who lived and died in bondage in Britain's American colonies. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, more than 300,000 white people were shipped to America as slaves. Urchins were swept up from London's streets to labor in the tobacco fields, where life expectancy was no more than two years. Brothels were raided to provide breeders for Virginia. Hopeful migrants were duped into signing as indentured servants, unaware they would become personal property who could be bought, sold, and even gambled away. Transported convicts were paraded for sale like livestock. Drawing on letters crying for help, diaries, and court and government archives, Don Jordan and Michael Walsh demonstrate that the brutalities usually associated with black slavery alone were perpetrated on whites throughout British rule. The trade ended with American independence, but the British still tried to sell convicts in their former colonies, which prompted one of the most audacious plots in Anglo-American history. This is a saga of exploration and cruelty spanning 170 years that has been submerged under the overwhelming memory of black slavery. White Cargo brings the brutal, uncomfortable story to the surface. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Poverty in America Russell M. Lawson, Benjamin A. Lawson, 2008-07-30 How has the U.S. dealt, throughout its long history, with one of the worlds oldest problems? Although poverty has always been part of the human experience, societal reactions and responses to it have been as varied as the condition has been static. Poverty in America has its own turbulent history of causes, effects, and remedies, from debtor's prison to the War on Poverty, from Social Darwinism to food stamps. This in-depth encyclopedia covers the entire history of American poverty from every angle—historical, social, cultural, political, spiritual, and literary. How has poverty been defined in America? What has been done to prevent it? How have minority groups been affected? How has the church reacted? And what, if anything, can be done to eliminate it? Poverty in America covers these issues in vivid detail, from the colonial period to the Industrial Revolution to the global economy of the 21st century. Impactful primary document excerpts from key periods throughout American history are also included, providing firsthand accounts from all sides of the issue. A chronology of events and an extensive bibliography round out this fascinating work. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Social Policy and Social Change Jillian Jimenez, 2010 A timely examination of social policy through a social constructivist and economic lens, Social Policy and Social Change illuminates the root causes of common social problems and how policy has attempted to ameliorate them. In so doing, the book focuses on how social policies in the United States can be transformed to promote social justice for all groups. The book uniquely offers both an historical analysis of social problems and social policies, and an economic analysis of how capitalism and the market economy have contributed to social problems and impacted social policies. The book goes beyond the U.S. borders to examine the impact of globalization in the United States and in the Global South. It considers the meaning and impact of the election of Barack Obama as President of the United States and explores the policy solutions his administration has proposed to deal with the economic recession of 2008-2009. The book also discusses social workers as agents of social change and advocates of social and economic justice. It examines five key realms: Poverty in families and the welfare system, poverty among the elderly and social security, child maltreatment and child welfare policy, health and mental health policy, and housing policy. Social Policy and Social Change is a primary text for social policy/social welfare policy courses in MSW programs and possibly some higher level BSW programs. It will be supplemented with a comprehensive ancillary program, including a test bank, instructor′s manual, and student website. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: United States Welfare Policy Thomas J. Massaro, 2007-05-02 The Welfare Reform Act of 1996 drastically changed the delivery of social services in the United States for the first time in sixty years. More than a decade later, according to Catholic social ethicist Thomas Massaro, a disturbing gap exists between the laws we have enacted as a nation and the moral concerns we profess as a people. Massaro contends that ethicists too often focus on strictly theoretical concerns rather than engaging concrete social and political issues, while public policy experts are uncomfortable drawing ethical judgments about legislation. United States Welfare Policy takes a fresh approach to the topic by using Catholic social teaching as a lens through which to view contemporary American welfare policies, citing the tradition's emphasis on serving the needy—including a preferential option for the poor—and the common good. Massaro maintains that the most important outcome of welfare policy is not the cost-effectiveness of programs, but the well-being of individual families. The concluding analysis of this thoughtful study applies Catholic ethical concerns to specific aspects of welfare reform, including the funding mechanisms for the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program, work participation requirements affecting the bond between mothers and children, eligibility rules, the intrusion of family caps into reproductive decisions, and the imposition of disproportionate burdens upon particular demographic groups. Massaro offers possible alternatives in each case and, as the fight over reauthorization of the welfare act continues, he calls on Catholic churches and clergy and laity to take action and advocate publicly for a more ethical approach to welfare reform. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: The Empowerment Approach to Social Work Practice Judith A. B. Lee, 2001-03-07 First published in 1994, this book was hailed as a cutting-edge, theory-driven report from the front-line trenches in the battle for social justice. Both clinical and community oriented and written from a global perspective, it presents clients speaking for themselves alongside reports of prominent social work educators. This new edition puts greater emphasis on how-to skills in working with people toward their own empowerment and stresses multiculturalism. A new chapter identifies worldwide issues of oppression such as abuse of women and children and neglect of the mentally ill. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: American Poverty Woody Klein, 2013-01-01 Analyzes efforts to eliminate poverty during each U.S. president's administration from George Washington to Barack Obama, looking at why no president has been able to end poverty and challenges each has faced in his quest to do so. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Poverty and Welfare in America David Wagner, 2019-09-12 This book closely examines controversial claims and beliefs surrounding poverty and anti-poverty programs in the United States. It authoritatively dismantles falsehoods, half-truths, and misconceptions, leaving readers with an unbiased, accurate understanding of these issues. Poverty and Welfare in America: Examining the Facts, like every book in the Contemporary Debates series, is intended to puncture rather than perpetuate myths that diminish our understanding of important policies and positions; to provide needed context for misleading statements and claims; and to confirm the factual accuracy of other assertions. This book clarifies some of the most contentious and misunderstood aspects of American poverty and the social welfare programs that have been crafted to combat it over the years. In addition to providing up-to-date data about the extent of American poverty among various demographic groups in the United States, it examines the chief causes of poverty in the 21st century, including divorce, disability, and educational shortfalls. Moreover, the book provides an evenhanded examination of the nation's social welfare agencies and the effectiveness of various social service programs managed by those agencies in addressing and reducing poverty. |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Growing Up Poor Catherine S. Chilman, 1966 |
| elizabethan poor laws in america: Philanthropy in British and American Fiction Frank Christianson, 2007-11-28 During the 19th century the U.S. and Britain came to share an economic profile unparalleled in their respective histories. This book suggests that this early high capitalism came to serve as the ground for a new kind of cosmopolitanism in the age of literary realism, and argues for the necessity of a transnational analysis based upon economic relationships of which people on both sides of the Atlantic were increasingly conscious. The nexus of this exploration of economics, aesthetics and moral philosophy is philanthropy. Pushing beyond reductive debates over the benevolent or mercenary qualities of industrial era philanthropy, the following questions are addressed: what form and function does philanthropy assume in British and American fiction respectively? What are the rhetorical components of a discourse of philanthropy and in which cultural domains did it operate? How was philanthropy practiced and represented in a period marked by self-interest and rational calculation? The author explores the relationship between philanthropy and literary realism in novels by Charles Dickens, Nathaniel Hawthorne, George Eliot, and William Dean Howells, and examines how each used the figure of philanthropy both to redefine the sentiments that informed social identity and to refashion their own aesthetic practices. The heart of this study consists of two comparative sections: the first contains chapters on contemporaries Hawthorne and Dickens; the second contains chapters on second-generation realists Eliot and Howells in order to examine the altruistic imagination at a culminating point in the history of literary realism. |
Elizabethan era - Wikipedia
The Elizabethan era is the epoch in the Tudor period of the history of England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603). Historians often depict it as the golden age in English history.
Elizabethan Age | Definition, Facts, In England, & Literature
Elizabethan Age, in British history, the time period (1558–1603) during which Queen Elizabeth I ruled England. Popularly referred to as a “golden age,” it was a span of time characterized by …
10 Facts About the Elizabethan Era - Have Fun With History
Sep 13, 2023 · The Elizabethan Era, which spanned the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England from 1558 to 1603, was a transformative period in English history. It is often celebrated as a …
The Elizabethan Era, 1558–1603: Life In The Golden Age
Mar 13, 2024 · When was the Elizabethan era? The reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) is often described as England’s ‘golden age’ – a period in which new worlds were discovered, the arts …
ELIZABETHAN ERA
The section and era covering the Elizabethan Age provides the History, Facts and Information about Elizabethan Weapons and the English Navy. It also provides facts and information about …
Elizabethans - HistoryExtra
The Elizabethan age (1558–1603) is named after the reign of England’s last Tudor monarch, Queen Elizabeth I. The period is often referred to as a ‘Golden Age’ of history: England …
United Kingdom - Elizabethan, Society, Monarchy | Britannica
Jun 11, 2025 · United Kingdom - Elizabethan, Society, Monarchy: Social reality, at least for the poor and powerless, was probably a far cry from the ideal, but for a few years Elizabethan …
Elizabethan literature | Definition, Characteristics, Authors, …
Elizabethan literature, body of works written during the reign of Elizabeth I of England (1558–1603), probably the most splendid age in the history of English literature, during which …
Elizabethan era - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Elizabethan era was a time in the history of England. Generally, the Elizabethan era refers to the years 1558 - 1603, when Elizabeth I was the Queen of England. It is often called "The …
Elizabeth I - GCSE History - BBC Bitesize
Elizabeth inherited problems in religion, economy and foreign policy. She tightly controlled Parliament and her Privy Council. She never married, putting the security of England...
Elizabethan era - Wikipedia
The Elizabethan era is the epoch in the Tudor period of the history of England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603). Historians often depict it as the golden age in English history.
Elizabethan Age | Definition, Facts, In England, & Literature
Elizabethan Age, in British history, the time period (1558–1603) during which Queen Elizabeth I ruled England. Popularly referred to as a “golden age,” it was a span of time characterized by …
10 Facts About the Elizabethan Era - Have Fun With History
Sep 13, 2023 · The Elizabethan Era, which spanned the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England from 1558 to 1603, was a transformative period in English history. It is often celebrated as a …
The Elizabethan Era, 1558–1603: Life In The Golden Age
Mar 13, 2024 · When was the Elizabethan era? The reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) is often described as England’s ‘golden age’ – a period in which new worlds were discovered, the arts …
ELIZABETHAN ERA
The section and era covering the Elizabethan Age provides the History, Facts and Information about Elizabethan Weapons and the English Navy. It also provides facts and information about …
Elizabethans - HistoryExtra
The Elizabethan age (1558–1603) is named after the reign of England’s last Tudor monarch, Queen Elizabeth I. The period is often referred to as a ‘Golden Age’ of history: England …
United Kingdom - Elizabethan, Society, Monarchy | Britannica
Jun 11, 2025 · United Kingdom - Elizabethan, Society, Monarchy: Social reality, at least for the poor and powerless, was probably a far cry from the ideal, but for a few years Elizabethan …
Elizabethan literature | Definition, Characteristics, Authors, …
Elizabethan literature, body of works written during the reign of Elizabeth I of England (1558–1603), probably the most splendid age in the history of English literature, during which …
Elizabethan era - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Elizabethan era was a time in the history of England. Generally, the Elizabethan era refers to the years 1558 - 1603, when Elizabeth I was the Queen of England. It is often called "The …
Elizabeth I - GCSE History - BBC Bitesize
Elizabeth inherited problems in religion, economy and foreign policy. She tightly controlled Parliament and her Privy Council. She never married, putting the security of England...
