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| economics with taxation and land reform: Land-Value Taxation Around the World Robert V. Andelson, 2001-03-05 Andelson has provided an interdisciplinary, international collection of essays, which has been in the making for twenty years. This is not a book on the history of economic thought but rather a book about the theory and practice of land reform and an historical summary of efforts to apply land value taxation in different countries around the world. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Land Value Taxation Richard F. Dye, Richard W. England, 2009 Provides historical, economic, political and legal perspectives for understanding the many issues surrounding land taxation. - cover. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Taxation and Economic Development J. F. J. Toye, 1978 First published in 1978 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Making the Property Tax Work Roy W. Bahl, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Joan M. Youngman, 2008 Students of public finance and fiscal decentralization in developing and transitional countries have long argued for more intensive use of the property tax. It would seem the ideal choice for financing local government services. Based on a Lincoln Institute conference held in October 2006, the chapters in this book take this argument one step further in drawing on recent experience with property tax policy and administration. Two main sets of issues are addressed. First, why hasn't the property tax worked well in most developing and transitional countries? Second, what can be done to make the property tax a more relevant source for local governments in those countries? The numerous advantages of the property tax as a local government revenue source are analyzed and discussed in detail as are the many perceived disadvantages. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Assessing the Theory and Practice of Land Value Taxation Richard F. Dye, Richard W. England, 2010 The land value tax is the focus of this Policy Focus Report, Assessing the Theory and Practice of Land Value Taxation. A concept dating back to Henry George, the land value tax is a variant of the property tax that imposes a higher tax rate on land than on improvements, or taxes only the land value. Many other types of changes in property tax policy, such as assessment freezes or limitations, have undesirable side effects, including unequal treatment of similarly situated taxpayers and distortion of economic incentives. The land value tax can enhance both the fairness and the efficiency of property tax collection, with few undesirable effects; land is effectively in fixed supply, so an increase in the tax rate on land value will raise revenue without distorting the incentives for owners to invest in and use their land. A land value tax has also been seen as a way to combat urban sprawl by encouraging density and infill development. Authors Richard F. Dye and Richard W. England examine the experience of those who have implemented the land value tax -- more than 30 countries around the world, and in the United States, several municipalities dating back to 1913, when the Pennsylvania legislature permitted Pittsburgh and Scranton to tax land values at a higher rate than building values. A 1951 statute gave smaller Pennsylvania cities the same option to enact a two-rate property tax, a variation of the land value tax. About 15 communities currently use this type of tax program, while others tried and rescinded it. Hawaii also has experience with two-rate taxation, and Virginia and Connecticut have authorized municipalities to choose a two-rate property tax. The land value tax has been subjected to studies comparing jurisdictions with and without it, and to legal challenges. A land value tax also raises administrative issues, particularly in the area of property tax assessments. Land value taxation is an attractive alternative to the traditional property tax, especially to much more problematic types of property tax measures such as assessment limitations, the authors conclude. A land value tax is best implemented if local officials use best assessing practices to keep land and improvement values up to date; phase in dual tax rates over several years; and include a tax credit feature in those communities where land-rich but income-poor citizens might suffer from land value taxation. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Principles of Economics , 2008 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Land Reforms, Poverty Reduction, and Economic Growth: Evidence from India Hari K. Nagarajan, |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Ottoman Land Reform in the Province of Baghdad Keiko Kiyotaki, 2019-05-15 In Ottoman Land Reform in the Province of Baghdad, Keiko Kiyotaki traces the Ottoman reforms of tax farming and land tenure and establishes that their effects were the key ingredients of agricultural progress. These modernizing reforms are shown to be effective because they were compatible with local customs and tribal traditions, which the Ottoman governors worked to preserve. Ottoman rule in Iraq has previously been considered oppressive and blamed with failure to develop the country. Since the British mandate government’s land and tax policies were little examined, the Ottoman legacy has been left unidentified. This book proves that Ottoman land reforms led to increases in agricultural production and tax revenue, while the hasty reforms enacted by the mandate government ignoring indigenous customs caused new agricultural and land problems. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Property, Institutions, and Social Stratification in Africa Franklin Obeng-Odoom, 2020-03-26 In this book, Franklin Obeng-Odoom seeks to debunk the existing explanations of inequalities within Africa and between Africa and the rest of the world using insights from the emerging field of stratification economics. Using multiple sources - including archival and historical material and a wide range of survey data - he develops a distinctive approach that combines traditional institutional economics, such as social protection and reasonable value, property and the distribution of wealth with other insights into Africa's development. While looking at the Africa-wide situation, Obeng-Odoom also analyses the experiences of inequalities within specific countries; he primarily focuses on Ghana while also drawing on experiences in Botswana and Mauritius. Comprehensive and engaging, Property, Institutions, and Social Stratification in Africa is a useful resource for teaching and research on Africa and the Global South. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Land Reform Russell King, 2019-03-13 This book lays down some general themes and principles in the study of land reform and traces the historical evolution of the concept of land reform. It constitutes a continent-based country-by-country survey of the significant recent reforms in the less developed countries. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: The Political Economy of Tax Reform Takatoshi Ito, Anne O. Krueger, 2007-12-01 The rapid emergence of East Asia as an important geopolitical-economic entity has been one of the most visible and striking changes in the international economy in recent years. With that emergence has come an increased need for understanding the problems of interdependence. As a step toward meeting this need, the National Bureau of Economic Research joined with the Korea Development Institute to sponsor this volume, which focuses on the complexities of tax reform in a global economy. Experts from Taiwan, Korea, the Philippines, Japan, and Thailand, as well as the United States, Canada, and Israel examine the major tax programs of the 1980s and their domestic and international economic effects. The analyses reveal similarities between the United States and countries in East Asia in political constraints on policy making, and taken together they show how growing interdependence interacts with domestic economic and political concerns to affect issues as politically vital as tax reform. Economists, policymakers, and members of the business community will benefit from these studies. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Land Reform in Developing Countries Michael Lipton, 2009-06-24 Redistributing land rights is a tricky subject and one that easily becomes controversial as recent experience has shown. This new book calmly examines the strengths and weaknesses of different forms of land redistribution. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Agrarian Reform & Economic Growth in Developing Countries , 1962 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Rethinking the Economics of Land and Housing Josh Ryan-Collins, Toby Lloyd, Laurie Macfarlane, 2022-11-24 Why are house prices in many advanced economies rising faster than incomes? Why isn't land and location taught or seen as important in modern economics? What is the relationship between the financial system and land?In this accessible but provocative guide to the economics of land and housing, the authors reveal how many of the key challenges facing modern economies - including housing crises, financial instability and growing inequalities - are intimately tied to the land economy. Looking at the ways in which discussions of land have been routinely excluded from both housing policy and economic theory, the authors show that in order to tackle these increasingly pressing issues a major rethink by both politicians and economists is required. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: The Great Curse R. Albert Berry, 2024 Land is the key input for economies in the earliest stages of development, when seventy-five percent to ninety percent of the labor force is engaged in agriculture. Concentration of land ownership has been a common, and usually quite damaging, feature of most societies throughout history as both the cause and the result of access to power. Highly unequal control of land typically implies severe inequality of income and welfare, as well. Landlessness has been at the root of many of the world's most serious and persistent problems, including severe exploitation and the deprivation of political rights and basic human needs. Historically, the motivation for many revolutions has been access to land. This volume reviews the land reform experiences of multiple countries during the twentieth century. The experiences l covered llustrate the widespread need for reform, the great difficulties facing major changes, and the extreme cost of failure in delicate political moments. Looking ahead, the biggest challenge will be to avoid the injustices and inequality that have accompanied land concentration in the past-- |
| economics with taxation and land reform: White Paper on Tax Reform CCH Canadian Limited, 1987 The 1987 tax reform package considered. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Pro-Poor Land Reform Saturnino Borras, 2007-09-06 Using empirical case materials from the Philippines and referring to rich experiences from different countries historically, this book offers conceptual and practical conclusions that have far-reaching implications for land reform throughout the world. Examining land reform theory and practice, this book argues that conventional practices have excluded a significant portion of land-based production and distribution relationships, while they have inadvertently included land transfers that do not constitute real redistributive reform. By direct implication, this book is a critique of both mainstream market led agrarian reform and conventional state-led land reform. It offers an alternative perspective on how to move forward in theory and practice and opens new paths in land policy research. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Strong Towns Charles L. Marohn, Jr., 2019-10-01 A new way forward for sustainable quality of life in cities of all sizes Strong Towns: A Bottom-Up Revolution to Build American Prosperity is a book of forward-thinking ideas that breaks with modern wisdom to present a new vision of urban development in the United States. Presenting the foundational ideas of the Strong Towns movement he co-founded, Charles Marohn explains why cities of all sizes continue to struggle to meet their basic needs, and reveals the new paradigm that can solve this longstanding problem. Inside, you’ll learn why inducing growth and development has been the conventional response to urban financial struggles—and why it just doesn’t work. New development and high-risk investing don’t generate enough wealth to support itself, and cities continue to struggle. Read this book to find out how cities large and small can focus on bottom-up investments to minimize risk and maximize their ability to strengthen the community financially and improve citizens’ quality of life. Develop in-depth knowledge of the underlying logic behind the “traditional” search for never-ending urban growth Learn practical solutions for ameliorating financial struggles through low-risk investment and a grassroots focus Gain insights and tools that can stop the vicious cycle of budget shortfalls and unexpected downturns Become a part of the Strong Towns revolution by shifting the focus away from top-down growth toward rebuilding American prosperity Strong Towns acknowledges that there is a problem with the American approach to growth and shows community leaders a new way forward. The Strong Towns response is a revolution in how we assemble the places we live. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: The Property Tax, Land Use, and Land Use Regulation The late Dick Netzer, 2003-01-01 Dick Netzer, a leading public finance economist specializing in state and local issues and urban government, brings together in this comprehensive volume essays by top scholars connecting the property tax with land use. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: The Sociology and Professionalization of Economics A.W. Bob Coats, 2005-08-17 Coats has made an outstanding contribution to the history of economic thought, economic methodology and the sociology of economics. This unique volume represents a substantial part of his work on the sociology and professionalization of economics. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Revitalization and the U.S. Economy United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization, 1981 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: The Property Tax and Local Autonomy Michael E. Bell, David Brunori, Joan M. Youngman, 2010 This book examines the issues and consequences of a declining property tax base with respect to local government autonomy. Some of the nation's leading scholars provide their views on how the property tax effects intergovernmental relations, local autonomy, and education finance. --from publisher description |
| economics with taxation and land reform: States of Obligation Yanni Kotsonis, 2014-01-01 Beginning in the 1860s, the Russian Empire replaced a poll tax system that originated with Peter the Great with a modern system of income and excise taxes. Russia began a transformation of state fiscal power that was also underway across Western Europe and North America. States of Obligation is the first sustained study of the Russian taxation system, the first to study its European and transatlantic context, and the first to expose the essential continuities between the fiscal practices of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. Using a wealth of materials from provincial and local archives across Russia, Yanni Kotsonis examines how taxation was simultaneously a revenue-raising and a state-building tool, a claim on the person and a way to produce a new kind of citizenship. During successive political, wartime, and revolutionary crises between 1855 and 1928, state fiscal power was used to forge social and financial unity and fairness and a direct relationship with individual Russians. State power eventually overwhelmed both the private sector economy and the fragile realm of personal privacy. States of Obligation is at once a study in Russian economic history and a reflection on the modern state and the modern citizen. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Economics, Taxation, and Agrarian Reform Carlos L. Manapat, 2010 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Progress and Poverty George, 1889 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Making the Modern American Fiscal State Ajay K. Mehrotra, 2013-09-30 Making the Modern American Fiscal State chronicles the rise of the US system of direct and progressive taxation. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Who Pays for Canada? E.A. Heaman, David Tough, 2020-09-17 Canadians can never not argue about taxes. From the Chinese head tax to the Panama Papers, from the National Policy to the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement, tax grievances always inspire private resentments and public debates. But if resentment and debate persist, the terms of the debate have continually altered and adapted to reflect changing social, economic, and political conditions in Canada and the wider world. The centenary of income tax is the occasion for Canadian scholars to wrestle with past and present debates about tax equity, efficiency, and justice. Who Pays for Canada? explores the different ways governments can and should tax their peoples and evaluates how well Canada has done so. It brings together a diverse group of perspectives from academia - law, economics, political science, history, geography, philosophy, and accountancy - and from the wider world of activists and public servants. It asks how Canada compares to other countries and how other countries - especially the United States - influence Canadian tax policies. It also surveys internal tax tensions and politics, through the lenses of region and jurisdiction, as well as race, class, and gender. Reasoning from tax perplexities and reforms in the past and the present, it argues that fair taxation requires an informed populace and a democratically inclined public will. Above all, this book serves as a reminder that it is not only what counts as fair that is important, but how fairness is evaluated. Revealing how closely tax policy is tied to mainstream politics, human rights, and morality, Who Pays for Canada? represents new perspectives on a matter of tremendous national urgency. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: The Ecology of Tax Systems Vito Tanzi, 2018-03-30 This groundbreaking book analyzes how the ecology of taxation is fundamental for the success or failure of tax systems. It specifically focuses on the role of the ecological environment on taxation; the factors that determine the ecology of taxation; and how the ecology of taxation has changed and may continue to evolve. The implicit, important conclusion is that there are no permanent or universal optimal tax theories: all theories are related to this ecology. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Introductory Macroeconomics Michael Veseth, 1980 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Official Gazette Philippines, 1996 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: China's Local Public Finance in Transition Joyce Y. Man, Yu-hung Hong, 2011 China's economy has developed rapidly since the economic reforms in 1978, but public finance reforms have proceeded more slowly. This book looks at three major policy options addressing the underlying imbalance between revenues and expenditures at the local level in China. This is a valuable resource for anyone interested in local fiscal issues in China. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Comparative Economic Systems Fouad Sabry, 2023-12-15 What is Comparative Economic Systems The sub-discipline of economics known as Comparative Economic Systems is concerned with the comparative study of various systemic approaches to economic organization. These approaches include capitalism, socialism, feudalism, and the mixed economy, among others. It is generally accepted that the economist Calvin Bryce Hoover was the one who initiated the establishment. Prior to 1989, comparative economics was primarily concerned with the analysis of comparative economic systems. However, after that year, the field shifted its focus to a significant degree toward the comparison of the economic repercussions of the transition experience from socialism to capitalism. The field of economics, which is the study of acquiring knowledge concerning the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth, includes this discipline as one of its subfields. The economic system is originally established on the basis of the collective desires of the population as well as the resources that are accessible. The gross domestic product (GDP) is a metric that can be used to evaluate the performance of the economic system; more specifically, it would provide an indication of the growth rate of the country. It is also possible to arrive at normative judgments by asking questions such as whether or not there is a disparity in the distribution of wealth and income and whether or not there is social fairness. On a regular basis, theorists attempt to analyze both the positive and normative features of the economic system in general. In order to accomplish this, they make assumptions about the rules of the game that regulate utility-seeking. When the economic system of a country is either a perfect planning economic system or a perfect competition economic system, it is relatively straightforward to forecast the outcomes of the government's economic system. Being able to provide policy direction is not difficult when dealing with economic systems of that kind. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Comparative economic systems Chapter 2: Capitalism Chapter 3: Free market Chapter 4: Anti-capitalism Chapter 5: Market economy Chapter 6: Mixed economy Chapter 7: Democratic capitalism Chapter 8: Economic system Chapter 9: Criticism of socialism Chapter 10: Criticism of capitalism Chapter 11: Lange model Chapter 12: Economic planning Chapter 13: Economic ideology Chapter 14: Calvin B. Hoover Chapter 15: Redistribution of income and wealth Chapter 16: Social dividend Chapter 17: Production for use Chapter 18: Social ownership Chapter 19: Socialist economics Chapter 20: Contract theory Chapter 21: Authoritarian capitalism (II) Answering the public top questions about comparative economic systems. (III) Real world examples for the usage of comparative economic systems in many fields. (IV) Rich glossary featuring over 1200 terms to unlock a comprehensive understanding of comparative economic systems. (eBook only). Who will benefit Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of comparative economic systems. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Introduction to Agricultural Economics Lewis Cecil Gray, 1924 Suggested readings at end of each chapter. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Political Leadership and Agricultural Transformation Emelie Rohne Till, Martin Andersson, Isabelle Tsakok, 2024-10-26 This open access book examines the impact of political leadership on agricultural transformation to understand why cases of successful agricultural transformation are so rare in the developing world. It highlights the importance of leadership and its interaction with the socio-political system as a key factor impacting agricultural transformation. The book takes a first step in systematically exploring commonalities in the role played by the political leadership in successful and less successful agricultural transformations, drawing from an analysis of Taiwan, Ethiopia, the Philippines, and Malawi. This book provides a deeper understanding of leadership dynamics, facilitating the work of unlocking new pathways to, and generating new policy options for, sustainable and impactful agricultural change. It will be relevant to students, researchers, and policymakers interested in agricultural economics, the political economy, and development economics. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Taxation, an International Perspective James M. Buchanan, Michael Walker, Fraser Institute (Vancouver, B.C.), 1984 Proceedings of an International Symposium on Taxation held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada on August 27-29, 1980--Verso of t.p. Includes bibliographies and index. |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Discussions in Economics and Statistics: Finance and taxation, money and bimetallism, economic theory Francis Amasa Walker, 1899 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Library of Congress Subject Headings Library of Congress. Cataloging Policy and Support Office, 2007 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Library of Congress Subject Headings Library of Congress, 1998 |
| economics with taxation and land reform: Rural Development Policy United States. Congress House. Committee on Agriculture. Subcommittee on Family Farms, Rural Development, and Special Studies, 1979 |
Economics - Wikipedia
Economics (/ ˌ ɛ k ə ˈ n ɒ m ɪ k s, ˌ iː k ə-/) [1] [2] is a behavioral science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. [3] [4] Economics focuses on …
Economics Defined With Types, Indicators, and Systems
Jun 28, 2024 · Economics is a branch of the social sciences focused on the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Microeconomics is a type of economics …
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May 12, 2025 · economics, social science that seeks to analyze and describe the production, distribution, and consumption of wealth. In the 19th century economics was the hobby of …
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In economics, a transfer is a payment of money without any goods or services being exchanged in return. Governments make transfers in the form of welfare benefits but individuals make …
What is Economics? - American Economic Association
Economics can help us answer these questions. Below, we’ve provided links to short articles that illustrate what economics is and how it connects to our everyday lives. Economics can be …
Economics - Wikipedia
Economics (/ ˌ ɛ k ə ˈ n ɒ m ɪ k s, ˌ iː k ə-/) [1] [2] is a behavioral science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. [3] [4] Economics focuses on …
Economics Defined With Types, Indicators, and Systems
Jun 28, 2024 · Economics is a branch of the social sciences focused on the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Microeconomics is a type of economics …
Economics | Definition, History, Examples, Types, & Facts ...
May 12, 2025 · economics, social science that seeks to analyze and describe the production, distribution, and consumption of wealth. In the 19th century economics was the hobby of …
The A to Z of economics | The Economist
In economics, a transfer is a payment of money without any goods or services being exchanged in return. Governments make transfers in the form of welfare benefits but individuals make …
What is Economics? - American Economic Association
Economics can help us answer these questions. Below, we’ve provided links to short articles that illustrate what economics is and how it connects to our everyday lives. Economics can be …
