Advertisement
| dimers chemistry: Fundamentals of Porphyrin Chemistry Penelope J. Brothers, Mathias O. Senge, 2022-06-15 FUNDAMENTALS OF PORPHYRIN CHEMISTRY An indispensable and concise overview of the chemistry of porphyrins and related molecules In Fundamentals of Porphyrin Chemistry: A 21st Century Approach, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a compact and accessible introduction to the broad field of porphyrin chemistry. It discusses the basics of porphyrin synthesis and structure, as well as that of related molecules, and the current and future roles that porphyrins play in chemical transformations, materials design and synthesis, energy capture and transduction, human health, and the environment. This edited volume is a self-contained tutorial on concepts of critical importance to porphyrin chemistry and serves as the foundation for discussions about the applications of porphyrin-related compounds found in the second volume. This book contains: A thorough introduction to porphyrins, including their structure, nomenclature, naturally occurring porphyrins, synthetic porphyrins, and common families of porphyrin-related compounds Comprehensive explorations of chemical porphyrin synthesis, including how to synthesize porphyrins from simple, symmetric, and advanced ABCD-substituted porphyrins Practical discussions of the physical characteristics of porphyrins, including their structural features, electronic structure, spectroscopy, magnetism, electrochemistry, and electron transfer processes Perfect for experienced academic researchers in the field of porphyrin chemistry seeking a quick reference, Fundamentals of Porphyrin Chemistry: A 21st Century Approach is also an indispensable resource for researchers new to the field who need an overview directing them to literature in more focused areas. |
| dimers chemistry: Metal-Ligand Interactions in Chemistry, Physics and Biology N. Russo, Dennis R. Salahub, 2012-12-06 Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, held in Cetraro (CS) Italy, from 1-12 September 1998 |
| dimers chemistry: Spin Chemical Physics of Graphene Elena Sheka, 2017-11-23 Graphene’s nickname ‘miracle material’ normally means the material superior properties. However, all these characteristics are only the outward manifestation of the wonderful nature of graphene. The real miracle of graphene is that the specie is a union of two entities: a physical - and a chemical one, each of which is unique in its own way. The book concerns a very close interrelationship between graphene physics and chemistry as expressed via typical spin effects of a chemical physics origin. Based on quantum-chemical computations, the book is nevertheless addressed to the reflection of physical reality and it is aimed at an understanding of what constitutes graphene as an object of material science – sci graphene – on the one hand, and as a working material- high tech graphene - for a variety of attractive applications largely discussed and debated in the press, on the other. The book is written by a user of quantum chemistry, sufficiently experienced in material science, and the chemical physics of graphene is presented as the user view based on results of extended computational experiments in tight connection with their relevance to physical and chemical realities. The experiments have been carried out at the same theoretical platform, which allows considering different sides of the graphene life at the same level in light of its chemical peculiarity. |
| dimers chemistry: Weakly Interacting Molecular Pairs Claude Camy-Peyret, Andrei A. Vigasin, 2003-10-31 While pair effects are referred to here as unconventional, in specific spectral domains and/or geophysical conditions they play a dominant role in the absorption/emission properties of the atmosphere, water vapour continuum absorption being one of the most prominent examples. The book clarifies still open questions in this domain and seeks to trace a path to possible answers, since the underlying phenomena are often incompletely understood and a reliable theory is often unavailable. The absence of precise laboratory data on bimolecular absorption is also often a hindrance to the construction of a reliable theoretical model. The book thus describes the latest methods, theories and techniques used to study weakly interacting molecular pairs. There is also a discussion of the serious deficiencies in our understanding of bimolecular phenomena occurring in the atmosphere that will undoubtedly stimulate new laboratory and theoretical investigations. The ultimate goal of the book is to bridge the gap between laboratory experiments, sophisticated theories and field observations in the interests of atmospheric science and applications. |
| dimers chemistry: Phosphorus Compounds Maurizio Peruzzini, Luca Gonsalvi, 2011-06-10 Each chapter of Phosphorus Compounds: Advanced Tools in Catalysis and Material Sciences have been carefully selected by the editors in order to represent a state-of-the-art overview of how phosphorus chemistry can provide solutions in various fields of applications. The editors have assembled an international array of world-renowned scientists and each chapter is written by experts in the fields of synthetic chemistry, homogeneous catalysis, dendrimers, theoretical calculations, materials science, and medicinal chemistry with a special focus on the chemistry of phosphorus compounds. Phosphorus Compounds: Advanced Tools in Catalysis and Material Sciences is of interest to a general readership ranging from advanced university course students to experts in academia and industry. |
| dimers chemistry: Biological Pigments—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition , 2012-12-26 Biological Pigments—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Biological Pigments. The editors have built Biological Pigments—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Biological Pigments in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Biological Pigments—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/. |
| dimers chemistry: Fundamentals of Low Dimensional Magnets Ram K. Gupta, Sanjay R. Mishra, Tuan Anh Nguyen, 2022-08-29 A low-dimensional magnet is a key to the next generation of electronic devices. In some respects, low-dimensional magnets refer to nanomagnets (nanostructured magnets) or single-molecule magnets (molecular nanomagnets). They also include the group of magnetic nanoparticles, which have been widely used in biomedicine, technology, industries, and environmental remediation. Low-dimensional magnetic materials can be used effectively in the future in powerful computers (hard drives, magnetic random-access memory, ultra-low power consumption switches, etc.). The properties of these materials largely depend on the doping level, phase, defects, and morphology. This book covers various nanomagnets and magnetic materials. The basic concepts, various synthetic approaches, characterizations, and mathematical understanding of nanomaterials are provided. Some fundamental applications of 1D, 2D, and 3D materials are covered. This book provides the fundamentals of low-dimensional magnets along with synthesis, theories, structure-property relations, and applications of ferromagnetic nanomaterials. This book broadens our fundamental understanding of ferromagnetism and mechanisms for realization and advancement in devices with improved energy efficiency and high storage capacity. |
| dimers chemistry: Multiporphyrin Arrays Dongho Kim, 2012-01-12 This book provides a comprehensive review of the fundamentals and applications of multiporphyrin arrays ranging from basic spectroscopic features to a wide range of promising applications such as molecular wires, switches, sensors, artificial photosynthetic devices, and dye-sensitized solar cells based on a variety of multiporphyrin architectures u |
| dimers chemistry: Encyclopedia of Physical Organic Chemistry, 6 Volume Set Zerong Wang, Uta Wille, Eusebio Juaristi, 2017-04-17 Winner of 2018 PROSE Award for MULTIVOLUME REFERENCE/SCIENCE This encyclopedia offers a comprehensive and easy reference to physical organic chemistry (POC) methodology and techniques. It puts POC, a classical and fundamental discipline of chemistry, into the context of modern and dynamic fields like biochemical processes, materials science, and molecular electronics. Covers basic terms and theories into organic reactions and mechanisms, molecular designs and syntheses, tools and experimental techniques, and applications and future directions Includes coverage of green chemistry and polymerization reactions Reviews different strategies for molecular design and synthesis of functional molecules Discusses computational methods, software packages, and more than 34 kinds of spectroscopies and techniques for studying structures and mechanisms Explores applications in areas from biology to materials science The Encyclopedia of Physical Organic Chemistry has won the 2018 PROSE Award for MULTIVOLUME REFERENCE/SCIENCE. The PROSE Awards recognize the best books, journals and digital content produced by professional and scholarly publishers. Submissions are reviewed by a panel of 18 judges that includes editors, academics, publishers and research librarians who evaluate each work for its contribution to professional and scholarly publishing. You can find out more at: proseawards.com Also available as an online edition for your library, for more details visit Wiley Online Library |
| dimers chemistry: Density Functional Theory Eric Cancès, Gero Friesecke, 2023-07-18 Density functional theory (DFT) provides the most widely used models for simulating molecules and materials based on the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics. It plays a central role in a huge spectrum of applications in chemistry, physics, and materials science.Quantum mechanics describes a system of N interacting particles in the physical 3-dimensional space by a partial differential equation in 3N spatial variables. The standard numerical methods thus incur an exponential increase of computational effort with N, a phenomenon known as the curse of dimensionality; in practice these methods already fail beyond N=2. DFT overcomes this problem by 1) reformulating the N-body problem involving functions of 3N variables in terms of the density, a function of 3 variables, 2) approximating it by a pioneering hybrid approach which keeps important ab initio contributions and re-models the remainder in a data-driven way. This book intends to be an accessible, yet state-of-art text on DFT for graduate students and researchers in applied and computational mathematics, physics, chemistry, and materials science. It introduces and reviews the main models of DFT, covering their derivation and mathematical properties, numerical treatment, and applications. |
| dimers chemistry: Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry Reed M. Izatt, 2016-08-01 This book commemorates the 25th anniversary of the International Izatt-Christensen Award in Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry. The award, one of the most prestigious of small awards in chemistry, recognizes excellence in the developing field of macrocyclic and supramolecular chemistry Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry: How Izatt-Christensen Award Winners Shaped the Field features chapters written by the award recipients who provide unique perspectives on the spectacular growth in these expanding and vibrant fields of chemistry over the past half century, and on the role of these awardees in shaping this growth. During this time there has been an upsurge of interest in the design, synthesis and characterization of increasingly more complex macrocyclic ligands and in the application of this knowledge to understanding molecular recognition processes in host-guest chemistry in ways that were scarcely envisioned decades earlier. In October 2016, Professor Jean-Pierre Sauvage and Sir J. Fraser Stoddart (author for chapter 22 Contractile and Extensile Molecular Systems: Towards Molecular Muscles by Jean -Pierre Sauvage, Vincent Duplan, and Frédéric Niess and 20 Serendipity by Paul R. McGonigal and J. Fraser Stoddart respectively) were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry alongside fellow Wiley author Bernard Feringa, for the design and synthesis of molecular machines. |
| dimers chemistry: Crystallizing Ideas – The Role of Chemistry Ponnadurai Ramasami, Minu Gupta Bhowon, Sabina Jhaumeer Laulloo, Henri Li Kam Wah, 2016-06-29 Twenty-three carefully selected, peer-reviewed contributions from the International Conference on Pure and Applied Chemistry (ICPAC 2014) are featured in this edited book of proceedings. ICPAC 2014, a biennial meeting, was held in Mauritius in June 2014. The theme of the conference was “Crystallizing Ideas: The Role of Chemistry” and it matched the declaration of the year 2014 as the International Year of Crystallography. ICPAC 2014 was attended by 150 participants from 30 countries. The chapters in this book reflect a wide range of fundamental and applied research in chemistry and interdisciplinary subjects. Crystallizing Ideas - The Role of Chemistry is written for graduates, postgraduates, researchers in industry and academia who have an interest in the fields ranging from fundamental to applied chemistry. |
| dimers chemistry: Advanced Functional Materials Ashutosh Tiwari, Lokman Uzun, 2015-05-14 Because of their unique properties (size, shape, and surface functions), functional materials are gaining significant attention in the areas of energy conversion and storage, sensing, electronics, photonics, and biomedicine. Within the chapters of this book written by well-known researchers, one will find the range of methods that have been developed for preparation and functionalization of organic, inorganic and hybrid structures which are the necessary building blocks for the architecture of various advanced functional materials. The book discusses these innovative methodologies and research strategies, as well as provides a comprehensive and detailed overview of the cutting-edge research on the processing, properties and technology developments of advanced functional materials and their applications. Specifically, Advanced Functional Materials: Compiles the objectives related to functional materials and provides detailed reviews of fundamentals, novel production methods, and frontiers of functional materials, including metalic oxides, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, discotic liquid crystalline dimers, calixarenes, crown ethers, chitosan and graphene. Discusses the production and characterization of these materials, while mentioning recent approaches developed as well as their uses and applications for sensitive chemiresistors, optical and electronic materials, solar hydrogen generation, supercapacitors, display and organic light-emitting diodes, functional adsorbents, and antimicrobial and biocompatible layer formation. This volume in the Advanced Materials Book Series includes twelve chapters divided into two main areas: Part 1: Functional Metal Oxides: Architecture, Design and Applications and Part 2: Multifunctional Hybrid Materials: Fundamentals and Frontiers |
| dimers chemistry: Relativistic Quantum Chemistry Markus Reiher, Alexander Wolf, 2009-05-13 Written by two researchers in the field, this book is a reference to explain the principles and fundamentals in a self-contained, complete and consistent way. Much attention is paid to the didactical value, with the chapters interconnected and based on each other. From the contents: * Fundamentals * Relativistic Theory of a Free Electron: Diracï¿1⁄2s Equation * Dirac Theory of a Single Electron in a Central Potential * Many-Electron Theory I: Quantum Electrodynamics * Many-Electron Theory II: Dirac-Hartree-Fock Theory * Elimination of the Small Component * Unitary Transformation Schemes * Relativistic Density Functional Theory * Physical Observables and Molecular Properties * Interpretive Approach to Relativistic Quantum Chemistry From beginning to end, the authors deduce all the concepts and rules, such that readers are able to understand the fundamentals and principles behind the theory. Essential reading for theoretical chemists and physicists. |
| dimers chemistry: Index Medicus , 2004 Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings. |
| dimers chemistry: Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry I Jerzy Leszczynski, Manoj Shukla, 2012-01-02 Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry I: An Overview of the Last Two Decades and Current Trends gathers the advances made within the last 20 years by well-known experts in the area of theoretical and computational chemistry and physics. The title itself reflects the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of the “Conference on Current Trends in Computational Chemistry (CCTCC)” to which all authors have participated and contributed to its success. This volume poses (and answers) important questions of interest to the computational chemistry community and beyond. What is the historical background of the “Structural Chemistry”? Is there any way to avoid the problem of intruder state in the multi-reference formulation? What is the recent progress on multi-reference coupled cluster theory? Starting with a historical account of structural chemistry, the book focuses on the recent advances made in promising theories such as many body Brillouin-Wigner theory, multireference state-specific coupled cluster theory, relativistic effect in chemistry, linear and nonlinear optical properties of molecules, solution to Kohn-Sham problem, electronic structure of solid state materials, development of model core potential, quantum Monte Carlo method, nano and molecular electronics, dynamics of photodimerization and excited states, intermolecular interactions, hydrogen bonding and non-hydrogen bonding interactions, conformational flexibility, metal cations in zeolite catalyst and interaction of nucleic acid bases with minerals. Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry I: An Overview of the Last Two Decades and Current Trends is aimed at theoretical and computational chemists, physical chemists, materials scientists, and particularly those who are eager to apply computational chemistry methods to problem of chemical and physical importance. This book will provide valuable information to undergraduate, graduate, and PhD students as well as to established researchers. |
| dimers chemistry: Reaction Dynamics Involving Ions, Radicals, Neutral and Excited Species Stefano Falcinelli, Antonio Aguilar, Paolo Tosi, Marzio Rosi, 2020-01-22 |
| dimers chemistry: Lewis Acid-lewis Base Interactions: Mechanisms And Related Phenomena Slawomir J Grabowski, 2025-04-02 Inter- and intramolecular interactions that correspond to contacts between Lewis acid and Lewis base sites are considered in this monograph. Various types of interactions are described — halogen bond, pnictogen bond, hydrogen bond, etc. — and the mechanisms of these interactions as well as accompanying phenomena are presented. While we focus mainly on the σ-hole and π-hole concepts that explain the majority of such interactions, recent ideas that the interactions may be treated as the preliminary stages of chemical reactions, as well as the notion that the formation of interactions is in agreement with the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion model, are also discussed.Chapters are also dedicated to different experimental and theoretical approaches that are useful to analyze Lewis acid-base interactions. The crystal structures are the main source on molecular structures and interactions. Thus, we cover conventional experimental tools such as X-ray and neutron diffraction approaches, as well as newer methods for experimental electron density. An approach applied to analyze Hirshfeld surfaces is also described. On the computational front, the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) method, Non-Covalent Interactions (NCI) approach, Electron Localization Function (ELF) method, Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) approach, the Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA), the Car-Parinello molecular dynamics (CPMD), and others are included. |
| dimers chemistry: Lipid Oxidation Amy S. Logan, Uwe Nienaber, Xiangqing (Shawn) Pan, 2015-08-15 Lipid oxidation in food systems is one of the most important factors which affect food quality, nutrition, safety, color and consumers' acceptance. The control of lipid oxidation remains an ongoing challenge as most foods constitute very complex matrices. Lipids are mostly incorporated as emulsions, and chemical reactions occur at various interfaces throughout the food matrix. Recently, incorporation of healthy lipids into food systems to deliver the desired nutrients is becoming more popular in the food industry. Many food ingredients contain a vast array of components, many of them unknown or constituting diverse or undefined molecular structures making the need in the food industry to develop effective approaches to mitigate lipid oxidation in food systems. This book provides recent perspectives aimed at a better understanding of lipid oxidation mechanisms and strategies to improve the oxidative stability of food systems. - Five chapters on naturally-derived antioxidants that focus on applications within food systems - Contributors include an international group of leading researchers from academic, industrial, and governmental entities - Discusses the oxidative stability of enzymatically produced oils and fats - Provides overviews on the complexities of lipid oxidation mechanisms, and emulsion systems most suseptible to rapid lipid oxidation |
| dimers chemistry: Electrochemistry for Bioanalysis Bhavik A. Patel, 2021-01-23 Electrochemistry for Bioanalysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and challenges of the application of electrochemical and electroanalytical techniques for measurement in biological samples. The book presents detailed information on measurement in a host of various biological samples from single cells, tissues and in vivo. Sections cover real insights surrounding key experimental design and measurement within multiple complex biological environments. Finally, users will find discussions on emerging topics such as electrogenerated chemiluminescence and the use of additive manufacturing for biosensor fabrication. Continuous learning reinforcement throughout the book, including problems for self-assessment, make this an ideal resource. - Balances the fundamentals of electrochemical and neurochemical methods with current advances in the field of bioanalysis - Includes self-assessment scenarios on experimental design and validation to teach readers key factors and considerations in measurement - Highlights applications (such as sensors and biosensors) and key points within each chapter |
| dimers chemistry: Chemical Science of π-Electron Systems Takeshi Akasaka, Atsuhiro Osuka, Shunichi Fukuzumi, Hideki Kandori, Yoshio Aso, 2015-11-05 This book presents the most advanced review available of all aspects of π-electron systems, including novel structures, new synthetic protocols, chemical and physical properties, spectroscopic and computational insights, molecular engineering, device properties and physiological properties. π-Electron systems are ubiquitous in nature. Plants convert light energy into chemical energy by photosynthetic processes, in which chlorophylls and other porphyrinoids play an important role. On the one hand, research to learn about photosynthesis from nature has led to understanding of electron and energy transfer processes and to achieving artificial energy conversion systems inspired by nature. On the other hand, recent advances in organic and inorganic chemistry make it possible to construct novel π-electron systems that had never existed in nature. The authors of this book are from a variety of research fields including organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, materials science, and biology, providing a comprehensive overview of π-electron systems for a broad readership. Not only specialists but also graduate students working in π-electron systems will find the book of great interest. Throughout, the diverse potential for future fruitful applications of π-electron systems is revealed to the reader. |
| dimers chemistry: Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry Jerzy Leszczynski, Manoj Shukla, 2009-10-03 Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry presents contributions on a range of aspects of Computational Chemistry applied to a variety of research fields. The chapters focus on recent theoretical developments which have been used to investigate structures and properties of large systems with minimal computational resources. Studies include those in the gas phase, various solvents, various aspects of computational multiscale modeling, Monte Carlo simulations, chirality, the multiple minima problem for protein folding, the nature of binding in different species and dihydrogen bonds, carbon nanotubes and hydrogen storage, adsorption and decomposition of organophosphorus compounds, X-ray crystallography, proton transfer, structure-activity relationships, a description of the REACH programs of the European Union for chemical regulatory purposes, reactions of nucleic acid bases with endogenous and exogenous reactive oxygen species and different aspects of nucleic acid bases, base pairs and base tetrads. |
| dimers chemistry: Metals in Biology Graeme Hanson, Lawrence Berliner, 2010-03-11 Metal ions in biology is an ever expanding area in science and medicine involving metal ions in proteins and enzymes, their biosynthesis, catalysis, electron transfer, metal ion trafficking, gene regulation and disease. While X-ray crystallography has provided snapshots of the geometric structures of the active site redox cofactors in these proteins, the application of high resolution EPR spectroscopy in conjunction with quantum chemistry calculations has enabled, in many cases, a detailed understanding of a metalloenzymes mechanism through investigations of the geometric and electronic structure of the resting, enzyme-substrate intermediates and product complexes. This volume, Part II of a two-volume set demonstrates the application of high resolution EPR spectroscopy in determining the geometric and electronic structure of active site metal ion centers in iron sulfur cluster containing metalloproteins, mononuclear molybdenum metalloenzymes, manganese-containing enzymes and novel metalloproteins. |
| dimers chemistry: Handbook of Fullerene Science and Technology Xing Lu, Takeshi Akasaka, Zdeněk Slanina, 2022-09-24 Nanocarbon chemistry and physics is a fast-developing, broad research area – the Nobel prizes in 1996 and 2010 awarded to two key discoveries in the field, and several other nanocarbon achievements of comparable importance. Owing to this rapid growth, the nanocarbon landscape fundamentally changes every few years, creating a need to survey the field on a regular basis to update the books that have become incomplete or even obsolete. As such, this book focuses on fullerenes and metallofullerenes and also on the related areas of nanotubes and graphenes. All the covered research topics provide important fundamental knowledge for the natural sciences, but also for applications in molecular electronics, superconductivity, catalysis, photovoltaics and medical diagnostics. The current nanocarbon research activities have particularly high application potential in the conversion of solar energy, future molecular memories, non-conventional materials for optoelectronics, and new treatments for civilization diseases. Offering a truly up-to-date critical survey of nanocarbon science, its concepts and highlights, it follows the concept of a handbook: it addresses key topics systematically, from historical background, methodological aspects, current important issues, and application potential, all supplied with extensive referencing. With individual chapters written by leading experts with extensive research experience, it is a comprehensive reference resource for graduate students and active researchers alike. |
| dimers chemistry: Isotope Effects In Chemistry and Biology Amnon Kohen, Hans-Heinrich Limbach, 2005-11-01 The field of isotope effects has expanded exponentially in the last decade, and researchers are finding isotopes increasingly useful in their studies. Bringing literature on the subject up to date, Isotope Effects in Chemistry and Biology covers current principles, methods, and a broad range of applications of isotope effects in the physical, biolo |
| dimers chemistry: NMR in Supramolecular Chemistry M. Pons, 2012-12-06 NMR is better suited than any other experimental technique for the characterization of supramolecular systems in solution. The presentations included here can be broadly divided into three classes. The first class illustrates the state of the art in the design of supramolecular systems and includes examples of different classes of supramolecular complexes: catenanes, rotaxanes, hydrogen-bonded rosettes, tubes, capsules, dendrimers, and metal-containing hosts. The second class comprises contributions to NMR methods that can be applied to address the main structural problems that arise in supramolecular chemistry. The third class includes biological supramolecular systems studied by state-of-the-art NMR techniques. |
| dimers chemistry: On the Catalytic Efficacy of Low-Oxidation State Group 14 Complexes Terrance John Hadlington, 2017-02-14 This outstanding thesis describes a detailed investigation into the use of low-oxidation-state group 14 complexes in catalysis, developed at the cutting edge of inorganic and organometallic chemistry. It includes the preparation of a number of landmark compounds, some of which challenge our current understanding of metal–metal bonding and low-oxidation-state main group chemistry. Among the many highlights of this thesis, the standout result is the development of the first well-defined, low- oxidation-state main group hydride systems as highly efficient catalysts in the hydroboration of carbonyl substrates, including carbon dioxide, which are as efficient as those observed in more traditional, transition-metal catalyses. These results essentially define a new subdiscipline of chemistry. |
| dimers chemistry: Chemistry of Protein and Nucleic Acid Cross-Linking and Conjugation Shan S. Wong, David M. Jameson, 2011-10-10 Since the publication of the first edition of Chemistry of Protein Conjugation and Cross-Linking in 1991, new cross-linking reagents, notably multifunctional cross-linkers, have been developed and synthesized. The completion of the human genome project has opened a new area for studying nucleic acid and protein interactions using nucleic acid cross |
| dimers chemistry: Handbook of Nanoscience, Engineering, and Technology William A. Goddard III, Donald Brenner, Sergey Edward Lyshevski, Gerald J Iafrate, 2007-05-03 The ability to study and manipulate matter at the nanoscale is the defining feature of 21st-century science. The first edition of the standard-setting Handbook of Nanoscience, Engineering, and Technology saw the field through its infancy. Reassembling the preeminent team of leading scientists and researchers from all areas of nanoscience and nanote |
| dimers chemistry: Handbook on Oleoresin and Pine Chemicals (Rosin, Terpene Derivatives, Tall Oil, Resin & Dimer Acids) H. Panda, 2008-10-01 Pines are known to mankind from the time immemorial. It offers both direct uses, as well as indirect uses specially soil conservation. Initially it was used mainly for fuel; their branches were used for festivals etc. Pines besides being a source of valuable timber, pulpwood, yield pitch, tar, rosin, colophony and turpentine, collectively known as naval stores, a term coined to these owning to their use for construction and maintenance of sailing vessels as sealing compounds for their wooden hulls. The genius pine species tapped for their oleoresin in different countries. A variety of oleoresins are extracted from various plants. Pine oleoresin being the most important one is extracted from pine trees. Turpentine and rosin are two constituent parts of the pine oleoresins. The composition of turpentine varies considerably according to the species of pine exploited. More and more specialised uses are being found for pine resin products, particularly those of high quality. Turpentine derived from pine resin is also used as a source of aroma chemicals in flavour and fragrance industry. Pinewood chemicals are effectively gained from the trees in three principal ways; treatment of exuded gum from living pines, processing the wood stumps and wastes of aged trees and treatment of black liquor obtained as a byproduct in wood pulp industry. There are two steps involved in production of oleoresin; olustee gum cleaning process and recovery of turpentine and rosin: batch and continuous process. The panorama of base catalysed isomerisations of terpenes is an important part of aroma chemistry. Major contributions in this area are presented here under sections on hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters and epoxides. Tall oil is a by product of the pine wood use to make sulfate pulp. Tall oil products find use in many product applications because of their economy and ready availability. The principal industrial applications of tall oil products are numerous; adhesives, carbon paper, detergents, driers, drilling fluids, oils, gloss oils, paper size, plasticizers, printing inks, soaps, textile oils etc. Some of the fundamentals are pine oleoresin extraction methods, occurrence, formation and exudation of oleoresin in pines, processing of oleoresin, rosin derivatives and its potential, new developments in rosin ester and dimer chemistry, terpene based adhesives, effect of solvent, ozone concentration and temperature on yields were investigated, sylvestrene and some of its derivatives, homopolymers and copolymers of acrylates, polymers and copolymers of vinyl pinolate, base catalysed isomerisations of terpenes, components of pine roots, insecticides based on turpentine, the general characteristics of dimer acids, structure and properties of dimer acids etc. The present book has been published having in views the important uses of pines. The book contains manufacturing process of different products extracted from pines like oleoresin, rosin, turpentine derivatives, tall oil, resins and dimer acids etc. This is the first book of its kind which is very resourceful for all from researchers to professionals. TAGS Best small and cottage scale industries, Business consultancy, Business consultant, Business guidance to clients, Business guidance, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Business: tall (oil) tale of pine chemicals, Detailed Explanation of Pine Chemicals, Great Opportunity for Startup, Handbook on Oleoresin and Pine Chemicals, How to Start a Pine Chemicals Industry?, How to Start a Pine Chemicals Production Business, How to start a successful Oleoresin production business, How to Start Oleoresin and Pine Chemicals Industry in India, Manufacturing of Dimer Acids, Manufacturing of Resin, Manufacturing of Tall Oil, Manufacturing of Terpene, Manufacturing Process of Rosin, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Pine Chemicals Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Oleoresin processing industry, Oleoresin and Pine Chemicals, Oleoresin extraction process, Oleoresin Making Small Business Manufacturing, Oleoresin Processing Industry in India, Oleoresin Processing Projects, Oleoresin Science and technology, Oleoresins from Pine: Production and Industrial Uses, Peroxides from Turpentine, Pine Chemicals and Oleoresins Business, Pine Chemicals Based Profitable Projects, Pine Chemicals Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Pine Chemicals Business, Pine Chemicals making machine factory, Pine chemicals oleoresin, Pine Oleoresin Extraction & Processing, Pine Oleoresin Extraction, Pinonic Acid, Pinus, Preparation of Project Profiles, Process technology books, Processing Of Oleoresin, Production Processes for Tall Oil, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Oleoresins Manufacturing, Project for startups, Project identification and selection, Resin manufacturing process, Rosin Derivatives, Rosin Ester and Dimer Chemistry, Setting up and opening your Pine Chemicals Business, Small scale Commercial Oleoresin making, Small scale Oleoresin production line, Small Scale Pine Chemicals Processing Projects, Small Start-up Business Project, Start an Oleo Resins Extraction Plant, Start Up India, Stand Up India, Starting a Oleoresin Processing Business, Start-up Business Plan for Pine Chemicals and Oleoresins, Startup ideas, Startup Project for Oleoresin extraction, Startup Project for Pine Chemicals, Startup project plan, Startup Project, Startup, Terpene based Adhesives, Terpene Derivatives, Terpene Resins, Terpenoids, Turpentine, Wood Turpentine Oil from Pine Stumps |
| dimers chemistry: Atom - Molecule Collision Theory Richard Barry Bernstein, 2013-11-11 The broad field of molecular collisions is one of considerable current interest, one in which there is a great deal of research activity, both experi mental and theoretical. This is probably because elastic, inelastic, and reactive intermolecular collisions are of central importance in many of the fundamental processes of chemistry and physics. One small area of this field, namely atom-molecule collisions, is now beginning to be understood from first principles. Although the more general subject of the collisions of polyatomic molecules is of great im portance and intrinsic interest, it is still too complex from the viewpoint of theoretical understanding. However, for atoms and simple molecules the essential theory is well developed, and computational methods are sufficiently advanced that calculations can now be favorably compared with experimental results. This coming together of the subject (and, incidentally, of physicists and chemists !), though still in an early stage, signals that the time is ripe for an appraisal and review of the theoretical basis of atom-molecule collisions. It is especially important for the experimentalist in the field to have a working knowledge of the theory and computational methods required to describe the experimentally observable behavior of the system. By now many of the alternative theoretical approaches and computational procedures have been tested and intercompared. More-or-Iess optimal methods for dealing with each aspect are emerging. In many cases working equations, even schematic algorithms, have been developed, with assumptions and caveats delineated. |
| dimers chemistry: CRC Handbook of Organic Photochemistry and Photobiology, Third Edition - Two Volume Set Axel Griesbeck, Michael Oelgemöller, Francesco Ghetti, 2019-04-05 The only combined organic photochemistry and photobiology handbookAs spectroscopic, synthetic and biological tools become more and more sophisticated, photochemistry and photobiology are merging-making interdisciplinary research essential. Following in the footsteps of its bestselling predecessors, the CRC Handbook of Organic Photochemistry and Pho |
| dimers chemistry: Advanced Self-assembled Materials with Programmable Functions Huacheng Zhang, Isurika R. Fernando, Jie Han, Truc Kim Nguyen, Jingbo Louise Liu, 2022-05-04 |
| dimers chemistry: CRC Handbook of Organic Photochemistry and Photobiology, Volumes 1 & 2 William M. Horspool, Francesco Lenci, 2003-09-29 The second edition of this best-selling handbook is bigger, more comprehensive, and now completely current. In addition to thorough updates to the discussions featured in the first edition, this edition includes 66 new chapters that reflect recent developments, new applications, and emerging areas of interest. Within the handbook's 145 critically r |
| dimers chemistry: Fundamental and Biomedical Aspects of Redox Processes Duca, Gheorghe, Vaseashta, Ashok, 2023-06-01 Redox processes represent a major advancement in water treatment technology and have other applications across environmental and technological contexts. Redox processes must be studied further to ensure they are utilized appropriately. Fundamental and Biomedical Aspects of Redox Processes accumulates new knowledge regarding the essence of the oxidation-reduction processes, the justification of key mechanisms, and the discovery of new aspects of methods of controlling redox reactions. Covering key topics such as wastewater treatment, soil, natural waters, and chemistry, this reference work is ideal for industry professionals, scientists, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students. |
| dimers chemistry: Nucleic Acids Chemistry Ramon Eritja, 2021-01-18 This book compiles recent research on the modification of nucleic acids. It covers backbone modifications and conjugation of lipids, peptides and proteins to oligonucleotides and their therapeutic use. Synthesis and application in biomedicine and nanotechnology of aptamers, fluorescent and xeno nucleic acids, DNA repair and artificial DNA are discussed as well. |
| dimers chemistry: Chemical Biology Tools for Peptide and Protein Research Yu-Hsuan Tsai, Hideo Iwaï, Klaus Pors, Tao Peng, 2022-03-14 |
| dimers chemistry: NBS Special Publication , 1968 |
| dimers chemistry: Publications United States. National Bureau of Standards, 1986 |
| dimers chemistry: Women in Science: Chemistry Jennifer L. Schaefer, Elisabeth Lojou, Svetlana Ivanova, Silvia Giordani, Qin Li, 2022-02-08 |
Dimers
Jun 3, 2025 · Get free daily sports betting picks, predictions and best bets at Dimers. Browse betting site reviews and promos for US players, plus odds for all major pro and college sports.
Dimerization - Wikipedia
In chemistry, dimerization is the process of joining two identical or similar molecular entities by bonds. The resulting bonds can be either strong or weak. Many symmetrical chemical species …
What Is a Dimer? (with picture) - AllTheScience
May 21, 2024 · What Is a Dimer? A dimer is a chemical compound that consists of two monomers, or subunits, which are structurally similar. Two similar molecules bonded together form a …
Dimers – Knowledge and References – Taylor & Francis
A dimer is a molecule that is formed by the covalent combination of two monomers or the reversible association of two similar (or nearly similar) molecules. It can also be formed …
Dimer | Definition, Types & Examples - Lesson | Study.com
Nov 21, 2023 · Learn what is a dimer and how protein dimers form. Distinguish between homodimers vs heterodimers, and see examples of different dimers, such as a DNA dimer. …
Dimers Bettorverse
Our innovative, AI-based models are designed to transform the way you bet on sports. The Dimers Bettorverse has launched with MLB Moneylines and will expand to other sports …
MLB Predictions Today for All Games ⚾️ [Updated Daily] - Dimers
3 days ago · From Opening Day to the World Series, Dimers delivers sharp, daily MLB predictions for every matchup—no matter who's playing or when. Built by our team of expert data analysts …
Best Bets Today for All Sports: Thursday's Picks Revealed …
Jan 16, 2025 · For unlimited access to everything Dimers has to offer—including our complete suite of 2025-01-16 picks and best bets—check out Dimers Pro. Having simulated today's …
Dimers - Wikipedia
Dimers is a sports betting analytics platform that provides predictive tools, data-driven insights, news, and betting content for sports fans and bettors. [1] Operating under the umbrella of …
Dimers | Journal of New Developments in Chemistry
Dimers refer to a class of molecules composed of two identical molecules joined together. In chemistry, dimers play an important role in various physical and chemical phenomena …
Dimers
Jun 3, 2025 · Get free daily sports betting picks, predictions and best bets at Dimers. Browse betting site reviews and promos for US players, plus …
Dimerization - Wikipedia
In chemistry, dimerization is the process of joining two identical or similar molecular entities by bonds. The resulting bonds can be either strong …
What Is a Dimer? (with picture) - AllTheScience
May 21, 2024 · What Is a Dimer? A dimer is a chemical compound that consists of two monomers, or subunits, which are structurally similar. Two similar …
Dimers – Knowledge and References – Taylor & Francis
A dimer is a molecule that is formed by the covalent combination of two monomers or the reversible association of two similar (or nearly similar) …
Dimer | Definition, Types & Examples - Lesson | Study.com
Nov 21, 2023 · Learn what is a dimer and how protein dimers form. Distinguish between homodimers vs heterodimers, and see examples of …
