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| define representativeness heuristic: Judgment Under Uncertainty Daniel Kahneman, Paul Slovic, Amos Tversky, 1982-04-30 Thirty-five chapters describe various judgmental heuristics and the biases they produce, not only in laboratory experiments, but in important social, medical, and political situations as well. Most review multiple studies or entire subareas rather than describing single experimental studies. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Heuristic Reasoning Emiliano Ippoliti, 2014-09-05 How can we advance knowledge? Which methods do we need in order to make new discoveries? How can we rationally evaluate, reconstruct and offer discoveries as a means of improving the ‘method’ of discovery itself? And how can we use findings about scientific discovery to boost funding policies, thus fostering a deeper impact of scientific discovery itself? The respective chapters in this book provide readers with answers to these questions. They focus on a set of issues that are essential to the development of types of reasoning for advancing knowledge, such as models for both revolutionary findings and paradigm shifts; ways of rationally addressing scientific disagreement, e.g. when a revolutionary discovery sparks considerable disagreement inside the scientific community; frameworks for both discovery and inference methods; and heuristics for economics and the social sciences. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Cognitive Science Jay Friedenberg, Gordon Silverman, 2006 This landmark textbook introduces students to everything that the world's great thinkers think about thought. Throughout history, different fields of inquiry have attempted to understand the great mystery of mind and answer questions like: What is mind? How does it operate? What is consciousness? Only recently have these efforts in traditional and cutting edge disciplines become more united in their focus. Cognitive Science is the comprehensive result of the authors' drawing together of this work. Cognitive Science is the perfect introductory textbook for cross-disciplinary courses on the mind in psychology, linguistics, philosophy, and computer science. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Medical Decision Making Harold C. Sox, Michael C. Higgins, Douglas K. Owens, Gillian Sanders Schmidler, 2024-02-27 MEDICAL DECISION MAKING Detailed resource showing how to best make medical decisions while incorporating clinical practice guidelines and decision support systems Sir William Osler, a legendary physician of an earlier era, once said, Medicine is a science of uncertainty and an art of probability. In Osler’s day, and now, decisions about treatment often cannot wait until the diagnosis is certain. Medical Decision Making is about how to make the best possible decision given that uncertainty. The book shows how to tailor decisions under uncertainty to achieve the best outcome based on published evidence, features of a patient’s illness, and the patient’s preferences. Medical Decision Making describes a powerful framework for helping clinicians and their patients reach decisions that lead to outcomes that the patient prefers. That framework contains the key principles of patient-centered decision-making in clinical practice. Since the first edition of Medical Decision Making in 1988, the authors have focused on explaining key concepts and illustrating them with clinical examples. For the Third Edition, every chapter has been revised and updated. Written by four distinguished and highly qualified authors, Medical Decision Making includes information on: How to consider the possible causes of a patient’s illness and decide on the probability of the most important diagnoses. How to measure the accuracy of a diagnostic test. How to help patients express their concerns about the risks that they face and how an illness may affect their lives. How to describe uncertainty about how an illness may change over time. How to construct and analyze decision trees. How to identify the threshold for doing a test or starting treatment How to apply these concepts to the design of practice guidelines and medical policy making. Medical Decision Making is a valuable resource for clinicians, medical trainees, and students of decision analysis who wish to fully understand and apply the principles of decision making to clinical practice. |
| define representativeness heuristic: The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Economics and the Law Eyal Zamir, Doron Teichman, 2014 'The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Economics and Law' brings together leading scholars of law, psychology, and economics to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of this field of research, including its strengths and limitations as well as a forecast of its future development. Its twenty-nine chapters are organized into four parts. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Thinking, Fast and Slow Daniel Kahneman, 2011-11-01 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER The guru to the gurus at last shares his knowledge with the rest of us. Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman's seminal studies in behavioral psychology, behavioral economics, and happiness studies have influenced numerous other authors, including Steven Pinker and Malcolm Gladwell. In Thinking, Fast and Slow, Kahneman at last offers his own, first book for the general public. It is a lucid and enlightening summary of his life's work. It will change the way you think about thinking. Two systems drive the way we think and make choices, Kahneman explains: System One is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System Two is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. Examining how both systems function within the mind, Kahneman exposes the extraordinary capabilities as well as the biases of fast thinking and the pervasive influence of intuitive impressions on our thoughts and our choices. Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, he shows where we can trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking, contrasting the two-system view of the mind with the standard model of the rational economic agent. Kahneman's singularly influential work has transformed cognitive psychology and launched the new fields of behavioral economics and happiness studies. In this path-breaking book, Kahneman shows how the mind works, and offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and personal lives--and how we can guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Evidence-Based Technical Analysis David Aronson, 2011-07-11 Evidence-Based Technical Analysis examines how you can apply the scientific method, and recently developed statistical tests, to determine the true effectiveness of technical trading signals. Throughout the book, expert David Aronson provides you with comprehensive coverage of this new methodology, which is specifically designed for evaluating the performance of rules/signals that are discovered by data mining. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Heuristic Inquiry Nevine Sultan, 2018-04-27 Focused on exploring human experience from an authentic researcher perspective, Heuristic Inquiry: Researching Human Experience Holistically presents heuristic inquiry as a unique phenomenological, experiential, and relational approach to qualitative research that is also rigorous and evidence-based. Nevine Sultan describes a distinguishing perspective of this research that treats participants not as subjects of research but rather as co-researchers in an exploratory process marked by genuineness and intersubjectivity. Through the use of real-life examples illustrating the various processes of heuristic research, the book offers an understanding of heuristic inquiry that is straightforward and informal yet honors its creative, intuitive, and poly-dimensional nature. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Behavioral Economics and Smart Decision-Making Ankal Ahluwalia, 2025-01-03 The illustrations in this book are created by “Team Educohack”. Behavioral Economics and Smart Decision-Making explores the modern approach to economics, emphasizing the impact of psychology and human behavior. We delve into various theories within this field, including Prospect Theory, measurement principles, and heuristics and biases. Our book also discusses how behavioral management modernizes traditional management practices. Designed to enhance understanding, this book is an essential resource for anyone interested in the intersection of economics and psychology. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Principles of Risk Analysis Charles Yoe, 2019-01-30 In every decision problem there are things we know and things we do not know. Risk analysis science uses the best available evidence to assess what we know while it is carefully intentional in the way it addresses the importance of the things we do not know in the evaluation of decision choices and decision outcomes. The field of risk analysis science continues to expand and grow and the second edition of Principles of Risk Analysis: Decision Making Under Uncertainty responds to this evolution with several significant changes. The language has been updated and expanded throughout the text and the book features several new areas of expansion including five new chapters. The book’s simple and straightforward style—based on the author’s decades of experience as a risk analyst, trainer, and educator—strips away the mysterious aura that often accompanies risk analysis. Features: Details the tasks of risk management, risk assessment, and risk communication in a straightforward, conceptual manner Provides sufficient detail to empower professionals in any discipline to become risk practitioners Expands the risk management emphasis with a new chapter to serve private industry and a growing public sector interest in the growing practice of enterprise risk management Describes dozens of quantitative and qualitative risk assessment tools in a new chapter Practical guidance and ideas for using risk science to improve decisions and their outcomes is found in a new chapter on decision making under uncertainty Practical methods for helping risk professionals to tell their risk story are the focus of a new chapter Features an expanded set of examples of the risk process that demonstrate the growing applications of risk analysis As before, this book continues to appeal to professionals who want to learn and apply risk science in their own professions as well as students preparing for professional careers. This book remains a discipline free guide to the principles of risk analysis that is accessible to all interested practitioners. Files used in the creation of this book and additional exercises as well as a free student version of Palisade Corporation’s Decision Tools Suite software are available with the purchase of this book. A less detailed introduction to the risk analysis science tasks of risk management, risk assessment, and risk communication is found in Primer of Risk Analysis: Decision Making Under Uncertainty, Second Edition, ISBN: 978-1-138-31228-9. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Heuristics and Biases Thomas Gilovich, Dale Griffin, Daniel Kahneman, 2002-07-08 This book, first published in 2002, compiles psychologists' best attempts to answer important questions about intuitive judgment. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Essential Social Psychology Richard J Crisp, Rhiannon N Turner, 2014-09-15 From aggression to altruism, prejudice to persuasion, Essential Social Psychology 3e introduces students to the discoveries and debates that define social psychology today. It covers both classic and cutting edge research studies and provides plenty of real life examples and illustrations to help students to develop a good understanding of the subject whilst building the confidence to apply this knowledge successfully in assignments and exams. An extensive range of learning aids including a glossary, summary sections and memory maps – combined with an array of features on the student section of the companion website – will help reinforce this learning and check retention at specific milestones throughout the course. New to the third edition: A new full-colour design Two brand new chapters on Applied Social Psychology and Social Psychological Methods Coverage of some developing research perspectives including social neuroscience and evolutionary psychology New ‘Back to the Real World’ textboxes which situate academic findings in the context of the world around you An enhanced SAGE edgeTM companion website (study.sagepub.com/crispandturner3e) with a suite of features to enhance your learning experience. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Behavioral Finance H. Kent Baker, John R. Nofsinger, 2010-10-01 A definitive guide to the growing field of behavioral finance This reliable resource provides a comprehensive view of behavioral finance and its psychological foundations, as well as its applications to finance. Comprising contributed chapters written by distinguished authors from some of the most influential firms and universities in the world, Behavioral Finance provides a synthesis of the most essential elements of this discipline, including psychological concepts and behavioral biases, the behavioral aspects of asset pricing, asset allocation, and market prices, as well as investor behavior, corporate managerial behavior, and social influences. Uses a structured approach to put behavioral finance in perspective Relies on recent research findings to provide guidance through the maze of theories and concepts Discusses the impact of sub-optimal financial decisions on the efficiency of capital markets, personal wealth, and the performance of corporations Behavioral finance has quickly become part of mainstream finance. If you need to gain a better understanding of this topic, look no further than this book. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Simulation Theory Tim Short, 2015-01-09 Theory of Mind (ToM) is the term used for our ability to predict and explain the behaviour of ourselves and others. Accounts of this theory have so far fallen into two competing types: Simulation Theory and ‘Theory Theory’. In contrast with Theory Theory, Simulation Theory argues that we predict behaviour not by employing a model of people, but by replicating others’ thoughts and feelings. This book presents a novel defence of Simulation Theory, reviewing the major challenges against it and positing the theory as the most effective method for exploring how we know each other and ourselves. Drawing on key research in the field, chapters reopen the debates surrounding Theory of Mind and cover a variety of topics including schizophrenia with implications for experimental social psychology. In the past, one of the greatest criticisms against Simulation Theory is that it cannot explain systematic error in Theory of Mind. This book explores the rapidly developing heuristics and biases programme, pioneered by Kahneman and Tversky, to suggest that a novel bias mismatch defence available to Simulation Theory explains these systematic errors. Simulation Theory: A psychological and philosophical consideration will appeal to a range of researchers and academics, including psychologists from the fields of cognitive, social and developmental psychology, as well as philosophers, psychotherapists and practitioners looking for further research on Theory of Mind. The book will also be of relevance to those interested in autism, since it offers a new approach to Theory of Mind which explains central symptoms in autistic subjects. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Cognitive Processes in Choice and Decision Behavior Thomas S. Wallsten, 2024-05-01 Decision theory is a uniquely interdisciplinary field of study with contributions from economics, statistics, mathematics, philosophy, operations research, and psychology. The 1970s had seen important changes in research on behavioral decision theory in terms of a shift from a reliance on economic and statistical models to an emphasis on concepts drawn from cognitive psychology. Originally published in 1980, Cognitive Processes in Choice and Decision Behavior contains papers that explore the reasons why these changes had come about and discuss the future directions to which they pointed. It was clear at the time that research in behavioral decision theory was changing dramatically. The chapters in this book represent a good assessment of the reasons the changes were coming about and some of the merits and problems of the directions in which it was moving. Today it can be read in its historical context. |
| define representativeness heuristic: The Empire of Chance Gerd Gigerenzer, Zeno Swijtink, Theodore Porter, Lorraine Daston, John Beatty, Lorenz Kruger, 1990-10-26 The Empire of Chance tells how quantitative ideas of chance transformed the natural and social sciences, as well as daily life over the last three centuries. A continuous narrative connects the earliest application of probability and statistics in gambling and insurance to the most recent forays into law, medicine, polling and baseball. Separate chapters explore the theoretical and methodological impact in biology, physics and psychology. Themes recur - determinism, inference, causality, free will, evidence, the shifting meaning of probability - but in dramatically different disciplinary and historical contexts. In contrast to the literature on the mathematical development of probability and statistics, this book centres on how these technical innovations remade our conceptions of nature, mind and society. Written by an interdisciplinary team of historians and philosophers, this readable, lucid account keeps technical material to an absolute minimum. It is aimed not only at specialists in the history and philosophy of science, but also at the general reader and scholars in other disciplines. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Behavioural Economics: Understanding Human Decision-Making Dr. T Umapathy, 2024-09-12 The book “Behavioural Economics: Understanding Human Decision-Making” is an exhaustive guide to the fundamental concepts and applications of behavioural economics, with the objective of bridging the divide between conventional economic models and realistic human behaviour. It investigates the ways in which cognitive biases, heuristics, and psychological factors influence economic decisions, thereby contradicting the assumption that individuals always behave rationally. By means of a methodical approach, the book provides readers with a clear awareness of how processes of decision-making are shaped by emotions, social conventions, and risk assessments. The book is divided into ten well thought-out chapters, each of which begins with an overview of the development of economic theory and then on to discuss important topics including social preferences, prospect theory, and temporal preferences. It explores thoroughly the cognitive processes behind basic consumer purchases as well as more difficult financial investments, therefore guiding daily decisions. In the subsequent chapters, the practical applications of behavioural economics in markets, organisations, and public policy are examined, with a particular emphasis on the role of behavioural insights in addressing societal issues. It also offers a comprehensive framework for the development and assessment of behavioural interventions, which encompasses the ethical implications of prompting strategies. The book concludes by exploring the future of behavioural economics, including the integration of technology, experimental methodologies, and emergent research areas. This book gives readers the skills and information they need to comprehend and use behavioural economics in a variety of settings, whether they are studying it for academic credit or working in the field. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Thinking and Deciding Jonathan Baron, 2023-08-10 The fifth edition of the classic text Thinking and Deciding updates the broad overview of the field of judgments and decisions offered in previous editions. It covers the normative standards used to evaluate conclusions, such as logic, probability, and various forms of utility theory. It explains descriptive accounts of departures from these standards, largely in terms of principles of cognitive psychology, emphasizing the distinction between search processes and inferences. Chapters cover decisions under risk, decision analysis, moral decisions and social dilemmas, and decisions about the future. Although the book assumes no particular prerequisites beyond introductory high-school algebra, it is most suited to advanced undergraduates, early graduate students, and active researchers in related fields, such as business, politics, law, medicine, economics, and philosophy. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Bounded Rationality Gerd Gigerenzer, Reinhard Selten, 2002-07-26 In a complex and uncertain world, humans and animals make decisions under the constraints of limited knowledge, resources, and time. Yet models of rational decision making in economics, cognitive science, biology, and other fields largely ignore these real constraints and instead assume agents with perfect information and unlimited time. About forty years ago, Herbert Simon challenged this view with his notion of bounded rationality. Today, bounded rationality has become a fashionable term used for disparate views of reasoning. This book promotes bounded rationality as the key to understanding how real people make decisions. Using the concept of an adaptive toolbox, a repertoire of fast and frugal rules for decision making under uncertainty, it attempts to impose more order and coherence on the idea of bounded rationality. The contributors view bounded rationality neither as optimization under constraints nor as the study of people's reasoning fallacies. The strategies in the adaptive toolbox dispense with optimization and, for the most part, with calculations of probabilities and utilities. The book extends the concept of bounded rationality from cognitive tools to emotions; it analyzes social norms, imitation, and other cultural tools as rational strategies; and it shows how smart heuristics can exploit the structure of environments. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Decision Making for Educational Leaders Bob L. Johnson Jr., Sharon D. Kruse, 2012-02-01 A guide to decision making for school administrators. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Uncertain Judgements Anthony O'Hagan, Caitlin E. Buck, Alireza Daneshkhah, J. Richard Eiser, Paul H. Garthwaite, David J. Jenkinson, Jeremy E. Oakley, Tim Rakow, 2006-08-30 Elicitation is the process of extracting expert knowledge about some unknown quantity or quantities, and formulating that information as a probability distribution. Elicitation is important in situations, such as modelling the safety of nuclear installations or assessing the risk of terrorist attacks, where expert knowledge is essentially the only source of good information. It also plays a major role in other contexts by augmenting scarce observational data, through the use of Bayesian statistical methods. However, elicitation is not a simple task, and practitioners need to be aware of a wide range of research findings in order to elicit expert judgements accurately and reliably. Uncertain Judgements introduces the area, before guiding the reader through the study of appropriate elicitation methods, illustrated by a variety of multi-disciplinary examples. This is achieved by: Presenting a methodological framework for the elicitation of expert knowledge incorporating findings from both statistical and psychological research. Detailing techniques for the elicitation of a wide range of standard distributions, appropriate to the most common types of quantities. Providing a comprehensive review of the available literature and pointing to the best practice methods and future research needs. Using examples from many disciplines, including statistics, psychology, engineering and health sciences. Including an extensive glossary of statistical and psychological terms. An ideal source and guide for statisticians and psychologists with interests in expert judgement or practical applications of Bayesian analysis, Uncertain Judgements will also benefit decision-makers, risk analysts, engineers and researchers in the medical and social sciences. |
| define representativeness heuristic: The Mind in Therapy Katherine D. Arbuthnott, Dennis W. Arbuthnott, Valerie A. Thompson, 2014-02-04 Human mental capacities and processes are the raw materials with which psychotherapists work. Thus what cognitive scientists have discovered in recent decades is potentially tremendous value for psychotherapeutic practice. But the new knowledge is not readily accessible to therapists, who find both language and methodology off-putting. The Mind in Therapy bridges the gap. It offers a comprehensive overview of the relevant range of cognitive activities, ranging from complex mental operations such as problem solving, decision making, reasoning, and metacognition to basic functions such as attention, memory, and emotion. The authors integrate key new findings about the interaction between cognition and emotion, inhibition, and counterfactual thinking--processes that loom large in practice. Each chapter reviews an area of cognitive research, clearly explains the findings, and highlights their implications and applications in diverse models of therapy--cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, and family. Each includes case vignettes that illustrate the ways in which the concepts are important and useful in practice. All therapists rely on the human mind to effect the change they seek. The clearer understanding of human cognitive capacities, idiosyncrasies, and limitations--their own as well as clients'--that they will gain from this book will enhance the effectiveness of both beginning and experienced practitioners, whatever their orientation. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Bounded Rationality Sanjit S. Dhami, Cass R. Sunstein, 2022 An accessible and self-contained treatment of the current state of thinking about rationality in economics and other social sciences-- |
| define representativeness heuristic: The Psychology of Successful Trading Tim Short, 2017-11-22 This book is the first to demonstrate the practical implications of an important, yet under-considered area of psychology in helping traders and investors understand the biases and attribution errors that drive unpredictable behaviour on the trading floor. Readers will improve their chances of trading successfully by learning where cognitive biases lead to errors in stock analysis and how these biases can be used to predict behavior in market participants. Focusing on the three major types of bias—Belief-Formation, Quasi-Economic, and Social—the book provides a rigorous discussion of the literature before explaining how each of these biases plays out in financial markets. The author brings together the fields of philosophical psychology and behavioral finance to introduce theory of mind, providing readers with tools to predict biases in others as well as using these predictions to form optimal trading strategies for themselves. Readers will also learn to understand their own behaviors, counteracting biases such as overconfidence and conformity—and the curse of their own knowledge—to strengthen trade performance. Pairing his skill and experience with an extensive research bibliography, Short positions the foundational sources of cognitive biases alongside concrete examples, experimental designs, and trader’s anecdotes, helping readers to apply theoretical guidelines to real-life scenarios. Shrewd professionals and MBA students will benefit from The Psychology of Successful Trading’s intuitive structure and practical focus. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Psychology in Action Karen R. Huffman, Katherine Dowdell, Catherine A. Sanderson, 2017-11-13 Psychology in Action, 12e is a comprehensive introductory Psychology product that fosters active learning and provides a wealth of tools that empower students to master and make connections between the key concepts. Students will leave the classroom with a solid foundation in basic psychology that will serve them in their daily lives no matter what their chosen field of study and career path. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Exploring Management John R. Schermerhorn, 2011-10-11 The primary goal of this edition of Exploring Managementis to help build core management competencies for today's global and more complex workplace, including issues related to planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (POLC) - with more hands-on type materials such as cases, exercises, and application. Schermerhorn uses a conversational and interactive writing style to master concepts in a bite-size and fundamental approach. This text presents managerial concepts and theory in a straight-forward, interesting style with a strong emphasis on application. The discussion of theory is framed in a unique, engaging, and concise way. The goal is to promote critical thinking and ability to make sound business decisions using managerial theory. Concepts are explored and reinforced by most hands-on applications, exercises, cases, and the integration of technology. The text also focuses on the most important aspects of the POLC model, emphasizing skill-building. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Screening for Depression in Clinical Practice Alex J. Mitchell, MRCPsych, James C. Coyne, PhD, 2009-12-02 Mood disorders are a global health issue. National guidance for their detection and management have been published in the US and in Europe. Despite this, the rate at which depression is recognized and managed in primary and secondary care settings remains low and suggests that many clinicians are still unsure how to screen people for mood disorders. Against the backdrop of this problem, the editors of this volume have designed a book with a dynamic two-fold purpose: to provide an evidence-based overview of screening methods for mood disorders, and to synthesize the evidence into a practical guide for clinicians in a variety of settings--from cardiologists and oncologists, to primary care physicians and neurologists, among others. The volume considers all important aspects of depression screening, from the overview of specific scales, to considerations of technological approaches to screening, and to the examination of screening with neurological disorders, prenatal care, cardiovascular conditions, and diabetes and cancer care, among others. This book is sure to capture the attention of any clinician with a stake in depression screening. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Cognitive Behavioural Processes Across Psychological Disorders Allison G. Harvey, Edward Watkins, Warren Mansell, 2004 Readership: Academics, clinical psychologists and psychiatrists, cognitive behavioural therapists, and undergraduate and postgraduate students in clinical psychology |
| define representativeness heuristic: Exploring Management John R. Schermerhorn, Jr, 2009-12-30 Exploring Management, Second Edition by John Schermerhorn, presents a new and exciting approach in teaching and learning the principles of management. This text is organized within a unique learning system tailored to students’ reading and study styles. It offers a clean, engaging and innovative approach that motivates students and helps them understand and master management principles. |
| define representativeness heuristic: You Are Not So Smart David McRaney, 2011-10-27 An entertaining illumination of the stupid beliefs that make us feel wise, based on the popular blog of the same name. Whether you’re deciding which smartphone to purchase or which politician to believe, you think you are a rational being whose every decision is based on cool, detached logic. But here’s the truth: You are not so smart. You’re just as deluded as the rest of us—but that’s okay, because being deluded is part of being human. Growing out of David McRaney’s popular blog, You Are Not So Smart reveals that every decision we make, every thought we contemplate, and every emotion we feel comes with a story we tell ourselves to explain them. But often these stories aren’t true. Each short chapter—covering topics such as Learned Helplessness, Selling Out, and the Illusion of Transparency—is like a psychology course with all the boring parts taken out. Bringing together popular science and psychology with humor and wit, You Are Not So Smart is a celebration of our irrational, thoroughly human behavior. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour 6th Edition Richard Gross, 2012-03-30 500,000 students later Gross continues to set the standard for Psychology textbooks. This thoroughly updated edition is colourful, engaging, and packed with features that help students to understand and evaluate classic and contemporary Psychology. Gross is the 'bible' for students of Psychology and anyone in related fields such as Counselling, Nursing and Social Work who needs a reliable, catch-all text. All the major domains of Psychology are covered in detail across 50 manageable chapters that will help you get to grips with anything from the nervous system to memory, from attachment to personality, and everything in-between. A final section on issues and debates allows students to cast a critical eye on the research process, to explore the nature of Psychology as an evolving science, and understand some of the ethical issues faced by Psychologists. - Brings contemporary Psychology alive with brand new double-page features which showcase contributions from Psychology's leading figures - Packed with features: Introductions and Summaries, Ask Yourself Questions, Key Studies, Critical and Cross-Cultural material - Improved coverage throughout of work from neuroscience, neuropsychology and evolutionary psychology - Covers everything you need to know, in the depth in which you need to know it - Explicitly links different areas of Psychology to help more able students get better grades. New for this edition, Gross is supported by an extensive and interactive Dynamic Learning resource package. Just as Gross the book 'does everything', this comprehensive online resources package will help students to learn, and course leaders to deliver that learning. A free Dynamic Learning resources website supports students in revision, essay writing, and matching the book content to their course. A separately available set of multimedia-rich online resources can be tailored to the varied needs of course leaders. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Critical Thinking in Psychology Robert J. Sternberg, Henry L. Roediger, Diane F. Halpern, 2007 Explores key topics in psychology, showing how they can be critically examined. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Intuitive Predictions and Professional Forecasts Jurgen T. Rehm, Volker Gadenne, 2013-10-22 This volume discusses new approaches for the integration of cognitive psychology and professional forecasting, conceptual clarification of intuition and its role in predictions and forecasts. The authors present empirical tests of the theoretical assumptions in the area of psychiatric prognosis, election predictions and energy consumption forecasts. The book goes beyond the individual perspective and deals with technological problems and the social consequences of predictions. The reader is given a vivid overview for judgemental forecasting with special emphasis on practical problems. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Preference, Belief, and Similarity Amos Tversky, 2003-11-21 Amos Tversky (1937–1996), a towering figure in cognitive and mathematical psychology, devoted his professional life to the study of similarity, judgment, and decision making. He had a unique ability to master the technicalities of normative ideals and then to intuit and demonstrate experimentally their systematic violation due to the vagaries and consequences of human information processing. He created new areas of study and helped transform disciplines as varied as economics, law, medicine, political science, philosophy, and statistics. This book collects forty of Tversky's articles, selected by him in collaboration with the editor during the last months of Tversky's life. It is divided into three sections: Similarity, Judgment, and Preferences. The Preferences section is subdivided into Probabilistic Models of Choice, Choice under Risk and Uncertainty, and Contingent Preferences. Included are several articles written with his frequent collaborator, Nobel Prize-winning economist Daniel Kahneman. |
| define representativeness heuristic: The Psychology of Politics William F. Stone, Paul E. Schaffner, 2012-12-06 The Psychology of Politics is an introduction to political psychology. The field has a long past, but as an organized discipline, it has a short history. The long past is detailed in Jaap van Ginneken's historical first chapter of the book. The short history of political psychology as an organized disci pline dates from 1978, when the International Society of Political Psychol ogy (ISPP) was founded (Stone, 1981, 1988). The formal establishment of an interdiscipline drawing upon various social sciences had numerous predecessors in the 20th century: Wallas's (1908) Human Nature in Politics, Harold Lasswell's Psychopathology and Politics in 1930, a book with the present title by Eysenck (1954), and The Handbook of Political Psychology, edited by the founder of the ISPP, Jeanne Knutson. Her Handbook defined the field at the time of its publication in 1973 (see espe cially Davies' chapter). The present revision of Stone's (1974) work is more modest in its aspira tions. It provides a selective introduction to the field, emphasizing topics that the authors believe to be representative and important. Many psycho logically relevant topics, such as political socialization, participation, voting behavior, and leadership, are not represented among our chapter titles. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Thinking and Deciding Jonathan Baron, 2000-12-28 Thinking and Deciding has established itself as a required text and important reference work for students and scholars of human cognition and rationality. In this, the third edition, Jonathan Baron delves further into many of the key questions addressed in the previous editions. For example, how should we think? What, if anything, keeps us from thinking that way? How can we improve our thinking and decision making? Baron has also revised or expanded his treatment of topics such as risk, utilitarianism, Baye's theorem, moral thinking, trust, utility measurement, and decision analysis and values. By emphasizing decision making, Baron has made Thinking and Deciding, Third Edition more relevant to researchers in applied fields, such as medicine, business, public policy, and law, while maintaining its appeal to graduate and undergraduate students. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Infantry , 2011 |
| define representativeness heuristic: Decoding Behavior Patterns: Unveiling the Psychology Behind Financial Choices Olyra Thryth, 2025-02-26 This book delves deep into the intricate principles that govern human behavior when it comes to financial decision-making, offering a comprehensive exploration of the psychological aspects that drive individuals to make certain choices. By unraveling the mysteries behind why people behave the way they do in financial situations, readers will gain invaluable insights into managing their own finances more effectively. Through a series of thought-provoking case studies and real-life examples, Decoding Behavior Patternsexamines the underlying factors that shape our financial behaviors. From cognitive biases to emotional influences, readers will discover how our brains are wired to react in specific ways when it comes to money matters. By understanding these behavior patterns, readers can learn to identify and overcome common pitfalls that may lead to poor financial decisions. Moreover, this book offers practical strategies and tools to help readers navigate the complexities of behavioral finance. By applying the principles outlined in Decoding Behavior Patterns,readers can learn to harness their own behavior tendencies to achieve their financial goals. Whether it's setting a budget, managing investments, or planning for the future, this book provides a roadmap for making sound financial decisions based on a deeper understanding of human behavior. With its engaging narrative style and insightful analysis, Decoding Behavior Patternsis a must-read for anyone seeking to demystify the principles of behavioral finance. Whether you're a seasoned investor, a financial professional, or simply someone interested in learning more about the psychology behind financial choices, this book offers valuable lessons that can help you navigate the complexities of the financial world with confidence and clarity. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Cracking the AP Psychology Exam Princeton Review (Firm), 2009-01-01 Reviews subjects on the test, offers tips on test-taking strategies, and includes two full-length practice exams with answers and explanations. |
| define representativeness heuristic: Introductory Psychology Kassin, 1998 |
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If you define something, you show, describe, or state clearly what it is and what its limits are, or what it is like.
Math Symbols List (+,-,x,/,=,...) - RapidTables.com
List of all math symbols and meaning - equality, inequality, parentheses, plus, minus, times, division, power, square root, percent, per mille,...
define - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
May 13, 2025 · define (third-person singular simple present defines, present participle defining, simple past and past participle defined) To determine with precision; to mark out with …
Define - definition of define by The Free Dictionary
define - show the form or outline of; "The tree was clearly defined by the light"; "The camera could define the smallest object"
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Look up the meanings of words, abbreviations, phrases, and idioms in our free English Dictionary.
