Cross Curricular Themes In Primary Schools

  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross Curricular Contexts, Themes And Dimensions In Primary Schools Gajendra K. Verma, 2005-06-21 The final volume of four, the authors consider how the concerns of ethnic groups may be addressed within the framework of the National Curriculum. Despite the indecision surrounding primary school curriculum, it remains that the multicultural nature of the population and of schools will develop.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross-Curricular Teaching in the Primary School Trevor Kerry, 2010-10-19 How can teaching across the curriculum improve children’s learning? How can you plan meaningful, imaginative topic work? Cross-Curricular Teaching in the Primary School helps teachers plan a more imaginative, integrated curriculum by presenting in accessible language a rationale and framework for teaching across the subjects. Illustrated throughout with examples of effective topic work in successful schools, this book provides guidance on the underpinning theory and strategies to facilitate cross-curricular work with young children. Issues covered include: how children learn developing the curriculum and lesson planning teaching and learning in an integrated way at KS1 and KS whole school approaches and team teaching for cross-curricular teaching the role of support staff in cross-curricular teaching improving children’s thinking skills supporting children with special needs using new media and drama to facilitate cross-curricular learning assessing cross-curricular learning. Cross-Curricular Teaching in the Primary School provides much needed support for busy student and practising teachers. Packed with practical ideas, it offers an accessible guide to all aspects of introducing an integrated curriculum.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross Curricular Contexts, Themes And Dimensions In Primary Schools Gajendra K. Verma, 2005-06-21 The final volume of four, the authors, all specialists in the areas of the curriculum, consider how the concerns of ethnic groups may be addressed within the framework of the National Curriculum. Despite the indecision surrounding the structure, content, pedagogy and assessment of many components of the primary school curriculum, it remains that the multicultural nature of the population and of schools will develop. These developments and their educational implications must be considered if the educational system is to respond adequately.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross-Curricular Learning 3-14 Jonathan Barnes, 2015-03-05 This third edition explores the key practical and theoretical issues underpinning cross-curricular teaching and learning across the early years, primary education and lower secondary school. Combining findings from research and educational theory with examples of thought-provoking teaching in schools, this textbook discusses how high quality teaching across different curriculum areas can be planned, taught, assessed and used to encourage creative and deep learning experiences. Revised and updated to reflect current curriculum policy and contemporary research, this third edition includes: · Coverage of the 2014 National Curriculum in England and the implications for cross-curricular practice · More case studies from across the curriculum, from different age groups and exploring different aspects of teaching · Improved coverage of cross-curricular practice in the Early Years Foundation Stage.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Applying Cross-Curricular Approaches Creatively Jonathan Barnes, 2018-05-11 Applying Cross-Curricular Approaches Creatively explores the relevance and effectiveness of cross-disciplinary and project-based teaching. With a focus on personal reflection and discussion, it offers educators inspiration, guidance and resources to deliver a truly integrated curriculum creatively. Exploring how we can make connections in the classroom through our own lives and those of our children, it supports teachers in becoming more personally involved in decisions about the style of teaching and substance of curriculum in schools. Applying Cross-Curricular Approaches Creatively examines key topics such as: Educationalists with an interest in cross-curricular and creative approaches Planning for and provoking creativity Choosing cross-curricular themes Mind-full approaches to teaching and learning Assessing creative and integrated learning Teachers as researchers in the classroom Applying Cross-Curricular Approaches Creatively is an essential text for those wishing to plan a coherent curriculum with cross-curricular elements. It places the 'basics' of knowledge, genuine motivation, engagement and participation at the core of its arguments for meaningful learning for all children. Filled with autobiographical accounts and case studies, and with ready-to-use ideas for creative lessons, this uplifting book challenges us to return to curriculum breadth and balance and away from a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Using the Visual Arts for Cross-curricular Teaching and Learning Karen Hosack, 2013 As schools are being encouraged to develop more flexible and creative approaches to education, Using the Visual Arts for Cross-curricular Teaching and Learning provides practical guidance and ideas on using the visual arts as a starting point for imaginative, effective learning across a wide range of curriculum subjects. Underpinned by established and current educational thinking, it uses real-life examples to explore how this approach has been used successfully by individual class teachers and as whole-school projects. Offering proven strategies supporting the principles of personalized learning, it will help you involve children in devising cross-curricular themes and setting their own lines of enquiry. Supplemented throughout with case studies and ideas for great artworks to get projects started, as well as examples of children's own work, it explores: developing individual pupils' talent and respect for their own and other cultures; using a single painting as a starting point for learning in a range of subjects; finding inspiration for your own cross-curricular projects using the visual arts; underpinning all activities with educational purpose; planning for and assessing progression in learning; discovering and using art resources in your region. The tried and tested strategies in Using the Visual Arts for Cross-curricular Teaching and Learning will give all primary school teachers the confidence to explore the benefits of placing the visual arts at the centre of a creative, appealing curriculum.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning in Secondary Education Jonathan Savage, 2010-10-04 Working from the key principle that there is no curriculum development without teacher development, Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning in the Secondary School argues for a new, skilful pedagogy which embeds an authentic, cross-curricular approach to teaching and learning in the work of the individual teacher.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross-curricular Approaches to Teaching and Learning Chris Rowley, Hilary Cooper, 2009-09-14 What would the primary curriculum look like with humanities at its heart? How can cross-curricular work help children to learn more effectively? With practical ideas on how to join up the primary curriculum, this book uses history and geography to explore different contexts and strategies for making links between the full range of primary subjects, so that learning can be more integrated and relevant to learners. The authors demonstrate how these subjects can serve as the basis upon which values can be developed in the curriculum. There are powerful case studies, including examples of pupils′ work and talk, and teachers′ reflections. Additional materials to accompany the book can be found at: www.sagepub.co.uk/rowleyandcooper Written by a group of practising teachers and university tutors, this book will be invaluable to primary teachers, student teachers and all those involved in curriculum design. Chris Rowley is Senior Lecturer in and Geographical and Environmental Education at the University of Cumbria, UK. Dr Hilary Cooper is Professor of History and Pedagogy at the University of Cumbria, UK.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Implementing Cross-Curricular Themes (1994) Keith Morrison, 2017-12-15 Published in 1994, this book was designed to help primary and secondary school teachers to develop, introduce, manage and monitor the cross-curricular themes of the National Curriculum. It provides realistic and manageable suggestions about the aims of cross-curricular work, curriculum building and management, appropriate teaching and learning styles, assessment, evaluation and record keeping. Completed in the wake of the Government’s full acceptance of the recommendations of the Dearing Report, Implementing Cross-Curricular Themes will help all those responsible for their school’s delivery of this important dimension of the National Curriculum. The readership thus includes primary and secondary teachers and subject coordinators, heads and deputies and all involved in advising and training such staff.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cultural Diversity and the Curriculum Gajendra Kishore Verma, Peter David Pumfrey, 1994
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Primary Special Needs and the National Curriculum Ann Lewis, 1995 This edition has been updated to take into account the recent revisions to the National Curriculum and the guidance of the Code of Practice.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross-Curricular Primary Practice Dr Rosemary Webb, Rosemary Webb, 2002-11-01 This text discusses the theory and practice of several important areas of cross-curricular work in primary schools. It uses the National Curriculum Council's categories of themes, skills and dimensions to examine what is involved in such practice and to consider its current status in schools and future possibilities.; Providing practical suggestions for more well- established areas such as environmental studies, it also examines topical but under-represented themes, skills and dimensions such as media education, pupil self-assessment and discipline. The authors argue that cross-curricular practice both contributes to National Curriculum requirements and gives these requirements overall coherence. Cross- curricular practice also enables children to develop the knowledge, skills and concepts that are of value in coping with, and enjoying, the complexities of the 21st century. Suggestions are provided on how to provide leadership and stimulate staff interest in these areas by reviewing existing policies, teaching and resources.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning in the Secondary School... The Arts Martin Fautley, Jonathan Savage, 2010-12-02 The school curriculum is a contested arena. There are competing pressures from those who advocate that it should be constructed on a subject specific basis, whereas at the other end of the continuum is the stance taken by this book, that learning, and especially learning in the arts, can transcend artificial boundaries between subjects. This book sets out a case for cross-curricular learning involving the arts in secondary schools. Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning in the Secondary School...The Arts argues for the development of a new, skilful pedagogy which embeds an authentic, cross-curricular approach to teaching and learning in the work of the individual teacher. Teachers are empowered to think about creative pedagogies, and pupils are able to engage in deep learning as a result. Key features of the text include: theoretical examination of key issues curriculum planning materials and resources a wide range of case studies drawn from innovative practise frameworks for assessment and evaluation. Part of the Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning in the Secondary School series, this textbook breaks the boundaries between curriculum subjects and the arts. It is timely reading for all students on Initial Teacher Training courses as well as practising teachers looking to introduce cross-curricular themes in their own subjects.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Curriculum Overload A Way Forward OECD, 2020-11-25 Schools are constantly under pressure to keep up with the pace of changes in society. In parallel, societal demands for what schools should teach are also constantly changing; often driven by political agendas, ideologies, or parental pressures, to add global competency, digital literacy, data literacy, environmental literacy, media literacy, social-emotional skills, etc. This “curriculum expansion” puts pressure on policy makers and schools to add new contents to already crowded curriculum.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: The Primary Teacher's Guide to the New National Curriculum Kate Ashcroft, David Palacio, 1995 The Primary Teacher's Guide to the New National Curriculum provides a quick and accessible overview of the curriculum arrangements that came into force in August 1995. The revised National Curriculum has affected the content and modes of delivery of the primary curriculum. The book outlines the main changes, provides examples of creative ways of delivering the new curriculum and provides enquiry tasks to take the reflective teacher forward. It covers each of the subjects of the new National Curriculum and religious education, locates them within a context of whole curriculum planning, looks at issues of differentiation and explores those additional elements of the curriculum that good primary schools will wish to cover. With its easy-to-read style and practical focus, this book is an essential text for all teachers and student teachers in primary schools who have a minimum amount of time to read and absorb the new Orders. Such teachers will appreciate a book which clearly and succinctly identifies the changes and their implications for practice.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross Curricular Teaching and Learning in the Secondary School... Science Eleanor Byrne, Marilyn Brodie, 2013-08-22 This book brings together ongoing debates about personalised learning, creativity and ICT in education, with a cross-curricular focus, and establishes a principled framework for cross-curricular teaching and learning in Science. It identifies a range of key issues and aims to strengthen in-school science practices by introducing ways of teaching rigorous science through, and alongside, other subjects. Drawing on examples and case studies taken from innovative practices in different schools and subject areas, as well as summarising lessons from key pieces of research evidence this book includes: Clear theoretical frameworks for cross-curricular processes of teaching and learning in science An analysis of the use of language, ICT and assessment as key components of a skilful pedagogical practice that affect how teaching is delivered and how pupils learn science in cross-curricular contexts A lively account of theoretical issues blended with engaging stories of current practice Practical tasks and questions for reflective practice This timely textbook is essential reading for all students on Initial Teacher Training courses and PGCE courses as well as practising teachers looking to holistically introduce cross-curricular themes and practices in Science.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Education for Life Lesley Saunders, David Hewitt, Annette MacDonald, 1995
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross-curricular Approaches to Language Education Eleni Agathopoulou, Angeliki Psaltou-Joycey, Marina Mattheoudakis, 2014 Current applied linguistic research generally supports the adoption of interdisciplinary approaches in education with the objective of enhancing learnersâ (TM) progress and teachersâ (TM) practices. In this spirit, this edited volume explores the issue of cross-curricular learning and teaching from a wider perspective. The twenty-three papers collected here are categorised in four thematic units, all of which, however, share a common feature: they focus on interdisciplinary learning and promote the integration of knowledge and skills from various subject areas. As such, all the papers brought together in this volume, thus, emphasise the interconnectedness of knowledge and ideas in primary, secondary and tertiary education. The theme of Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning is related in this volume to Intercultural Education, to Content and Language Integrated Learning, and to Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The book will be of interest to scholars who are interested in relevant research-based data and results, and to educators who wish to update their knowledge about cross-curricular teaching and improve their language teaching practices.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Cross Curricular Contexts, Themes and Dimensions in Secondary Schools Gajendra K. Verma, Peter David Pumfrey, 1993
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: The Really Practical Guide to Primary Geography Marcia Foley, Jan Janikoun, 1996 Substantially revised to incorporate the contents of the 1995 Revised Order and its major implications for geography teaching. Includes two brand new chapters on the growing early years sector and OFSTED inspections. A whole range of different ways to organise the geography curriculum is discussed, with examples. The resources sections have been updated and expanded.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Teaching and Learning in the Primary School ANDREW POLLARD, Jill Bourne, 2002-09-26 This key sourcebook highlights important current topics and debates in primary education and provides practical insights into meeting the challenges of primary teaching.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Teaching History in Primary Schools Pat Hoodless, 2008-07-30 This book introduces trainees and newly qualified teachers to the teaching of history in primary schools, and covers key concepts, skills and knowledge for the history curriculum at Foundation Stage, KS1 and KS2. Contents include planning, teaching and learning strategies, assessment, reflection and evaluation, as well as a range of practical ideas for classroom activities and cross-curricular themes. Each chapter is underpinned by national and international research; also included are links to important themes such as citizenship, out-of-school learning, sustainability, diversity and inclusive practice. Throughout, content is related to new initiatives such as Every Child Matters and Excellence and Enjoyment.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: A Guide to Teaching Practice Louis Cohen, Lawrence Manion, Keith Morrison, 2006-09-07 The fifth edition of this classic textbook will ensure that it remains one of the most useful and widely read texts for students embarking upon teacher training.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: The Primary Curriculum Linda Hargreaves, Janet Moyles, 2002-09-11 This book is concerned with the relationships and tensions in education between children's needs and societies' demands, questions which primary teachers everywhere face on a daily basis, such as: * how does society's view of children and childhood affect teaching and learning? * how do the dictates of the education system, including a national curriculum, shape teaching practice? * how do the conventions of classroom practice fit with teachers' own beliefs and values? The first part of the book offers a basic framework for thinking about primary curricula from the perspectives raised by these questions, whilst the second part presents a range of international views on the primary curriculum from Australia, New Zealand, South-East Asia, Europe and the USA.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Values and the Curriculum Jo Cairns, Roy Gardner, Denis Lawton, 2013-01-11 In this volume, educationists and experts on values, including the Archbishop of Canterbury, discuss the question of values and the curriculum in societies which are changing rapidly and in which disagreements about values are sometimes acrimonious.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Extending Literacy Maureen Lewis, David Wray, 2005-06-21 One of the most problematic areas in the teaching and development of literacy appears to concern children's interactions with non-fiction books. Many surveys and reports have commented on the tendency for children to do little more than copy out sections of non-fiction texts. The Exeter Extending Literacy (EXEL) project was set up with the aim of exploring ways in which non-fiction might be used more effectively and profitably than this. In this book David Wray and Maureen Lewis outline the thinking behind the project and describe in detail the many useful teaching strategies and approaches which were developed in collaboration with primary teachers across the country. Teachers of children from five to fourteen will find this book both a stimulating account of a very influential development project and a useful source of practical teaching ideas.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Teaching Primary Humanities Russell Grigg, 2014-05-22 As primary subjects are increasingly being taught on an interdisciplinary level, Russell Grigg and Sioned Hughes have created an innovative new text, Teaching Primary Humanities. This new text explores current debate, encourages reflection and provides clear guidance on planning, teaching and assessing the humanities from the Early Years to Key Stage 2. Through a blend of theory and real-life examples, Grigg and Hughes demonstrate the contribution that history, geography and religious education can make to enhancing children’s thinking, literacy, numeracy and ICT skills. Whether you are a trainee or a practitioner, this book will develop your knowledge of how young children’s understanding of place, time and community can be fostered through a play-based curriculum. It will also benefit teachers of older children looking to encourage more independent learning in their schools. About the authors: Dr Russell Grigg is Head of the South West Wales Centre of Teacher Education. He is a trained primary inspector for England and Wales. He has written widely in the field of history and primary education including Wales in the Victorian Age and Becoming an Outstanding Primary Teacher. Dr Sioned Hughes is Senior Lecturer in Initial Teacher Training at the South West Wales Centre of Teacher Education. She has published many educational materials, especially in primary geography. Her work on Patagonia was recognised by the Welsh Books Council as the ‘Bestselling Children’s Book’ in 2011.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Creating the Curriculum Dominic Wyse, 2013 Is there an ‘ideal’ primary school curriculum? Who should decide what the curriculum is? Should teachers have autonomy over how they teach? The curriculum is the heart of what teachers teach and learners learn: effective teaching is only possible with an effective curriculum. Yet in spite of its importance, there has been a crisis in curriculum that has been caused in large part by governments assuming direct control over the curriculum, assessment, and increasingly, pedagogy. Creating the Curriculum tackles this thorny issue head on, challenging student and practising primary school teachers to think critically about past and present issues and to engage with a new wave of curriculum thinking and development. Considering curriculum construction and its impact on teaching and learning in the four countries of the UK, key issues considered include: who should decide the curriculum, its aims and its values the extent to which issues in primary education swing back and forth Subjects versus thematic organisation, stages and phases, progression, breadth and balance prescription versus teacher autonomy the key features of effective classroom practice strategies for assessing the whole curriculum how language in the classroom influences curriculum design understanding curricula in the context of children’s social and personal circumstances creativity, curriculum and the classroom. Illustrated throughout with strategies and case studies from the classroom, Creating the Curriculum accessibly links the latest research and evidence with concrete examples of good practice. It is a timely exploration of what makes an effective and meanginful curriculum and how teachers can bring new relevance, motivation and powerful values to what they teach.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Numeracy Across the Curriculum Merrilyn Goos, Vince Geiger, Shelley Dole, Helen Forgasz, Anne Bennison, 2020-07-16 Being numerate involves more than mastering basic mathematics. Numeracy connects the mathematics learned at school with out-of-school situations that require capabilities such as problem solving, critical judgment, and sense-making related to non-mathematical contexts. This book provides prospective and practising teachers with practical, research-based strategies for embedding numeracy across the primary and secondary school curriculum. Based on the authors' ten-year research program, the text explains what numeracy is and how numeracy has developed as an educational goal. It describes in detail the five dimensions of the authors' model: attention to real-life contexts; application of mathematical knowledge; use of physical, representational and digital tools; the promotion of positive dispositions towards the use of mathematics to solve problems encountered in day-to-day life; and a critical orientation to interpreting mathematical results and making evidence-based judgements. There is guidance on how to embed numeracy across all subjects within the curriculum, how to assess numeracy learning and how to deal with challenges and dilemmas including working with discipline boundaries and developing support resources. Featuring practical examples and case studies throughout, this book will build pre-service teacher confidence, demystify common misconceptions and grounds theory into practice in this vital area of student competency. 'The authors of this text are recognised authorities on numeracy. They have engaged heavily in numeracy research over many years and this text reflects the depth of their understanding and knowledge.' - Geoff Hilton, University of Queensland
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Support Services and the Curriculum Penny Lacey, 2013-11-26 This work on support services for special education needs offers an overview of current practice, along with details of current stumbling blocks. It then deals with working with the whole child within the curriculum; training needs; and developing an action plan to find the way forward.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Key Issues in Secondary Education John Beck, Mary C. Earl, 2003-09-11 Praise for First Edition: 'Key Issues in Secondary Education addresses crucial cross-curricular issues which are central to secondary schooling in the new millennium. We are confident that this book will make a major contribution to the understanding of new teachers as they grapple with issues that go beyond subject boundaries and as they explore the fundamental issues which affect schools and young people today.- Donald McIntyre and Mike YoungerThis eagerly awaited second edition has been fully up-dated and revised with new chapters on the nature and measurement of intelligence and issues of race and racism in school and society. Other chapters addressing the rapidly changing world of educational policy and innovation have been substantially rewritten to take account of recent developments and current debates. All contributors write clearly and accessibly, without over-simplifying the complexity of the issues or the value they pose.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Register of Educational Research in the United Kingdom, 1992-1995 National Foundation For Educational Research, 1995 This latest volume of the Register of Educational Research in the United Kingdom lists all the major research projects being undertaken in Britain during the latter months of 1992, the whole of 1993 and 1994 and the early months of 1995. Each entry provides names and addresses of the researchers, a detailed abstract, the source and amount of the grant(where applicable), the length of the project and details of published material about the research.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Geography Education for Global Understanding Ali Demirci, Rafael de Miguel González, Sarah Witham Bednarz, 2018-04-26 This book presents the core concepts of geographical education as a means of understanding global issues from a spatial perspective. It treats education, supported by high standards, approaches, methodologies, and resources, as essential in exploring the interactions of the world’s human and environmental systems at local, regional, and global scales embedded in the nature of the discipline of geography. It covers topics such as climate change, sustainable development goals, geopolitics in an uncertain world, global crisis, and population flows, which are of great interest to geography researchers and social sciences educators who want to explore the complexity of contemporary societies. Highly respected scholars in geography education answer questions on key topics and explain how global understanding is considered in K-12 education in significant countries around the globe. The book discusses factors such as the Internet, social media, virtual globes and other technological developments that provide insights into and visualization – in real time – of the intensity of relationships between different countries and regions of the earth. It also examines how this does not always lead to empathy with other political, cultural, social and religious values: terrorism threats and armed conflicts are also essential features of the global world. This book opens the dialogue for global understanding as a great opportunity for teachers, educators, scholars and policy makers to better equip students and future citizens to deal with global issues.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Routledge Library Editions: Curriculum Various, 2021-07-09 Reissuing works originally published between 1971 and 1994, this collection includes books which offer a broad spectrum of views on curriculum, both within individual schools and the wider issues around curriculum development, reform and implementation. Some cover the debate surrounding the establishment of the national curriculum in the UK while others are a more international in scope. Many of these books go beyond theory to discuss practical issues of real curriculum changes at primary or secondary level. The Set includes books on cross-curricular topics such as citizenship and environment, and also guidance, careers, life skills and pastoral care in schools. A fantastic collection of education history with much still relevant today.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: A National Curriculum for All Philip O'Hear, John White, 1991
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Schooling for Sustainable Development in Chinese Communities John Chi-Kin Lee, Michael Williams, 2009-04-29 This book focuses on the academic foundations, trends and traditions of environmental education for sustainable development principally in Chinese contexts. It highlights contexts and case studies that illuminate recent Chinese initiatives. It includes case studies of green schools and reports on recent initiatives in school-based ESD curriculum development programmes in China, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The book concludes with an overview chapter that points to likely future developments. The assumption underpinning the book is that experiences gained in such a major country as China will be of real interest to geographical and environmental educationists, professional educators and teachers elsewhere. Not only will it generate interest and create greater awareness but also it is hoped that these experiences will provide a platform for scholarly exchange and contribute insights on education policy and curriculum changes across Asian-Pacific communities in an increasingly globalised world.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: How to Integrate the Curricula Robin J. Fogarty, Brian M. Pete, 2009-04-14 This updated resource offers ten models that allow teachers to work together to create learner-centered classrooms by grouping elements from various content areas into a coherent, standards-based curriculum.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Alternative Approaches to Education Fiona Carnie, 2003 This book is designed to give parents and teachers information on the alternative education options available in the UK. It covers three main areas: Outside the state system: small schools; Steiner Waldorf schools; Montessori schools; democratic schools and other schools with alternative philosophies Doing it yourself: setting up a small school or learning centre; educating at home; flexible schooling Alternatives within the state system: how some state schools are finding different ways of working The values, philosophies and methods of each alternative are described, including the first-hand experiences and accounts of children, teachers and parents. There are answers to common questions and useful sources of further information. This accessible and informative book is the ideal introduction for parents deciding how best to educate their children. It will be of interest to teachers looking to build their knowledge of different education philosophies.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Citizenship for the 21st Century Cogan, John (Professor of Education, University of Minnesota, USA), Derricott, Ray (Director, Centre for Continuing Education, University of Liverpool), 2014-05-01 Civic and citizenship education have emerged as major areas of discussion, debate and action regarding their place in the school curriculum in many nations. This text sets out to show the importance of citizenship education with examples and contributions from around the world.
  cross curricular themes in primary schools: Reflective Teaching Andrew Pollard, Janet Collins, 2005-03-04 Reflective Teaching is the definitive textbook for reflective classroom professionalism. It offers support for trainee teachers, mentors, newly qualified teachers and for continuous professional development. This second edition has been revised and updated to enhance classroom use.
Jesus and the Cross - Biblical Archaeology Society
Jan 26, 2025 · The cross remains as you said, as a symbol of the degradation and suffering that Jesus submitted his body as a sacrifice for the sins of humanity. The cross with or without the …

How Was Jesus Crucified? - Biblical Archaeology Society
Apr 16, 2025 · Gospel accounts of Jesus’s execution do not specify how exactly Jesus was secured to the cross. Yet in Christian tradition, Jesus had his palms and feet pierced with …

Roman Crucifixion Methods Reveal the History of Crucifixion
Aug 17, 2024 · Nailing to a cross is “less severe” and “less humiliating” as the condemned dies within a day from loss of blood. Tying to a cross is the most severe form of punishment usually …

The Staurogram - Biblical Archaeology Society
Sep 24, 2024 · But the cross had nothing to do with Jesus Christ. The New Catholic Encyclopedia explains: “The cross is found in both pre-Christian and non-Christian cultures.” Jesus did not …

Why does scikit's cross-validation return a negative R^2 for my ...
Aug 14, 2024 · I get the output 'Cross val score: -0.4412345093041985'. What is going on here? As I understand it, R^2 should be literally (0.7)^2 for a linear regression like this, and if there's …

What is the difference between cross_validate and cross_val_score?
Mar 11, 2021 · Note: When the cv argument is an integer, cross_val_score uses the KFold or StratifiedKFold strategies by default, the latter being used if the estimator derives from …

A Tomb in Jerusalem Reveals the History of Crucifixion and Roman ...
Aug 6, 2024 · The second device added to the cross was the suppedaneum, or foot support. It was less painful than the sedile, but it also prolonged the victim’s agony. Ancient historians …

When to use cross-validation? - Data Science Stack Exchange
Jan 23, 2021 · Cross-validation. Hi, I'm deploying machine learning models in my MSc thesis using Weka. I have noticed that when I use 10-fold cross-validation in the training dataset I get …

Ancient Crucifixion Images - Biblical Archaeology Society
Mar 15, 2025 · The cross is the ultimate symbol for the crucifixion of Christ. I give out pennies with the cross punched in them and tell people whether you are an atheist, Muslim, Moonie, etc. …

Cross validation - Data Science Stack Exchange
Apr 17, 2024 · Then cross-validation is only applied to the training data as it is part of the training process. The other issue raised in the linked post do not seem to me specific to cross …

Jesus and the Cross - Biblical Archaeology Society
Jan 26, 2025 · The cross remains as you said, as a symbol of the degradation and suffering that Jesus submitted his body as a sacrifice …

How Was Jesus Crucified? - Biblical Archaeology Society
Apr 16, 2025 · Gospel accounts of Jesus’s execution do not specify how exactly Jesus was secured to the cross. Yet in Christian …

Roman Crucifixion Methods Reveal the History of Crucifixion
Aug 17, 2024 · Nailing to a cross is “less severe” and “less humiliating” as the condemned dies within a day from loss of …

The Staurogram - Biblical Archaeology Society
Sep 24, 2024 · But the cross had nothing to do with Jesus Christ. The New Catholic Encyclopedia explains: “The cross is found …

Why does scikit's cross-validation return a negative R^2 for my ...
Aug 14, 2024 · I get the output 'Cross val score: -0.4412345093041985'. What is going on here? As I understand it, R^2 should be …