Advertisement
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: A Lot of People Are Saying Nancy L. Rosenblum, Russell Muirhead, 2020-02-18 How the new conspiracists are undermining democracy—and what can be done about it Conspiracy theories are as old as politics. But conspiracists today have introduced something new—conspiracy without theory. And the new conspiracism has moved from the fringes to the heart of government with the election of Donald Trump. In A Lot of People Are Saying, Russell Muirhead and Nancy Rosenblum show how the new conspiracism differs from classic conspiracy theory, how it undermines democracy, and what needs to be done to resist it. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: The Psychology of Conspiracy Theories Jan-Willem van Prooijen, 2018 Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Preface -- 1 Psychology of conspiracy theories -- 2 When do people believe conspiracy theories? -- 3 The architecture of belief -- 4 The social roots of conspiracy theories -- 5 Conspiracy theories and ideology -- 6 Explaining and reducing conspiracy theories -- Further reading -- Notes -- References |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: 63 Documents the Government Doesn't Want You to Read Jesse Ventura, Dick Russell, 2011-05-02 The official spin on numerous government programs is flat-out bullshit, according to Jesse Ventura. In this incredible collection of actual government documents, Ventura, the ultimate non- partisan truth-seeker, proves it beyond any doubt. He and Dick Russell walk readers through 63 of the most incriminating programs to reveal what really happens behind the closed doors. In addition to providing original government data, Ventura discusses what it really means and how regular Americans can stop criminal behavior at the top levels of government and in the media. Among the cases discussed: • The CIA’s top-secret program to control human behavior • Operation Northwoods—the military plan to hijack airplanes and blame it on Cuban terrorists • The discovery of a secret Afghan archive—information that never left the boardroom • Potentially deadly healthcare cover-ups, including a dengue fever outbreak • What the Department of Defense knows about our food supply—but is keeping mum Although these documents are now in the public domain, the powers that be would just as soon they stay under wraps. Ventura’s research and commentary sheds new light on what they’re not telling you—and why it matters. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Secrets and Conspiracies Olli Loukola, Leonidas Donskis, 2022 This collection purports to provide a sober analysis of the much debated issues and tries to develop and outline conceptual and theoretical tools to make sense of what secrets and conspiracies truly are-- |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theory in America Lance deHaven-Smith, 2013-04-15 Asserts that the Founders' hard-nosed realism about the likelihood of elite political misconduct—articulated in the Declaration of Independence—has been replaced by today's blanket condemnation of conspiracy beliefs as ludicrous by definition. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Them Jon Ronson, 2011-06-28 A wide variety of extremist groups -- Islamic fundamentalists, neo-Nazis -- share the oddly similar belief that a tiny shadowy elite rule the world from a secret room. In Them, journalist Jon Ronson has joined the extremists to track down the fabled secret room. As a journalist and a Jew, Ronson was often considered one of Them but he had no idea if their meetings actually took place. Was he just not invited? Them takes us across three continents and into the secret room. Along the way he meets Omar Bakri Mohammed, considered one of the most dangerous men in Great Britain, PR-savvy Ku Klux Klan Grand Wizard Thom Robb, and the survivors of Ruby Ridge. He is chased by men in dark glasses and unmasked as a Jew in the middle of a Jihad training camp. In the forests of northern California he even witnesses CEOs and leading politicians -- like Dick Cheney and George Bush -- undertake a bizarre owl ritual. Ronson's investigations, by turns creepy and comical, reveal some alarming things about the looking-glass world of us and them. Them is a deep and fascinating look at the lives and minds of extremists. Are the extremists onto something? Or is Jon Ronson becoming one of them? |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Real Enemies Kathryn S. Olmsted, 2009-01-02 Many Americans believe that their own government is guilty of shocking crimes. Government agents shot the president. They faked the moon landing. They stood by and allowed the murders of 2,400 servicemen in Hawaii. Although paranoia has been a feature of the American scene since the birth of the Republic, in Real Enemies Kathryn Olmsted shows that it was only in the twentieth century that strange and unlikely conspiracy theories became central to American politics. In particular, she posits World War I as a critical turning point and shows that as the federal bureaucracy expanded, Americans grew more fearful of the government itself--the military, the intelligence community, and even the President. Analyzing the wide-spread suspicions surrounding such events as Pearl Harbor, the JFK assassination, Watergate, and 9/11, Olmsted sheds light on why so many Americans believe that their government conspires against them, why more people believe these theories over time, and how real conspiracies--such as the infamous Northwoods plan--have fueled our paranoia about the governments we ourselves elect. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Behold a Pale Horse William Cooper, 2012-04-11 Bill Cooper, former United States Naval Intelligence Briefing Team member, reveals information that remains hidden from the public eye. This information has been kept in Top Secret government files since the 1940s. His audiences hear the truth unfold as he writes about the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the war on drugs, the Secret Government and UFOs. Bill is a lucid, rational and powerful speaker who intent is to inform and to empower his audience. Standing room only is normal. His presentation and information transcend partisan affiliations as he clearly addresses issues in a way that has a striking impact on listeners of all backgrounds and interests. He has spoken to many groups throughout the United States and has appeared regularly on many radio talk shows and on television. In 1988 Bill decided to talk due to events then taking place worldwide, events which he had seen plans for back in the early '70s. Since Bill has been talking, he has correctly predicted the lowering of the Iron Curtain, the fall of the Berlin Wall and the invasion of Panama. All Bill's predictions were on record well before the events occurred. Bill is not a psychic. His information comes from Top Secret documents that he read while with the Intelligence Briefing Team and from over 17 years of thorough research. Bill Cooper is the world's leading expert on UFOs. -- Billy Goodman, KVEG, Las Vegas. The onlt man in America who has all the pieces to the puzzle that has troubled so many for so long. -- Anthony Hilder, Radio Free America William Cooper may be one of America's greatest heros, and this story may be the biggest story in the history of the world. -- Mills Crenshaw, KTALK, Salt Lake City. Like it or not, everything is changing. The result will be the most wonderful experience in the history of man or the most horrible enslavement that you can imagine. Be active or abdicate, the future is in your hands. -- William Cooper, October 24, 1989. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories and the Failure of Intellectual Critique Kurtis Hagen, 2022-07-20 Conspiracy Theories and the Failure of Intellectual Critique argues that conspiracy theories, including those that conflict with official accounts and suggest that prominent people in Western democracies have engaged in appalling behavior, should be taken seriously and judged on their merits and problems on a case-by-case basis. It builds on the philosophical work on this topic that has developed over the past quarter century, challenging some of it, but affirming the emerging consensus: each conspiracy theory ought to be judged on its particular merits and faults. The philosophical consensus contrasts starkly with what one finds in the social science literature. Kurtis Hagen argues that significant aspects of that literature, especially the psychological study of conspiracy theorists, has turned out to be flawed and misleading. Those flaws are not randomly directed; rather, they consistently serve to disparage conspiracy theorists unfairly. This suggests that there may be a bias against conspiracy theorists in the academy, skewing “scientific” results. Conspiracy Theories and the Failure of Intellectual Critique argues that social scientists who study conspiracy theories and/or conspiracy theorists would do well to better absorb the implications of the philosophical literature. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories Richard Greene, Rachel Robison-Greene, 2020-01-07 Conspiracy theories have become a major element in modern opinion formation. From the theory that the killing of President Kennedy was masterminded by a powerful conspiracy to the theory that 9/11 was an inside job, from the story that Barack Obama wasn’t born in America to the story that Donald Trump was a Russian asset, conspiracy theories have become a major element in opinion formation and an ever-present influence, sometimes open, sometimes hidden, on the daily headline news. In Conspiracy Theories, philosophers of diverse backgrounds and persuasions focus their lenses on the phenomenon of the conspiracy theory, its psychological causes, its typical shape, and its political consequences. Among the questions addressed: ● What’s the formula for designing a contagious conspiracy theory? ● Where does conspiracy theorizing end and investigative reporting begin? ● What can we learn about conspiracy theories from the three movie treatments of the Kennedy assassination (The Parallax View, JFK, and Interview with the Assassin)? ● Does political powerlessness generate conspiracy theories? ● Is conspiracy theorizing essentially an instinct that lies behind all belief in religion and all striving for a meaningful life? ● Can we find conspiracy theories in all political movements for centuries past? ● What are the most common types of fallacious reasoning that tend to support conspiracy theories? ● Is there a psychological disorder at the root of conspiracy theories? ● Why is the number of flat-earthers growing? |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories and Secret Societies For Dummies Christopher Hodapp, Alice Von Kannon, 2011-02-04 Entering the world of conspiracy theories and secret societies is like stepping into a distant, parallel universe where the laws of physics have completely changed: black means white, up is down, and if you want to understand what’s really going on, you need a good reference book. That’s where Conspiracy Theories & Secret Societies For Dummies comes in. Whether you’re a skeptic or a true believer, this fascinating guide, packed with the latest information, walks you through some of the most infamous conspiracy theories — such as Area 51 and the assassination of JFK — and introduces you to such mysterious organizations as the Freemasons, the Ninjas, the Mafia, and Rosicrucians. This behind-the-curtain guide helps you separate fact from fiction and helps you the global impact of these mysterious events and groups on our modern world. Discover how to: Test a conspiracy theory Spot a sinister secret society Assess the Internet’s role in fueling conspiracy theories Explore world domination schemes Evaluate 9/11 conspiracy theories Figure out who “they” are Grasp the model on which conspiracy theories are built Figure out whether what “everybody knows” is true Distinguish on assassination brotherhood from another Understand why there’s no such thing as a “lone assassin” Why do hot dogs come in packages of ten, while buns come in eight-packs? Everybody knows its a conspiracy, right? Find out in Conspiracy Theories & Secret Societies For Dummies. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories and Other Dangerous Ideas Cass R. Sunstein, 2014 A collection of controversial essays touches upon an array of issues, from marriage equality and conspiracy theories to animal rights. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories in the Arab World Matthew Gray, 2010-07-12 Conspiracism, while not unique to the Middle East, is a salient feature of the political discourses of the region. This book discounts the common pathological explanation for conspiricism and instead investigates the political structures and dynamics that have created and shaped the phenomenon of conspiricism in the contemporary Middle East. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracies Declassified Brian Dunning, 2018-06-05 A collection of the wildest conspiracies to ever exist, from mind control experiments to lizard people, this book explores, debunks—and sometimes proves—the secret stories that don’t quite make it into the history books. What’s fact and what’s fiction? With conspiracy theories, sometimes it’s hard to get to the truth! In Conspiracies Declassified, author and expert skeptic Brian Dunning explains fifty true stories of famous conspiracies throughout history. From the moon landing hoax, to chemtrails, to the mind control dangers of fluoride, Dunning is here to sort the truth from the lies to tell you what really happened. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Power, Politics, and Paranoia Jan-Willem van Prooijen, Paul A. M. van Lange, 2014-05-29 Why are people frequently suspicious of their political and corporate leaders? This book examines the psychological roots of political paranoia. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Eurabia-paperback Bat Yeʼor, 2005 This book is about the transformation of Europe into Eurabia, a cultural and political appendage of the Arab/Muslim world. Eurabia is fundamentally anti-Christian, anti-Western, anti-American, and antisemitic. The institution responsible for this transformation, and that continues to propagate its ideological message, is the Euro-Arab Dialogue, developed by European and Arab politicians and intellectuals over the past thirty years.--From publisher description. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Debunked! Richard Roeper, 2008-06 A breezy but fact-filled dissection of more than two dozen of the most popular urban legends and conspiracy theories of the 21st century. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Suspicious Minds Rob Brotherton, 2017-01-03 Suspicious Minds decodes the psychology of why we all believe in conspiracy theories--some of us just hide it better than others. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Creating Conspiracy Beliefs Dolores Albarracin, Julia Albarracin, Man-pui Sally Chan, Kathleen Hall Jamieson, 2021-11-25 Drawing on psychology, political science, communication, and information sciences, this book explores the birth of conspiracy theories. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: American Conspiracy Theories Joseph E. Uscinski, Joseph M. Parent, 2014 Conspiracies theories are some of the most striking features in the American political landscape: the Kennedy assassination, aliens at Roswell, subversion by Masons, Jews, Catholics, or communists, and modern movements like Birtherism and Trutherism. But what do we really know about conspiracy theories? Do they share general causes? Are they becoming more common? More dangerous? Who is targeted and why? Who are the conspiracy theorists? How has technology affected conspiracy theorising? This book offers the first century-long view of these issues. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: The Psychology of Conspiracy Michal Bilewicz, Aleksandra Cichocka, Wiktor Soral, 2015-05-15 Why did the third World Trade Center building (WTC7) collapse on September 11th , even though it was not struck by any aircraft? Why did Princess Diana’s drunk driver look sober as he climbed into the car minutes before their deadly accident? Could a slender birch tree really have caused the plane crash which killed the President of Poland in 2010? ‘Conspiracy thinking’ – the search for explanations of significant global events in clandestine plots, suppressed knowledge and the secret actions of elite groups – provides simple and logical answers to the social doubts and uncertainties that occur at times of major national and international crises. Contemporary social psychology seeks to explain the human motivation to create, share and receive conspiracy theories, and to shed light on the consequences of these theories for people’s social and political functioning. This important collection, written by leading researchers in the field, is the first to apply quantitative empirical findings to the subject of conspiracy theorizing. The first section of the book explores conspiracy theories in the context of group perception and intergroup relations, paying particular attention to anti-Semitic conspiracy stereotypes. It then goes on to examine the relationship between an individual’s political ideology and the degree to which they engage in ‘conspiracy thinking’. The concluding part of the book considers the explanatory power of conspiracy, focusing on the link between social paranoia and digital media, and highlighting the social, political, and environmental consequences of conspiracy theories. The Psychology of Conspiracy will be of great interest to academics and researchers in social and political psychology, and a valuable resource to those in the fields of social policy, anthropology, political science, and cultural studies. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Vices of the Mind Quassim Cassam, 2019 Quassim Cassam introduces the idea of epistemic vices, character traits that get in the way of knowledge, such as closed-mindedness, intellectual arrogance, wishful thinking, and prejudice. Using examples from politics to illustrate the vices at work, he considers whether we are responsible for such failings, and what we can do about them. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracies of Conspiracies Thomas Milan Konda, 2019-03-15 “The most comprehensive intellectual history of American conspiracy theories yet produced.” —The American Historical Review It’s tempting to think we live in an unprecedentedly fertile age for conspiracy theories, with seemingly each churn of the news cycle bringing fresh manifestations of large-scale paranoia. But the sad fact is that these narratives of suspicion—and the delusional psychologies that fuel them—have been a constant presence in American life for nearly as long as there’s been an America. In this sweeping book, Thomas Milan Konda traces the country’s obsession with conspiratorial thought from the early days of the republic to our own anxious moment. Conspiracies of Conspiracies details centuries of sinister speculations—from antisemitism and anti-Catholicism to UFOs and reptilian humanoids—and their often-incendiary outcomes. Rather than simply rehashing the surface eccentricities of such theories, Konda draws from his extraordinary assemblage of conspiratorial writing to crack open the mindsets that lead people toward these self-sealing worlds of denial. What is distinctively American about these theories, he argues, is not simply our country’s homegrown obsession with them but their ongoing prevalence and virulence. Konda proves that conspiracy theories are no harmless sideshow. They are instead the dark and secret heart of American political history—one that is poisoning the bloodstream of an increasingly sick body politic. “Meticulous scholarship . . . essential context for understanding our present mess.” —Survival: Global Politics and Strategy “Incisive and engaging . . . Konda’s assessment of the ‘new dynamics’ of conspiracy theories in contemporary US politics is a significant contribution. Written with a clarity of expression rare in academic writing, the book is accessible to a wide readership.” —Choice |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion Sergei Nilus, Victor Emile Marsden, 2019-02-26 The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is almost certainly fiction, but its impact was not. Originating in Russia, it landed in the English-speaking world where it caused great consternation. Much is made of German anti-semitism, but there was fertile soil for The Protocols across Europe and even in America, thanks to Henry Ford and others. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Greatest Conspiracy Theories Introbooks, 2018-02-19 As you know, there are many of such events which became part of those conspiracies that many people believe in and most of the people don’t. Well, what do you think people should believe in these? At first everyone does actually because obviously it interests you so much but most of them get verified as wrong at the end, not all of them but most of them. Now, here what you going to read is about what the conspiracy theory is and how many of them are really out there in the world. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: The Hitler Conspiracies Richard J. Evans, 2020 The Hitler Conspiracies focuses on five of the most enduring conspiracy theories involving the Nazi period, including those that accompanied and even buttressed Hitler's rise. A distinguished work of history, this book offers equally a hard look at our own troubled times, a post-truth era in which alternative facts have gained new standing. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories Quassim Cassam, 2019-11-01 9/11 was an inside job. The Holocaust is a myth promoted to serve Jewish interests. The shootings at Sandy Hook Elementary School were a false flag operation. Climate change is a hoax perpetrated by the Chinese government. These are all conspiracy theories. A glance online or at bestseller lists reveals how popular some of them are. Even if there is plenty of evidence to disprove them, people persist in propagating them. Why? Philosopher Quassim Cassam explains how conspiracy theories are different from ordinary theories about conspiracies. He argues that conspiracy theories are forms of propaganda and their function is to promote a political agenda. Although conspiracy theories are sometimes defended on the grounds that they uncover evidence of bad behaviour by political leaders, they do much more harm than good, with some resulting in the deaths of large numbers of people. There can be no clearer indication that something has gone wrong with our intellectual and political culture than the fact that conspiracy theories have become mainstream. When they are dangerous, we cannot afford to ignore them. At the same time, refuting them by rational argument is difficult because conspiracy theorists discount or reject evidence that disproves their theories. As conspiracy theories are so often smokescreens for political ends, we need to come up with political as well as intellectual responses if we are to have any hope of defeating them. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories and the People who Believe Them Joseph E. Uscinski, 2019 Conspiracy theories are inevitable in complex human societies. And while they have always been with us, their ubiquity in our political discourse is nearly unprecedented. Their salience has increased for a variety of reasons including the increasing access to information among ordinary people, a pervasive sense of powerlessness among those same people, and a widespread distrust of elites. Working in combination, these factors and many other factors are now propelling conspiracy theories into our public sphere on a vast scale. In recent years, scholars have begun to study this genuinely important phenomenon in a concerted way. In Conspiracy Theories and the People Who Believe Them, Joseph E. Uscinski has gathered forty top researchers on the topic to provide both the foundational tools and the evidence to better understand conspiracy theories in the United States and around the world. Each chapter is informed by three core questions: Why do so many people believe in conspiracy theories? What are the effects of such theories when they take hold in the public? What can or should be done about the phenomenon? Combining systematic analysis and cutting-edge empirical research, this volume will help us better understand an extremely important, yet relatively neglected, phenomenon. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: The Paranoid Style in American Politics Richard Hofstadter, 2008-06-10 This timely reissue of Richard Hofstadter's classic work on the fringe groups that influence American electoral politics offers an invaluable perspective on contemporary domestic affairs.In The Paranoid Style in American Politics, acclaimed historian Richard Hofstadter examines the competing forces in American political discourse and how fringe groups can influence — and derail — the larger agendas of a political party. He investigates the politics of the irrational, shedding light on how the behavior of individuals can seem out of proportion with actual political issues, and how such behavior impacts larger groups. With such other classic essays as “Free Silver and the Mind of 'Coin' Harvey” and “What Happened to the Antitrust Movement?, ” The Paranoid Style in American Politics remains both a seminal text of political history and a vital analysis of the ways in which political groups function in the United States. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: A Conspiracy of Tall Men Noah Hawley, 2018-06-05 The debut literary thriller that launched the career of the bestselling author of Before the Fall and the creator of the show Fargo. Linus Owen is a young professor of conspiracy theory at a small college just outside San Francisco. His marriage is foundering and his wife, Claudia, has gone to Chicago to visit her mother. But if Claudia is in Chicago, how is it that two FBI agents show up at Linus' office and inform him that Claudia has been killed in a plane crash on her way from New York to Brazil? And why did a man named Jeffrey Holden, the vice president of a major pharmaceutical company, buy her ticket and die beside her? Enlisting the aid of two fellow conspiracy theorists, Linus heads across the country in search of answers. But as their journey progresses, it becomes frighteningly clear they've left the realm of the academic and are tangled up in a dangerous, multilayered cover-up. Finally, deep in the heart of the American desert, stunned by an ominous revelation, Linus sees he has a new mission: to try to stay alive. Part Don DeLillo, part Kurt Vonnegut, with writing that is electric, whip-smart and suspenseful at each turn, Noah Hawley draws us into a deliciously labyrinthine world of paranoia and plots. Energetic and funny...an engrossing debut. -- The New York Times |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Dr. Rex Curry psychoanalyzes the WORLD'S STUPIDEST CRIMINALS Ian Tinny, Dead Writers Club, <p>The crimes you are about to read are true. The names have not been changed. These World's Stupidest Criminals make imprisoned psychopaths seem angelic in comparison. How did the worst racketeers conspire to spread their heinous True Crimes all over the globe? Part of that story began in the USA. <p>The USA was the origin of Fascist salutes and Nazi behavior through the work of an American socialist: Francis Bellamy, author of the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag. The American Nazi salute was often performed by public officials in the USA from 1892 through 1942. What happened to old photographs and films of the American Nazi salute performed by federal, state, county, and local officials? Those photos and films are rare because people don't want to know the truth about the government’s past. <p>Public officials in the USA who preceded the German socialist (Hitler) and the Italian socialist (Mussolini) were sources for the stiff-armed salute (and brainwashed chanting) in those countries and other foreign countries influencing the worst reprobates, including: Joseph Stalin, Vladimir Lenin, Mao Zedong, Adolf Hitler, Pol Pot, Kim Il-sung, Ho Chi Minh, Karl Marx, Leon Trotsky, Kim Jong‑il, Benito Mussolini, Kim Jong-un, Fidel Castro, Che Guevara and more! They showed that killing socialists is trademark socialism. Millions died. <p>Yet, the World's Dumbest Criminals escaped justice and many continue to be glorified as great leaders. Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (and their fans) self-identify the same way Hitler did: SOCIALIST. (Hitler and his supporters did not call themselves Nazi nor Fascist). <p>Socialism was touted by the very word in voluminous speeches & writings by the socialists Hitler, Stalin, Mao, Pol Pot, the Kim thugs, etc. Soviet socialism joined German socialism to launch the socialist war (WWII) invading Poland etc. It led to socialism's many genocides. <p>Who was worst: Stalin, Mao, or Hitler? Stalin shares guilt for genocides of Mao, Hitler & himself, and Pol Pot, and the Kim thugs and other socialists. German socialism and Soviet socialism joined to launch the socialist war (WWII), invading Poland and going onward. Stalin assisted Mao. It led to genocide under many other socialists. <p>The importance of this book cannot be overstated. It is a microcosm of the amorality of what remains of world socialism. It shines a floodlight on the ethical vacuum that is collectivism and its overlords. America is following them into that hell. <p>Author Ian Tinny provides eye-popping revelations from the historian Dr. Rex Curry's decades of work that are undisputed by the New York Times • The Washington Post • Los Angeles Times • San Francisco Chronicle • Tampa Bay Times • Weekly Standard • Vogue • Chicago Tribune • Newsday • The New York Times Book Review • Tampa Tribune • Library Journal • Publishers Weekly • Saint Petersburg Times • History Journal • |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Encyclopaedia Britannica Hugh Chisholm, 1910 This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Handbook of Conspiracy Theory and Contemporary Religion Asbjørn Dyrendal, David G. Robertson, Egil Asprem, 2018-10-02 Conspiracy theories are a ubiquitous feature of our times. The Handbook of Conspiracy Theories and Contemporary Religion is the first reference work to offer a comprehensive, transnational overview of this phenomenon along with in-depth discussions of how conspiracy theories relate to religion(s). Bringing together experts from a wide range of disciplines, from psychology and philosophy to political science and the history of religions, the book sets the standard for the interdisciplinary study of religion and conspiracy theories. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: A Culture of Conspiracy Michael Barkun, 2003 Unravelling the genealogies and permutations of conspiracist worldviews, this work shows how this web of urban legends has spread among sub-cultures on the Internet and through mass media, and how this phenomenon relates to larger changes in American culture. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Bernie Sanders, Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, Fidel Castro & Other Socialists Jon Robins, Ian Tinny, Dead Writers Club, Rex Curry, Bernie Sanders (BS) self-identifies the same way that Adolf Hitler self-identified: SOCIALIST. In voluminous speeches and writings Hitler glorified the identical word touted by BS as his political philosophy. Hitler’s swastika was “S” letter shaped symbolism for his socialism. BS proudly classifies himself in the same fashion as Hitler and the world’s other genocidal psychopaths. Bernie Sanders was endorsed by Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (AOC) in the 2020 presidential election and AOC actively campaigns for BS. Why does AOC support such an old white male? She promotes him because they share the same extremist dogma. How did they both become socialists? AOC was heavily influenced by BS. The USA’s two worst national socialists were both born and raised in New York City. AOC grew up during BS’s years as a career politician. She learned a lot about socialism and wanted to get on the dole too. BS is the oldest white male who is running for nomination. BS is so elderly that he could be AOC’s grandfather (he is 48 years older than her). AOC was born a year after BS’s infamous honeymoon (1988) in the USSR just as Soviet socialism self-destructed. Sanders was born in 1941 shortly after Soviet socialism’s partnership with German socialism. Soviet socialism (under Stalin) and German socialism (under Hitler) had joined to launch WWII, destroying Poland together, and going onward from there in a pact to enslave Europe. After German socialism was defeated, Soviet socialism continued (as Sanders grew up) to ruin millions of lives and increase its record-setting mass-murders. As a child, Sanders had learned about socialism from his parents and other relatives. They attended government schools (socialist schools) in the USA where students were forced to perform the Nazi salute and chant robotically to the flag each morning at the ring of a bell. The Pledge of Allegiance to the USA’s Flag was the origin of the infamous stiff-armed salute (and other propagandistic behavior) that was borrowed decades later under German socialism and under other socialists worldwide. The pledge was written by an American socialist (Francis Bellamy) in order to spread socialism. Anyone who refused the ritual in the socialist schools was persecuted. At that time the socialist schools taught racism as official policy and imposed segregation by law. Sanders also learned socialism from government schools that he attended, and he chanted in unison each morning to the flag too (although the gesture had changed to hide socialism’s putrid history). During Sanders’ youth the socialist schools continued to teach racism as official policy and continued to impose segregation by law. “America’s Nazi salute” was often performed by public officials in the USA from 1892 through 1942. What happened to old photographs and films of the American Nazi salute performed by federal, state, county, and local officials? Those photos and films are rare because people don't want to know the truth about the government’s past. American youth groups (Scouting) adopted Bellamy's American Nazi salute (with Bellamy’s encouragement) AND saluted swastika badges (卐) worn by fellow scouts. Many Americans were accustomed to “Nazi salutes for swastikas” long before German socialism (and Hitler Youth) adopted similar behavior under Hitler. That helps to explain another shocking revelation: swastikas were promoted in the US military and worn as a patch on the upper left arm of American soldiers in a fashion that would become uniform under German socialism. There are photos in this book! |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories in Eastern Europe Anastasiya Astapova, Onoriu Colăcel, Corneliu Pintilescu, Tamás Scheibner, 2020-10-29 This collection of state-of-the-art essays explores conspiracy cultures in post-socialist Eastern Europe, ranging from the nineteenth century to contemporary manifestations. Conspiracy theories about Freemasons, Communists and Jews, about the Chernobyl disaster, and about George Soros and the globalist elite have been particularly influential in Eastern Europe, but they have also been among the most prominent worldwide. This volume explores such conspiracy theories in the context of local Eastern European histories and discourses. The chapters identify four major factors that have influenced cultures of conspiracy in Eastern Europe: nationalism (including ethnocentrism and antisemitism), the socialist past, the transition period, and globalization. The research focuses on the impact of imperial legacies, nation-building, and the Cold War in the creation of conspiracy theories in Eastern Europe; the effects of the fall of the Iron Curtain and conspiracism in a new democratic setting; and manifestations of viral conspiracy theories in contemporary Eastern Europe and their worldwide circulation with the global rise of populism. Bringing together a diverse landscape of Eastern European conspiracism that is a result of repeated exchange with the West, the book includes case studies that examine the history, legacy, and impact of conspiracy cultures of Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Ukraine, the former Yugoslav countries, and the former Soviet Union. The book will appeal to scholars and students of conspiracy theories, as well as those in the areas of political science, area studies, media studies, cultural studies, psychology, philosophy, and history, among others. Politicians, educators, and journalists will find this book a useful resource in countering disinformation in and about the region. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Harlot's Ghost Norman Mailer, 2007-01-23 With unprecedented scope and consummate skill, Norman Mailer unfolds a rich and riveting epic of an American spy. Harry Hubbard is the son and godson of CIA legends. His journey to learn the secrets of his society—and his own past—takes him through the Bay of Pigs, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the “momentous catastrophe” of the Kennedy assassination. All the while, Hubbard is haunted by women who were loved by both his godfather and President Kennedy. Featuring a tapestry of unforgettable characters both real and imagined, Harlot’s Ghost is a panoramic achievement in the tradition of Tolstoy, Melville, and Balzac, a triumph of Mailer’s literary prowess. Praise for Harlot’s Ghost “[Norman Mailer is] the right man to exalt the history of the CIA into something better than history.”—Anthony Burgess, The Washington Post Book World “Elegantly written and filled with almost electric tension . . . When I returned from the world of Harlot’s Ghost to the present I wished to be enveloped again by Mailer’s imagination.”—Robert Wilson, USA Today “Immense, fascinating, and in large part brilliant.”—Salman Rushdie, The Independent on Sunday “A towering creation . . . a fiction as real and as possible as actual history.”—The New York Times Praise for Norman Mailer “[Norman Mailer] loomed over American letters longer and larger than any other writer of his generation.”—The New York Times “A writer of the greatest and most reckless talent.”—The New Yorker “Mailer is indispensable, an American treasure.”—The Washington Post “A devastatingly alive and original creative mind.”—Life “Mailer is fierce, courageous, and reckless and nearly everything he writes has sections of headlong brilliance.”—The New York Review of Books “The largest mind and imagination [in modern] American literature . . . Unlike just about every American writer since Henry James, Mailer has managed to grow and become richer in wisdom with each new book.”—Chicago Tribune “Mailer is a master of his craft. His language carries you through the story like a leaf on a stream.”—The Cincinnati Post |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: The Nature of Conspiracy Theories Michael Butter, 2020-10-06 Conspiracy theories seem to be proliferating today. Long relegated to a niche existence, conspiracy theories are now pervasive, and older conspiracy theories have been joined by a constant stream of new ones – that the USA carried out the 9/11 attacks itself, that the Ukrainian crisis was orchestrated by NATO, that we are being secretly controlled by a New World Order that keep us docile via chemtrails and vaccinations. Not to mention the moon landing that never happened. But what are conspiracy theories and why do people believe them? Have they always existed or are they something new, a feature of our modern world? In this book Michael Butter provides a clear and comprehensive introduction to the nature and development of conspiracy theories. Contrary to popular belief, he shows that conspiracy theories are less popular and influential today than they were in the past. Up to the 1950s, the Western world regarded conspiracy theories as a legitimate form of knowledge and it was therefore normal to believe in them. It was only after the Second World War that this knowledge was delegitimized, causing conspiracy theories to be banished from public discourse and relegated to subcultures. The recent renaissance of conspiracy theories is linked to internet which gives them wider exposure and contributes to the fragmentation of the public sphere. Conspiracy theories are still stigmatized today in many sections of mainstream culture but are being accepted once again as legitimate knowledge in others. It is the clash between these domains and their different conceptions of truth that is fuelling the current debate over conspiracy theories. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Enemies Within Robert Alan Goldberg, 2001 From the Roswell UFO incident to the Communist threat to the rise of the Antichrist, there has been a hunger for conspiracy in America since World War II. In this enthralling book, Goldberg focuses on five major conspiracy theories of the past half century and examines why they became so popular. Illustrations. |
| conspiracy theories that turned out to be true: Conspiracy Theories Joseph E. Uscinski, Adam M. Enders, 2023 The second edition of this popular text, updated throughout and now including Covid-19 and the 2020 presidential election and aftermath, introduces students to the research into conspiracy theories and the people who propagate and believe them. In doing so, Uscinski and Enders address the psychological, sociological, and political sources of conspiracy theorizing. They rigorously analyze the most current arguments and evidence while providing numerous real-world examples so students can contextualize the current debates. Each chapter addresses important current questions, provides conceptual tools, defines important terms, and introduces the appropriate methods of analysis. |
12 Conspiracy Theories That Actually Turned Out to Be True
Jul 10, 2024 · Laughing at crazy conspiracy theories is good fun—until they turn out to be true. Take the conspiracy surrounding the “Project Sunshine,” for example. In the wake of …
11 Unbelievable Conspiracy Theories That Were Actually True
There are plenty of conspiracy theories out there that help fuel the imaginations of the truly paranoid; NASA faked the moon landing, Paul McCartney has been dead since 1967, 9/11 was …
17 "Conspiracy Theories" That Turned Out To Be Completely True
Aug 21, 2024 · These seventeen conspiracy theories turned out to be true, reminding us that truth can be stranger than fiction. As we navigate an era of fake news and misinformation, it is …
21 Once Dismissed Conspiracy Theories That Were Actually True
May 22, 2025 · The truth behind these once-dismissed theories shows how powerful organizations sometimes engage in secret activities that initially seem unbelievable. Here are …
Top 20 Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out to Be True
For this list, we'll be looking at the most shocking conspiracies that ended up being real. Our countdown includes Nazi Officers Tried to Kill Hitler, Tuskegee Study, Bohemian Grove, The …
Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out To Be True
Aug 3, 2020 · From Watergate to the assassination that jump started World War I, some insane conspiracy theories weren't just theories, they turned out to be just some of the troubling true …
6 Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out to Be True - Mental Floss
What follows are some conspiracy theories that turned out to be (at least partially or presciently) true. 1. It wasn't a weather balloon that crashed in Roswell, New Mexico.
Understanding Misbelief/Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out to Be True ...
Mar 10, 2025 · For decades, rumors circulated that the U.S. government was secretly experimenting on African American men with syphilis under the guise of treatment – a notion …
Top 2022 conspiracy theories that turned out to be true - BizNews
Jan 4, 2023 · This article looks at the top news stories in 2022 spun by mainstream media as conspiracy theories which time revealed to, instead, be hard truths, ranging from the …
Top 15 Conspiracy Theories That Were Actually True
However, there have been times when these so-called “theories” turned out to be true and even became attributed to some of the most significant events in history. Here are the top 15 …
12 Conspiracy Theories That Actually Turned Out to Be True
Jul 10, 2024 · Laughing at crazy conspiracy theories is good fun—until they turn out to be true. Take the conspiracy surrounding the “Project Sunshine,” for example. In the wake of Hiroshima …
11 Unbelievable Conspiracy Theories That Were Actually True
There are plenty of conspiracy theories out there that help fuel the imaginations of the truly paranoid; NASA faked the moon landing, Paul McCartney has been dead since 1967, 9/11 was an …
17 "Conspiracy Theories" That Turned Out To Be Completely True
Aug 21, 2024 · These seventeen conspiracy theories turned out to be true, reminding us that truth can be stranger than fiction. As we navigate an era of fake news and misinformation, it is crucial …
21 Once Dismissed Conspiracy Theories That Were Actually True
May 22, 2025 · The truth behind these once-dismissed theories shows how powerful organizations sometimes engage in secret activities that initially seem unbelievable. Here are 21 conspiracy …
Top 20 Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out to Be True
For this list, we'll be looking at the most shocking conspiracies that ended up being real. Our countdown includes Nazi Officers Tried to Kill Hitler, Tuskegee Study, Bohemian Grove, The …
Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out To Be True
Aug 3, 2020 · From Watergate to the assassination that jump started World War I, some insane conspiracy theories weren't just theories, they turned out to be just some of the troubling true …
6 Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out to Be True - Mental Floss
What follows are some conspiracy theories that turned out to be (at least partially or presciently) true. 1. It wasn't a weather balloon that crashed in Roswell, New Mexico.
Understanding Misbelief/Conspiracy Theories That Turned Out to Be True …
Mar 10, 2025 · For decades, rumors circulated that the U.S. government was secretly experimenting on African American men with syphilis under the guise of treatment – a notion …
Top 2022 conspiracy theories that turned out to be true
Jan 4, 2023 · This article looks at the top news stories in 2022 spun by mainstream media as conspiracy theories which time revealed to, instead, be hard truths, ranging from the …
Top 15 Conspiracy Theories That Were Actually True
However, there have been times when these so-called “theories” turned out to be true and even became attributed to some of the most significant events in history. Here are the top 15 …
