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| definition of sumerians: The Sumerians Samuel Noah Kramer, 2010-09-17 “A readable and up-to-date introduction to a most fascinating culture” from a world-renowned Sumerian scholar (American Journal of Archaeology). The Sumerians, the pragmatic and gifted people who preceded the Semites in the land first known as Sumer and later as Babylonia, created what was probably the first high civilization in the history of man, spanning the fifth to the second millenniums B.C. This book is an unparalleled compendium of what is known about them. Professor Kramer communicates his enthusiasm for his subject as he outlines the history of the Sumerian civilization and describes their cities, religion, literature, education, scientific achievements, social structure, and psychology. Finally, he considers the legacy of Sumer to the ancient and modern world. “An uncontested authority on the civilization of Sumer, Professor Kramer writes with grace and urbanity.” —Library Journal |
| definition of sumerians: The Sumerian World Harriet Crawford, 2013-08-29 The Sumerian World explores the archaeology, history and art of southern Mesopotamia and its relationships with its neighbours from c.3,000 - 2,000BC. Including material hitherto unpublished from recent excavations, the articles are organised thematically using evidence from archaeology, texts and the natural sciences. This broad treatment will also make the volume of interest to students looking for comparative data in allied subjects such as ancient literature and early religions. Providing an authoritative, comprehensive and up to date overview of the Sumerian period written by some of the best qualified scholars in the field, The Sumerian World will satisfy students, researchers, academics, and the knowledgeable layperson wishing to understand the world of southern Mesopotamia in the third millennium. |
| definition of sumerians: Sumerian Lexicon John Alan Halloran, 2006 With 6,400 entries, this is the most complete available lexicon of ancient Sumerian vocabulary. It replaces version 3 of the author's Sumerian Lexicon, which has served an audience of over 380,000 visitors at the web site www.sumerian.org since 1999. This published version adds over 2,600 new entries, and corrects or expands many of the previous entries. Also, following the express wish of a majority of online lexicon users, it has merged together and sorted the logogram words and the compound words into purely alphabetical order. This book will be an indispensable reference for anyone trying to translate Sumerian texts. Also, due to the historical position of ancient Sumer as the world's first urban civilisation, cultural and linguistic archaeologists will discover a wealth of information for research. |
| definition of sumerians: The Indo-Sumerian Seals Deciphered - Discovering Sumerians of Indus Valley as Phoenicians, Barats, Goths & Famous Vedic Aryans 3100-2300 B.C. L. A. Waddell, 2013-06-18 Within this fascinating volume the author explores the history of the Sumerians in light of contemporary archaeological discoveries at Indus Valley. The author examines these discoveries and explains how they hint to the fact that the “Sumerians” were the long lost 'Early Aryans', and that the people who colonised and civilised India, the Mediterranean, Northwestern Europe and Britain were also Aryans—specifically the Phoenician branch. “The Indo-Sumerian Seals Deciphered” is highly recommended for those with an interest in ancient history and the origins of civilisation. Contents include: “Sumerian Origin Of The Indo-Aryans”, “And Of Their Civilization And Date Of 'Invasion'”, “Sites Of The Indo-Sumerian Seals And Associated Buildings, Etc., In Indus Valley With Their Ancient History”, “The Seals, Their Stamp Shape And Animal 'symbols' And Division Into Official Signets And Grave-Amulets”, “Sumerian Script On Seals: Its General Form And Peculiarities And Its Language Aryan”, etc. Many vintage books such as this are increasingly scarce and expensive. It is with this in mind that we are republishing this volume now in an affordable, modern, high-quality edition complete with a specially-commissioned new biography of the author. |
| definition of sumerians: The Code of Hammurabi Hammurabi, Claude Hermann Walter Johns, 2024-11-24 The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1754 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. The sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi, enacted the code, and partial copies exist on a man-sized stone stele and various clay tablets. The Code consists of 282 laws, with scaled punishments, adjusting an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth (lex talionis) as graded depending on social status, of slave versus free man. Nearly one-half of the Code deals with matters of contract, establishing, for example, the wages to be paid to an ox driver or a surgeon. Other provisions set the terms of a transaction, establishing the liability of a builder for a house that collapses, for example, or property that is damaged while left in the care of another. A third of the code addresses issues concerning household and family relationships such as inheritance, divorce, paternity, and sexual behavior. Only one provision appears to impose obligations on an official; this provision establishes that a judge who reaches an incorrect decision is to be fined and removed from the bench permanently. A few provisions address issues related to military service. Hammurabi ruled for nearly 42 years, c. 1792 to 1750 BC according to the Middle chronology. In the preface to the law, he states, Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared Marduk, the patron god of Babylon (The Human Record, Andrea & Overfield 2005), to bring about the rule in the land. On the stone slab there are 44 columns and 28 paragraphs that contained 282 laws. The laws follow along the rules of 'an eye for an eye'. |
| definition of sumerians: The Lives of Sumerian Sculpture Jean M. Evans, 2012-10-08 This book examines the sculptures created during the Early Dynastic period (2900-2350 BC) of Sumer, a region corresponding to present-day southern Iraq. Featured almost exclusively in temple complexes, some 550 Early Dynastic stone statues of human figures carved in an abstract style have survived. Chronicling the intellectual history of ancient Near Eastern art history and archaeology at the intersection of sculpture and aesthetics, this book argues that the early modern reception of Sumer still influences ideas about these sculptures. Engaging also with the archaeology of the Early Dynastic temple, the book ultimately considers what a stone statue of a human figure has signified, both in modern times and in antiquity. |
| definition of sumerians: The Sumerians Paul Collins, 2021-03-22 The Sumerians are widely believed to have created the world’s earliest civilization on the fertile floodplains of southern Iraq from about 3500 to 2000 BCE. They have been credited with the invention of nothing less than cities, writing, and the wheel, and therefore hold an ancient mirror to our own urban, literate world. But is this picture correct? Paul Collins reveals how the idea of a Sumerian people was assembled from the archaeological and textual evidence uncovered in Iraq and Syria over the last one hundred fifty years. Reconstructed through the biases of those who unearthed them, the Sumerians were never simply lost and found, but reinvented a number of times, both in antiquity and in the more recent past. |
| definition of sumerians: Religion, Literature, and Scholarship: The Sumerian Composition Nanše and the Birds Niek Veldhuis, 2021-10-11 This book uses insights from religious studies, literary theory, and the history of science for understanding the Sumerian composition Nanše and the Birds in the context of the Old Babylonian scribal school. The discussions of Babylonian religion, literature, and scholarship focus on the usefulness and relevance of these modern concepts for categorizing the ancient text. The volume presents the first critical edition of Nanše and the Birds, as well as editions of the hymn Nanše B and all third millennium and Old Babylonian lexical lists of birds. It includes 37 plates with photographs and line drawings, including many previously unpublished tablets. The final chapter discusses the identity and orthography of all Sumerian bird names in literary, administrative and lexical texts. |
| definition of sumerians: The Lives of Sumerian Sculpture Jean M. Evans, 2012-10-08 This book examines the sculptures created during the Early Dynastic period (2900–2350 BC) of Sumer, a region corresponding to present-day southern Iraq. Featured almost exclusively in temple complexes, some 550 Early Dynastic stone statues of human figures carved in an abstract style have survived. Chronicling the intellectual history of ancient Near Eastern art history and archaeology at the intersection of sculpture and aesthetics, this book argues that the early modern reception of Sumer still influences ideas about these sculptures. Engaging also with the archaeology of the Early Dynastic temple, the book ultimately considers what a stone statue of a human figure has signified, both in modern times and in antiquity. |
| definition of sumerians: The Grammar of Perspective Christopher Woods, 2008-01-01 The so-called Sumerian conjugation prefixes are the most poorly understood and perplexing elements of Sumerian verbal morphology. Approaching the problem from a functional-typological perspective and basing the analysis upon semantics, Professor Woods argues that these elements, in their primary function, constitute a system of grammatical voice, in which the active voice is set against the middle voice. The latter is represented by heavy and light markers that differ with respect to focus and emphasis. As a system of grammatical voice, the conjugation prefixes provided Sumerian speakers with a linguistic means of altering the perspective from which events may be viewed, giving speakers a series of options for better approximating in language the infinitely graded spectrum of human conceptualization and experience. |
| definition of sumerians: History Begins at Sumer Samuel Noah Kramer, 1981 Kramer ranked among the world's foremost Sumerologists. . . . The book will interest both the scholar and the general educated reader.--Religious Studies Bulletin |
| definition of sumerians: Greece and Mesopotamia Johannes Haubold, 2013-06-27 This book proposes a new approach to the study of ancient Greek and Mesopotamian literature. Ranging from Homer and Gilgamesh to Herodotus and the Babylonian-Greek author Berossos, it paints a picture of two literary cultures that, over the course of time, became profoundly entwined. Along the way, the book addresses many questions that are of interest to the student of the ancient world: how did the literature of Greece relate to that of its eastern neighbours? What did ancient readers from different cultures think it meant to be human? Who invented the writing of universal history as we know it? How did the Greeks come to divide the world into Greeks and 'barbarians', and what happened when they came to live alongside those 'barbarians' after the conquests of Alexander the Great? In addressing these questions, the book draws on cutting-edge research in comparative literature, postcolonial studies and archive theory. |
| definition of sumerians: The Sumerian Language Marie-Louise Thomsen, 1984 |
| definition of sumerians: Mesopotamia Kathleen Kuiper Manager, Arts and Culture, 2010-08-15 Presents an introduction to the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, from the earliest rise of the Sumerians to the seventh century C.E. Sasanian period, discussing the history, government, literature, religion, art, and architecture of each era. |
| definition of sumerians: Mesopotamia Ariane Thomas, Timothy Potts, 2020 Mesopotamia, in modern-day Iraq, was home to the remarkable ancient civilizations of Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria. From the rise of the first cities around 3500 BCE, through the mighty empires of Nineveh and Babylon, to the demise of its native culture around 100 CE, Mesopotamia produced some of the most powerful and captivating art of antiquity and led the world in astronomy, mathematics, and other sciences—a legacy that lives on today. Mesopotamia: Civilization Begins presents a rich panorama of ancient Mesopotamia’s history, from its earliest prehistoric cultures to its conquest by Alexander the Great in 331 BCE. This catalogue records the beauty and variety of the objects on display, on loan from the Louvre’s unparalleled collection of ancient Near Eastern antiquities: cylinder seals, monumental sculptures, cuneiform tablets, jewelry, glazed bricks, paintings, figurines, and more. Essays by international experts explore a range of topics, from the earliest French excavations to Mesopotamia’s economy, religion, cities, cuneiform writing, rulers, and history—as well as its enduring presence in the contemporary imagination. |
| definition of sumerians: Sumerian Roots of Jaredite-Derived Names and Terminology in the Book of Mormon Jerry Grover, Jr., 2017-05-10 Jaredite Names and Terminology in the Book of Mormon have been identified to a Mesoamerican construction of compound words originating from ancient Sumerian |
| definition of sumerians: Sumer and the Sumerians Harriet E. W. Crawford, 2004-09-16 Mesopotamia produced one of the best-known ancient civilizations, with a literate, urban culture and highly-developed political institutions. In this fully revised and expanded edition of her classic text, Sumer and the Sumerians, Harriet Crawford reviews the extraordinary social and technological developments in the region from 3800 to 2000 BC. Drawing on the most up-to-date historical and archaeological sources, she provides a thematic exploration of this ancient civilization, examining its physical and historical background, changing settlement patterns, public and private architecture and cultural developments of the period. In this new edition, the chapter on Manufacturing Industries and Trade has been enlarged and divided into two chapters. In addition, a new chapter on the contemporary developments in Upper Mesopotamia is included. The final chapter reflects on the future of the heritage of Iraq in the aftermath of the second Gulf War. |
| definition of sumerians: Defining and Measuring Nature Jeffrey Huw Williams, 2014-03-01 Weights and measures form an essential part of our ingrained view of the world. It is just about impossible to function effectively without some internalized system of measurement. In this volume, I outline a history of the science of measurement, and the |
| definition of sumerians: An Introduction to the Grammar of Sumerian Gábor Zólyomi, 2017 This textbook provides an introduction to the grammar of Sumerian, one of the oldest documented languages in the world. It not only synthesizes the results of recent scholarship but introduces original insights on many important questions. The book is designed to appeal to readers of all backgrounds, including those with no prior background in Sumerian or cuneiform writing.It is written for undergraduate students and structured for a semester-long course: the order of the topics is determined by didactic considerations, with the focus on syntactic analysis and evidence. It explains the functioning of Sumerian grammar in 16 lessons, illustrated with more than 500 fully glossed examples. Each lesson ends with a series of tasks; a solution key to selected exercises can be found at the end of the volume. Above all, this is the first Sumerian textbook that introduces and utilizes the online assyriological resources available on the internet. An Introduction to the Grammar of Sumerian has been written on the assumption that after decades of grammatical research it has become possible now to teach a general framework of Sumerian grammar that may function as the basis of further, more intensive and elaborate studies. |
| definition of sumerians: The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross John M. John M. Allegro, 2014-12-10 This book is the first published statement of the fruits of some years' work of a largely philological nature. It presents a new appreciation of the relationship of the languages of the ancient world and the implication of this advance for our understanding of the Bible and of the origins of Christianity. |
| definition of sumerians: Ancient Mesopotamia A. Leo Oppenheim, 2013-01-31 This splendid work of scholarship . . . sums up with economy and power all that the written record so far deciphered has to tell about the ancient and complementary civilizations of Babylon and Assyria.—Edward B. Garside, New York Times Book Review Ancient Mesopotamia—the area now called Iraq—has received less attention than ancient Egypt and other long-extinct and more spectacular civilizations. But numerous small clay tablets buried in the desert soil for thousands of years make it possible for us to know more about the people of ancient Mesopotamia than any other land in the early Near East. Professor Oppenheim, who studied these tablets for more than thirty years, used his intimate knowledge of long-dead languages to put together a distinctively personal picture of the Mesopotamians of some three thousand years ago. Following Oppenheim's death, Erica Reiner used the author's outline to complete the revisions he had begun. To any serious student of Mesopotamian civilization, this is one of the most valuable books ever written.—Leonard Cottrell, Book Week Leo Oppenheim has made a bold, brave, pioneering attempt to present a synthesis of the vast mass of philological and archaeological data that have accumulated over the past hundred years in the field of Assyriological research.—Samuel Noah Kramer, Archaeology A. Leo Oppenheim, one of the most distinguished Assyriologists of our time, was editor in charge of the Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute and John A. Wilson Professor of Oriental Studies at the University of Chicago. |
| definition of sumerians: Sacred Marriages Martti Nissinen, Risto Uro, 2008-06-30 The title of this volume, Sacred Marriages, consciously plays with the traditional concept of sacred marriage, but the plural form, “sacred marriages,” gives the reader an idea that something more is at stake here than a monomaniacal idea of manifestations deriving from a single prototype. Following the guidelines of one of the contributors, Ruben Zimmermann, the editors tentatively define “sacred marriage” as a “real or symbolic union of two complementary entities, imagined as gendered, in a religious context.” “Sacred marriages” (plural), then, refers to various expressions of this kind of union in different cultures that seek to overcome, to cite Zimmermann again, “the great dualism of human and cosmic existence.” The subtitle indicates that the contributors are primarily interested in different aspects of the divine-human sexual metaphor—that is, the imagining and reenactment of a gendered relationship between the human and divine worlds. This metaphor, which is essentially about relationship rather than sexual acts, can find textual, ritual, mythical, and social expressions in different times and places. Indeed, the sacred marriage ritual itself should be considered not a manifestation of the “sacralized power of sexuality experienced in sexual intercourse” but one way of objectifying the divine-human sexual metaphor. |
| definition of sumerians: The Literature of Ancient Sumer Jeremy A. Black, 2006 Sumerian is the oldest written language of ancient Iraq, first written down some 5,000 years ago. Its literature, encompassing narrative myths, lyrical hymns, proverbs and love poetry, provides a stimulating insight into the world's first urban civilization. This is a comprehensive collection. |
| definition of sumerians: The Human Reality Valentin Matcas, 2016-04-20 There is a difference between the material objective world and the actual human reality, since the human reality is very vast, formed of this physical objective world, and much more. Since there is a difference between the actual human reality and the current knowledge about the human reality, while by altering the knowledge itself about the human reality, it remains separated into the consensual human reality and the actual, normal, objective human reality. While if you lack awareness of all these, you end up exploited, as a human being, in a human world. Because you cannot study the human reality without comprehending those controlling the knowledge about the human reality and how they do so forcefully, consensually, or through stereotypes set in place since Aristotle and long before, since this is how they end up controlling you, and the entire world. Furthermore, you cannot form an accurate model of the universe if you do not understand yourself, if you do not understand exactly your needs driving you to perform this study, if you do not understand your mind constituting your means of understanding the universe, and if you do not understand Life altogether spanning the universe, actively involved in its structure, shape, behavior and development. At the same time, understanding the world around is the key to understanding yourself, your life, and your meaning in life and in the world, closing this circle of knowledge. Since this is why we consider the most relevant circumstances behind the famous studies of the world, we find true ideas and how they influence the understanding of the world throughout time, we seek to understand how and why people accept consensual, scientific, and ideological models of this world and how this influences their life, interconnectivity, and development, while we discover systematically this entire world. Furthermore, we use this study of the human reality to test all significant knowledge and ideas, including human reasoning, past civilizations, indoctrination, Einstein, astral planes of existence, ideologies, Renaissance, the Brotherhood, ideological control, ages of Earth, cosmogony, social and mind control, Giordano Bruno, consensual interconnectivity, Relativity, human origins and development, Copernicus, the Consensual Matrix, the Big Bang Theory, dreams, ancient wars, stereotypes, Galileo Galilei, conscious reasoning, Schrodinger, his cat, Creationism, alternate realities, and much more, the entire human reality. This book studies systematically the human reality, focusing on accurate truth while discarding beliefs and errors of reasoning, correlating with all relevant knowledge form physics, religion, spirituality, society, education, history, psychology, and more. If you want to learn more about everything surrounding you and everything that you really are, this book is for you. |
| definition of sumerians: Legend of Sumeria Biju Parekkadan, Jason Webb, 2018-03-15 Legend of Sumeria is a hard science graphic novel that unravels a story of genetics, identity, and the fate of the human race. When the world becomes governed by genetics, who will have the code to save the species? |
| definition of sumerians: The Rise of Man in the Gardens of Sumeria Christine Preston, 2009-06-15 Lieut.-Col. Laurence Austine Waddell (1854 1938) was a British Army officer with an established reputation mainly due to a work on the 'Buddhism' of Tibet, his explorations of the Himalayas, and a biography which included records of the 1903-4 military expedition to Lhasa (Lhasa and its Mysteries). Waddell was also in the limelight due to his acquisition of Tibetan manuscripts which he donated to the British Museum. His overriding interest was in 'Aryan origins'. After learning Sanskrit and Tibetan, and in between military expeditions and gathering intelligence from the borders of Tibet in the Great Game, Waddell researched Lamaïsm. He extended his activities to Archaeology, Philology and Ethnology, and was credited with discoveries in relation to Buddha. His personal ambition was to locate records of ancient civilisation in Tibetan lamaseries. Waddell is little known as an archaeologist and scholar, in contrast with his fame in the Oriental field, due to the controversial nature of his published works dealing with 'Aryan themes'. Waddell studied Sumerian and presented evidence that an Aryan migration fleeing Sargon II carried Sumerian records to India. He interrupted his comparative studies of Sumerian and Indian king-lists to publish a work on Phoenician origins and decipherment of Indus Valley seals, the inscriptions of which he claimed were similar to Sumerian pictogram signs cited from G. A. Barton's plates, which are reproduced in this volume. Waddell's life is reconstructed from primary sources, such as letters from Marc Aurel Stein at the British Museum and Theophilus G Pinches, held in the Special Collections at the University of Glasgow Library. Special attention is paid to the contemporary reception of his theories, with the objective of re-evaluating his contribution; they are contrasted to past and present academic views, in addition to an overview of relevant discoveries in Archaeology. |
| definition of sumerians: The Epic of Gilgamish Reginald Campbell Thompson, 1930 |
| definition of sumerians: Explanation of Sumerian Tablets, Slabs and seals and Translation of Cuneiform Inscriptions. Vol1 Maximillien De Lafayette, 2014-08-26 |
| definition of sumerians: Ancient Mediterranean Religions John C. Stephens, 2016-06-22 This book offers a clear and concise historical overview of the major religious movements of the ancient Mediterranean world existing from the time of the second millennium BCE up until the fourth century CE, including both the Judeo-Christian and pagan religious traditions. Recognizing the significant role of religious institutions in human history and acknowledging the diversity of religious ideas and practices in the ancient Mediterranean world, “religion” is defined as a collection of myths, beliefs, rituals, ethical practices, social institutions and experiences related to the realm of the sacred cosmos. Without focusing too much attention on technicalities and complex vocabulary, the book provides an introductory road map for exploring the vast array of religious data permeating the ancient Mediterranean world. Through an examination of literary and archeological evidence, the book summarizes the fundamental religious beliefs and practices of the ancient Near Eastern world, including the religious traditions of ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt and Israel. Turning westward, the fascinating world of ancient Greek and Roman religion is considered next. The discussion begins with a description of Minoan-Mycenaean religion, followed by a consideration of classical Roman and Greek religion. Next, the numerous religious movements that blossomed during Hellenistic-Roman times are discussed. In addition, the fundamental theological contributions of various Greco-Roman philosophical schools of thought, including Orphism, Stoicism, Pythagoreanism, Platonism and Neo-Platonism, are described. Greco-Roman philosophy functioned as a quasi-religious outlook for many, and played a decisive role in the evolution of religion in the classical and Hellenistic period. The theological speculations of the philosophers regarding the nature of God and the soul made a huge impact in religious circles during the classical and Hellenistic era. Moving forward in history from archaic and classical times to the later Hellenistic-Roman period, the old religious order of the past falls by the wayside and a new updated religious paradigm begins to develop throughout the Mediterranean world, with a greater emphasis being placed upon the religious individual and the expression of personal religious feelings. There are several important social and historical reasons for this shift in perspective and these factors are explained in the chapter focusing upon personal religion in Hellenistic times. Since the entire religious topography of the ancient Mediterranean world is rarely outlined in a single volume, this book will be a welcome addition to anyone’s library. |
| definition of sumerians: Learn to Read Ancient Sumerian Joshua Bowen, Megan Lewis, 2020 |
| definition of sumerians: Riches Hidden in Secret Places Thorkild Jacobsen, 2002 Providing a scholar's salute to a teacher, colleague, and friend, the contributors of this new volume honor the memory of Thorkild Jacobsen with essays on Mesopotamian history, culture, literature, and religion. Contributors include: Tzvi Abusch, John Huehnergard, Bendt Alster, Jeremy Black, Miguel Civil, Jerrold S. Cooper, M. J. Geller, Stephen A. Geller, Samuel Greengus, William W. Hallo, Wolfgang Heimpel, Jacob Klein, W. G. Lambert, Jack M. Sasson, Ake W. Sjoberg, Piotr Steinkeller, H. L. J. Vanstiphout, and Claus Wilcke. |
| definition of sumerians: Sex and Eroticism in Mesopotamian Literature Dr Gwendolyn Leick, 2013-01-11 Sex and Eroticism in Mesopotamian Literature is a new contribution to current debates about sex and eroticism. It gives an insight into Mesopotamian attitudes to sexuality by examining the oldest preserved written evidence on the subject - the Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform sources - which were written between the 21st and the 5th centuries B.C. Using these long-neglected and often astonishing data, Gwendolyn Leick is able to anlayse Mesopotamian views of prostitution, love magic and deviant sexual behaviour as well as more general issues of sexuality and gender. This fascinating book sheds light on the sexual culture of one of the earliest literate civilisations. |
| definition of sumerians: The Meaning of Color in Ancient Mesopotamia Shiyanthi Thavapalan, 2020 In The Meaning of Color in Ancient Mesopotamia, Shiyanthi Thavapalan explores the development of color language in the Akkadian language (c. 2500-500 BCE) in light of local artistic and scientific traditions. |
| definition of sumerians: The Anunnaki Connection Heather Lynn, 2020 Over 6,000 years ago, the world's first civilization, the Sumerians, were recording stories of strange celestial gods whom they believed came from the heavens to create mankind. These gods, known as the Anunnaki, are often neglected by mainstream historians. This book connects a diverse range of new and existing theories about the Anunnaki, offering a definitive guide to Mesopotamian gods while exploring what role they might have played in engineering mankind, as well as their possible connection to humanity's past, present, and future-- |
| definition of sumerians: Reading Sumerian Poetry Jeremy Black, 2000-12-01 An analysis of the oldest form of poetry. Sumer, in the southern part of Iraq, created the first literary culture in history, as early as 2500BC. The account is structured around a complete English translation of the fragmentary Lugalbanda poems, narrating the adventures of the eponymous hero. The study reveals a work of a rich and sophisticated poetic imagination and technique, which, far from being in any sense 'primitive', are so complex as to resist much modern literary analysis. |
| definition of sumerians: A Sumer-Aryan Dictionary Laurence Austine Waddell, 1927 |
| definition of sumerians: Description and Explanation of Anunnaki, Babylonian, Sumerian, Akkadian, Assyrian, Phoenician Slabs, Seals, Inscriptions, Statues, Tablets and Secret Symbols Germain Lumiere/ Maximillien de Lafayette, 2010-04-24 The first book ever written about Babylon, Sumer, Phoenicia, Hittites and the Anunnaki slabs, tablets/inscriptions. Based on the original work, writings and lectures of Ulema de Lafayette from 1962 to the present. Each artifact is described, translated and explained. A major masterpiece! The world's first documentation on the existence of the extraterrestrial gods who created our civilizations. Hundreds of photos & illustrations. This book was written to deal with and to explain all the meanings, mysteries and secrets of ancient civilizations connected with the Anunnaki, and to provide the readers with sufficient guidance, translation and explanation of major archeological finds, ranging from a figurine to a massive monument. |
| definition of sumerians: Maps of Meaning Jordan B. Peterson, 2002-09-11 Why have people from different cultures and eras formulated myths and stories with similar structures? What does this similarity tell us about the mind, morality, and structure of the world itself? From the author of 12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos comes a provocative hypothesis that explores the connection between what modern neuropsychology tells us about the brain and what rituals, myths, and religious stories have long narrated. A cutting-edge work that brings together neuropsychology, cognitive science, and Freudian and Jungian approaches to mythology and narrative, Maps ofMeaning presents a rich theory that makes the wisdom and meaning of myth accessible to the critical modern mind. |
| definition of sumerians: Egypt's Legacy Michael Rice, 2004-03 In Egypt's Legacy, Michael Rice explains the majesty and enduring appeal of Egyptian Civilization. He draws on Jungian psychology to show why Egypt has been so important in the history of the West. |
| definition of sumerians: Ancient Near Eastern Literature and the Hebrew Scriptures about the Fatherhood of God David Tasker, 2004 Ancient Near Eastern Literature and the Hebrew Scriptures About the Fatherhood of God discusses some of the main «father-god» concepts of the people of the Ancient Near East, then examines the eighteen occurrences of God's fatherhood specifically mentioned in Hebrew Scripture. From these sources, the book develops a theology of God's fatherhood that honors both ancient and modern scrutiny. Although many studies have explored the subject of the fatherhood of God - mostly from the perspective of nonbiblical disciplines, and through the lens of Greco-Roman mythology - this book takes into account the wealth of material from the ancient Near East, the birthplace of the Hebrew Scriptures. |
DEFINITION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of DEFINITION is a statement of the meaning of a word or word group or a sign or symbol. How to use definition in a sentence.
DEFINITION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Definition definition: the act of defining, or of making something definite, distinct, or clear.. See examples of DEFINITION used in a sentence.
DEFINITION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
DEFINITION definition: 1. a statement that explains the meaning of a word or phrase: 2. a description of the features and…. Learn more.
definition noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of definition noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
DEFINITION definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
A definition is a statement giving the meaning of a word or expression, especially in a dictionary.
Definition - Wikipedia
A definition states the meaning of a word using other words. This is sometimes challenging. Common dictionaries contain lexical descriptive definitions, but there are various types of …
Definition - definition of definition by The Free Dictionary
Define definition. definition synonyms, definition pronunciation, definition translation, English dictionary definition of definition. n. 1. a. A statement of the meaning of a word, phrase, or term, …
Oxford English Dictionary
The historical English dictionary. An unsurpassed guide for researchers in any discipline to the meaning, history, and usage of over 500,000 words and phrases across the English-speaking …
Definition Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
DEFINITION meaning: 1 : an explanation of the meaning of a word, phrase, etc. a statement that defines a word, phrase, etc.; 2 : a statement that describes what something is
Definitions.net
Definition of SCRAT - a small, insignificant thing or amount, according 2 Merriam-Webster, so I'm assuming a SCRAT bath is an insignificant bath.
DEFINITION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of DEFINITION is a statement of the meaning of a word or word group or a sign or symbol. How to use definition in a sentence.
DEFINITION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Definition definition: the act of defining, or of making something definite, distinct, or clear.. See examples of DEFINITION used in a sentence.
DEFINITION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
DEFINITION definition: 1. a statement that explains the meaning of a word or phrase: 2. a description of the features and…. Learn more.
definition noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of definition noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
DEFINITION definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
A definition is a statement giving the meaning of a word or expression, especially in a dictionary.
Definition - Wikipedia
A definition states the meaning of a word using other words. This is sometimes challenging. Common dictionaries contain lexical descriptive definitions, but there are various types of …
Definition - definition of definition by The Free Dictionary
Define definition. definition synonyms, definition pronunciation, definition translation, English dictionary definition of definition. n. 1. a. A statement of the meaning of a word, phrase, or …
Oxford English Dictionary
The historical English dictionary. An unsurpassed guide for researchers in any discipline to the meaning, history, and usage of over 500,000 words and phrases across the English-speaking …
Definition Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
DEFINITION meaning: 1 : an explanation of the meaning of a word, phrase, etc. a statement that defines a word, phrase, etc.; 2 : a statement that describes what something is
Definitions.net
Definition of SCRAT - a small, insignificant thing or amount, according 2 Merriam-Webster, so I'm assuming a SCRAT bath is an insignificant bath.
