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| conspiracy theories that proved true: A Lot of People Are Saying Nancy L. Rosenblum, Russell Muirhead, 2020-02-18 How the new conspiracists are undermining democracy—and what can be done about it Conspiracy theories are as old as politics. But conspiracists today have introduced something new—conspiracy without theory. And the new conspiracism has moved from the fringes to the heart of government with the election of Donald Trump. In A Lot of People Are Saying, Russell Muirhead and Nancy Rosenblum show how the new conspiracism differs from classic conspiracy theory, how it undermines democracy, and what needs to be done to resist it. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion Sergei Nilus, Victor Emile Marsden, 2019-02-26 The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is almost certainly fiction, but its impact was not. Originating in Russia, it landed in the English-speaking world where it caused great consternation. Much is made of German anti-semitism, but there was fertile soil for The Protocols across Europe and even in America, thanks to Henry Ford and others. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Knowledge Goes Pop Clare Birchall, 2006-09-05 A voice on late night radio tells you that a fast food restaurant injects its food with drugs that make men impotent. A colleague asks if you think the FBI was in on 9/11. An alien abductee on the Internet claims extra-terrestrials have planted a microchip in her body. Julia Roberts in Porn Scandal shouts the front page of a gossip mag. A spiritual healer claims he can cure chronic fatigue syndrome with the energizing power of crystals . . . What do you believe? Knowledge Goes Pop examines the popular knowledges that saturate our everyday experience. We make this information and then it shapes the way we see the world. How valid is it when compared to official knowledge and why does such (mis)information cause so much institutional anxiety? This book examines the range of knowledge, from conspiracy theory to plain gossip, and its role and impact in our culture. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: The Psychology of Conspiracy Theories Jan-Willem van Prooijen, 2018 Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Preface -- 1 Psychology of conspiracy theories -- 2 When do people believe conspiracy theories? -- 3 The architecture of belief -- 4 The social roots of conspiracy theories -- 5 Conspiracy theories and ideology -- 6 Explaining and reducing conspiracy theories -- Further reading -- Notes -- References |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Rough Guide to Conspiracy Theories, The (3rd) James McConnachie, Robin Tudge, 2013-02-01 Fully revised and updated, The Rough Guide to Conspiracy Theories sorts the myths from the realities, the allegations from the explanations and the paranoid from the probable. Who might be trying to convince us that climate change is or isn't real? What is the truth behind the death of Osama bin Laden and is he still alive? When did the CIA start experimenting with mind control? Where is the HAARP installation and did it have anything to do with the Japanese tsunami disaster? Why is surveillance in our cities and online so widespread and what are the real benefits? This definitive guide to the world's most controversial conspiracies wanders through a maze of sinister secrets, suspicious cover-ups hidden agendas and clandestine operations to explore all these questions - and many many more. Now available in ePub format. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Eurabia-paperback Bat Yeʼor, 2005 This book is about the transformation of Europe into Eurabia, a cultural and political appendage of the Arab/Muslim world. Eurabia is fundamentally anti-Christian, anti-Western, anti-American, and antisemitic. The institution responsible for this transformation, and that continues to propagate its ideological message, is the Euro-Arab Dialogue, developed by European and Arab politicians and intellectuals over the past thirty years.--From publisher description. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Creating Conspiracy Beliefs Dolores Albarracin, Julia Albarracin, Man-pui Sally Chan, Kathleen Hall Jamieson, 2021-11-25 Drawing on psychology, political science, communication, and information sciences, this book explores the birth of conspiracy theories. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Antisemitic Conspiracy Theories in the Early Modern Iberian World Francois Soyer, 2019-03-27 In Antisemitic Conspiracy Theories in the Early Modern Iberian World: Narratives of Fear and Hatred, François Soyer offers the first detailed historical analysis of antisemitic conspiracy theories in Spain, Portugal and their overseas colonies between 1450 and 1750. These conspiracy theories accused Jews and conversos, the descendants of medieval Jewish converts to Christianity, of deadly plots and blamed them for a range of social, religious, military and economic problems. Ultimately, many Iberian antisemitic conspiracy theorists aimed to create a ‘moral panic’ about the converso presence in Iberian society, thereby justifying the legitimacy of ethnic discrimination within the Church and society. Moreover, they were also exploited by some churchmen seeking to impose an idealized sense of communal identity upon the lay faithful. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: The Paranoid Style in American Politics Richard Hofstadter, 2008-06-10 This timely reissue of Richard Hofstadter's classic work on the fringe groups that influence American electoral politics offers an invaluable perspective on contemporary domestic affairs.In The Paranoid Style in American Politics, acclaimed historian Richard Hofstadter examines the competing forces in American political discourse and how fringe groups can influence — and derail — the larger agendas of a political party. He investigates the politics of the irrational, shedding light on how the behavior of individuals can seem out of proportion with actual political issues, and how such behavior impacts larger groups. With such other classic essays as “Free Silver and the Mind of 'Coin' Harvey” and “What Happened to the Antitrust Movement?, ” The Paranoid Style in American Politics remains both a seminal text of political history and a vital analysis of the ways in which political groups function in the United States. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Vaccines Did Not Cause Rachel's Autism Peter J. Hotez, 2020-11-17 Internationally renowned medical scientist, frequent media contributor, and autism dad Dr. Peter J. Hotez explains why vaccines do not cause autism. In 1994, Peter J. Hotez's nineteen-month-old daughter, Rachel, was diagnosed with autism. Dr. Hotez, a pediatrician-scientist who develops vaccines for neglected tropical diseases affecting the world's poorest people, became troubled by the decades-long rise of the influential anti-vaccine community and its inescapable narrative around childhood vaccines and autism. In Vaccines Did Not Cause Rachel's Autism, Hotez draws on his experiences as a pediatrician, vaccine scientist, and father of an autistic child. Outlining the arguments on both sides of the debate, he examines the science that refutes the concerns of the anti-vaccine movement, debunks current conspiracy theories alleging a cover-up by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and critiques the scientific community's failure to effectively communicate the facts about vaccines and autism to the general public, all while sharing his very personal story of raising a now-adult daughter with autism. A uniquely authoritative account, this important book persuasively provides evidence for the genetic basis of autism and illustrates how the neurodevelopmental pathways of autism are under way before birth. Dr. Hotez reminds readers of the many victories of vaccines over disease while warning about the growing dangers of the anti-vaccine movement, especially in the United States and Europe. Now, with the anti-vaccine movement reenergized in our COVID-19 era, this book is especially timely. Vaccines Did Not Cause Rachel's Autism is a must-read for parent groups, child advocates, teachers, health-care providers, government policymakers, health and science policy experts, and anyone caring for a family member or friend with autism. When Peter Hotez—an erudite, highly trained scientist who is a true hero for his work in saving the world's poor and downtrodden—shares his knowledge and clinical insights along with his parental experience, when his beliefs in the value of what he does are put to the test of a life guiding his own child's challenges, then you must pay attention. You should. This book brings to an end the link between autism and vaccination.—from the foreword by Arthur L. Caplan, NYU School of Medicine |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: The Hitler Conspiracies Richard J. Evans, 2020 The Hitler Conspiracies focuses on five of the most enduring conspiracy theories involving the Nazi period, including those that accompanied and even buttressed Hitler's rise. A distinguished work of history, this book offers equally a hard look at our own troubled times, a post-truth era in which alternative facts have gained new standing. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Proofs of a Conspiracy John Robison, |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: American Conspiracy Theories Joseph E. Uscinski, Joseph M. Parent, 2014 Conspiracies theories are some of the most striking features in the American political landscape: the Kennedy assassination, aliens at Roswell, subversion by Masons, Jews, Catholics, or communists, and modern movements like Birtherism and Trutherism. But what do we really know about conspiracy theories? Do they share general causes? Are they becoming more common? More dangerous? Who is targeted and why? Who are the conspiracy theorists? How has technology affected conspiracy theorising? This book offers the first century-long view of these issues. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: A Culture of Conspiracy Michael Barkun, 2003 Unravelling the genealogies and permutations of conspiracist worldviews, this work shows how this web of urban legends has spread among sub-cultures on the Internet and through mass media, and how this phenomenon relates to larger changes in American culture. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Enemies Within Robert Alan Goldberg, 2001 From the Roswell UFO incident to the Communist threat to the rise of the Antichrist, there has been a hunger for conspiracy in America since World War II. In this enthralling book, Goldberg focuses on five major conspiracy theories of the past half century and examines why they became so popular. Illustrations. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Debunking Conspiracy Theories Anna Maria Johnson, 2018-12-15 Thanks to websites and social media platforms, conspiracy theories are able to reach a wider audience today than ever before. Such theories both fascinate and alarm critical thinkers because they challenge media consumers of all ages to hone their media literacy skills. This volume introduces the basic critical thinking concepts needed in order to evaluate the credibility of conspiracy theories, such as those surrounding the September 11 terrorist attacks and allegations of crisis actors after mass shootings, as well as the skills needed to debunk such theories. Case studies and examples walk the reader step-by-step through the methods readers can use to process and evaluate information related to conspiracy theories, helping to separate fact from fiction. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Conspiracy Theories and the People who Believe Them Joseph E. Uscinski, 2019 Conspiracy theories are inevitable in complex human societies. And while they have always been with us, their ubiquity in our political discourse is nearly unprecedented. Their salience has increased for a variety of reasons including the increasing access to information among ordinary people, a pervasive sense of powerlessness among those same people, and a widespread distrust of elites. Working in combination, these factors and many other factors are now propelling conspiracy theories into our public sphere on a vast scale. In recent years, scholars have begun to study this genuinely important phenomenon in a concerted way. In Conspiracy Theories and the People Who Believe Them, Joseph E. Uscinski has gathered forty top researchers on the topic to provide both the foundational tools and the evidence to better understand conspiracy theories in the United States and around the world. Each chapter is informed by three core questions: Why do so many people believe in conspiracy theories? What are the effects of such theories when they take hold in the public? What can or should be done about the phenomenon? Combining systematic analysis and cutting-edge empirical research, this volume will help us better understand an extremely important, yet relatively neglected, phenomenon. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Conspiracy & Populism Eirikur Bergmann, 2018-08-20 Europeans are being replaced by foreign invaders, aided by cultural Marxists who are plotting an Islamist subversion of the continent. The Bilderberg group – and/or the Illuminati – are instating a totalitarian New World Order. Angela Merkel is the secret daughter of Adolf Hitler, Barack Obama was illegitimate, and George W. Bush was in on the 9/11 attacks. Also, the Holocaust is a hoax, members of Pussy Riot are agents of the West, and the European Union is resurrecting the Roman Empire, this time as a communist super-state. These are some of the tales that are told by populist political actors across Europe, were raised during the Brexit debate in the UK, and have been promoted by presidents of both the US and Russia. Rapid rise of populist political parties around Europe and across the Atlantic in the early new millennium coincided with the simultaneous increased spread of conspiracy theories. This book entangles the two tropes and maps how right-wing populists apply conspiracy theories to advance their politics and support for their parties. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: The World?s Strangest Forgotten Conspiracy Theories Conrad Bauer, 2015-11-23 Explore the World most astonishing and mystifying forgotten conspiracy theories. Not only are these possible cover-ups and controversial conspiracy theories fascinating, they will surprise you. Find out for yourself where the truth lies.Everyone has that one theory they're absolutely convinced is true. Occasionally, we all stray from the generally accepted facts and - when we're eventually proved right - it's an incredibly satisfying feeling. While these theories typically revolve around the mundane aspects of our day to day lives, there is the occasional theory that goes a little deeper. When we move away from the ordinary and towards the powerful, the influential, and the important, these theories begin to take on an additional level of significance. When you suspect that more than one person is involved and is perhaps trying to hide the truth, you've uncovered a conspiracy theory.But the idea of the conspiracy theory has, in recent years, taken on a negative perception. With many people quick to dismiss these theories as being strange, convoluted, and the product of people with too much time on their hands, they can often be one of the best ways to peel back the veil of miscomprehension and look closer as the actual facts in any kind of circumstance. While most people expect every conspiracy theory to link the Military Industrial Complex to the Illuminati, some are far simpler and far, far better supported by the facts.In this book, we will examine some of the forgotten theories. We will look closely at those theories that run closer to the reality of modern life. These will include some of the most important events of the last century and some seemingly more trivial theories. However, the key tenants of each case remain the same. In each, the theory suggests that there had been a deliberate attempt to cover up the truth by a collection of individuals working toward a hidden, sometimes sinister goal. Read on and find out more about the world's strangest forgotten conspiracy theories.Scroll back up and grab your copy now| |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: The Psychology of Conspiracy Michal Bilewicz, Aleksandra Cichocka, Wiktor Soral, 2015-05-15 Why did the third World Trade Center building (WTC7) collapse on September 11th , even though it was not struck by any aircraft? Why did Princess Diana’s drunk driver look sober as he climbed into the car minutes before their deadly accident? Could a slender birch tree really have caused the plane crash which killed the President of Poland in 2010? ‘Conspiracy thinking’ – the search for explanations of significant global events in clandestine plots, suppressed knowledge and the secret actions of elite groups – provides simple and logical answers to the social doubts and uncertainties that occur at times of major national and international crises. Contemporary social psychology seeks to explain the human motivation to create, share and receive conspiracy theories, and to shed light on the consequences of these theories for people’s social and political functioning. This important collection, written by leading researchers in the field, is the first to apply quantitative empirical findings to the subject of conspiracy theorizing. The first section of the book explores conspiracy theories in the context of group perception and intergroup relations, paying particular attention to anti-Semitic conspiracy stereotypes. It then goes on to examine the relationship between an individual’s political ideology and the degree to which they engage in ‘conspiracy thinking’. The concluding part of the book considers the explanatory power of conspiracy, focusing on the link between social paranoia and digital media, and highlighting the social, political, and environmental consequences of conspiracy theories. The Psychology of Conspiracy will be of great interest to academics and researchers in social and political psychology, and a valuable resource to those in the fields of social policy, anthropology, political science, and cultural studies. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Conspiracy Theories Joseph E. Uscinski, Adam M. Enders, 2023 The second edition of this popular text, updated throughout and now including Covid-19 and the 2020 presidential election and aftermath, introduces students to the research into conspiracy theories and the people who propagate and believe them. In doing so, Uscinski and Enders address the psychological, sociological, and political sources of conspiracy theorizing. They rigorously analyze the most current arguments and evidence while providing numerous real-world examples so students can contextualize the current debates. Each chapter addresses important current questions, provides conceptual tools, defines important terms, and introduces the appropriate methods of analysis. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Conspiracy Theories Quassim Cassam, 2019-11-01 9/11 was an inside job. The Holocaust is a myth promoted to serve Jewish interests. The shootings at Sandy Hook Elementary School were a false flag operation. Climate change is a hoax perpetrated by the Chinese government. These are all conspiracy theories. A glance online or at bestseller lists reveals how popular some of them are. Even if there is plenty of evidence to disprove them, people persist in propagating them. Why? Philosopher Quassim Cassam explains how conspiracy theories are different from ordinary theories about conspiracies. He argues that conspiracy theories are forms of propaganda and their function is to promote a political agenda. Although conspiracy theories are sometimes defended on the grounds that they uncover evidence of bad behaviour by political leaders, they do much more harm than good, with some resulting in the deaths of large numbers of people. There can be no clearer indication that something has gone wrong with our intellectual and political culture than the fact that conspiracy theories have become mainstream. When they are dangerous, we cannot afford to ignore them. At the same time, refuting them by rational argument is difficult because conspiracy theorists discount or reject evidence that disproves their theories. As conspiracy theories are so often smokescreens for political ends, we need to come up with political as well as intellectual responses if we are to have any hope of defeating them. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Power, Politics, and Paranoia Jan-Willem van Prooijen, Paul A. M. van Lange, 2014-05-29 Why are people frequently suspicious of their political and corporate leaders? This book examines the psychological roots of political paranoia. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Voodoo Histories David Aaronovitch, 2010-02-04 Meticulous in its research, forensic in its reasoning, robust in its argument, and often hilarious in its debunking... a highly entertaining rumble with the century's major conspiracy theorists and their theories. --John Lahr, National Book Critics Circle Award-winning author of Tennessee Williams From an award-winning journalist, a history so funny, so true, so scary, it's bound to be called a conspiracy. Our age is obsessed by the idea of conspiracy. We see it everywhere- from Pearl Harbor to 9/11, from the assassination of Kennedy to the death of Diana. In this age of terrorism we live in, the role of conspiracy is a serious one, one that can fuel radical or fringe elements to violence. For David Aaronovitch, there came a time when he started to see a pattern among these inflammatory theories. these theories used similarly murky methods with which to insinuate their claims: they linked themselves to the supposed conspiracies of the past (it happened then so it can happen now); they carefully manipulated their evidence to hide its holes; they relied on the authority of dubious academic sources. Most important, they elevated their believers to membership of an elite- a group of people able to see beyond lies to a higher reality. But why believe something that entails stretching the bounds of probability so far? In this entertaining and enlightening book, he examines why people believe conspiracy theories, and makes an argument for a true skepticism: one based on a thorough knowledge of history and a strong dose of common sense. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Handbook of Conspiracy Theory and Contemporary Religion Asbjørn Dyrendal, David G. Robertson, Egil Asprem, 2018-10-02 Conspiracy theories are a ubiquitous feature of our times. The Handbook of Conspiracy Theories and Contemporary Religion is the first reference work to offer a comprehensive, transnational overview of this phenomenon along with in-depth discussions of how conspiracy theories relate to religion(s). Bringing together experts from a wide range of disciplines, from psychology and philosophy to political science and the history of religions, the book sets the standard for the interdisciplinary study of religion and conspiracy theories. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: The Killing of Osama Bin Laden Seymour M. Hersh, 2016-04-12 An electrifying investigation of the White House’ lies about the assassination of Osama bin Laden—from a Pulitzer Prize winner hailed as “the greatest investigative journalist of his era” (New Yorker). “An explosive account.” —Los Angeles Times In 2011, an elite group of US Navy SEALS stormed an enclosure in the Pakistani city of Abbottabad and killed Osama bin Laden, the man the United States had begun chasing before the devastating attacks of 9/11. The news did much to boost President Obama’s first term and played a major part in his reelection victory of the following year. But much of the story of that night, as presented to the world, was incomplete, or a lie. The evidence of what actually went on remains hidden. At the same time, the full story of the United States’ involvement in the Syrian civil war has been kept behind a diplomatic curtain, concealed by doublespeak. It is a policy of obfuscation that has compelled the White House to turn a blind eye to Turkey’s involvement in supporting ISIS and its predecessors in Syria. This investigation, which began as a series of essays in the London Review of Books, has ignited a firestorm of controversy in the world media. In his introduction, Hersh asks what will be the legacy of Obama’s time in office. Was it an era of “change we can believe in” or a season of lies and compromises that continued George W. Bush’s misconceived War on Terror? How did he lose the confidence of the general in charge of America’s forces who acted in direct contradiction to the White House? What else do we not know? |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Conspiracy Theories David Coady, 2006 Conspiracy theories have historically had a bad reputation, with many philosophers dismissing the topic as irrational. Current philosophical debate has challenged this stance, suggesting that these theories do not deserve their bad reputation. This book represents both sides of the debate. Aimed at a broad philosophical community, including epistemologists, political philosophers, and philosophers of history, this book is a significant contribution to the growing interest in conspiracy theories. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Off the Edge Kelly Weill, 2022-02-22 “A deep dive into the world of Flat Earth conspiracy theorists . . . that brilliantly reveals how people fall into illogical beliefs, reject reason, destroy relationships, and connect with a broad range of conspiracy theories in the social media age. Beautiful, probing, and often empathetic . . . An insightful, human look at what fuels conspiracy theories.” —Science Since 2015, there has been a spectacular boom in a centuries-old delusion: that the earth is flat. More and more people believe that we all live on a pancake-shaped planet, capped by a solid dome and ringed by an impossible wall of ice. How? Why? In Off the Edge, journalist Kelly Weill draws a direct line from today’s conspiratorial moment, brimming not just with Flat Earthers but also anti-vaxxers and QAnon followers, back to the early days of Flat Earth theory in the 1830s. We learn the natural impulses behind these beliefs: when faced with a complicated world out of our control, humans have always sought patterns to explain the inexplicable. This psychology doesn’t change. But with the dawn of the twenty-first century, something else has shifted. Powered by Facebook and YouTube algorithms, the Flat Earth movement is growing. At once a definitive history of the movement and an essential look at its unbelievable present, Off the Edge introduces us to a cast of larger-than-life characters. We meet historical figures like the nineteenth-century grifter who first popularized the theory, as well as the many modern-day Flat Earthers Weill herself gets to know, from moms on vacation to determined creationists to neo-Nazi rappers. We discover what, and who, converts people to Flat Earth belief, and what happens inside the rabbit hole. And we even meet a man determined to fly into space in a homemade rocket-powered balloon—whose tragic death is as senseless and absurd as the theory he sets out to prove. In this incisive and powerful story about belief, Kelly Weill explores how we arrived at this moment of polarized realities and explains what needs to happen so that we might all return to the same spinning globe. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: American Conspiracies Jesse Ventura, Dick Russell, 2010-03-08 Jesse Ventura takes a systematic look at the gap between what the American government knows and what it reveals to the American people. According to this former Navy SEAL, former pro wrestler, and former Minnesota governor, the media is complicit in these acts of deception. For too long, the mainstream press has refused to consider alternate possibilities and to ask the tough questions. In Ventura's eyes, the murder of Abraham Lincoln and the assassinations of the Kennedys and Martin Luther King, all need to be re-examined. Was the CIA involved in Watergate? Did the Republican Party set out to steal two elections on behalf of George W. Bush? Has all the evidence been presented about the 9/11 attacks? And finally, is the collapse of today's financial order and the bailout plan by the Federal Reserve the widest-reaching conspiracy ever perpetrated?--From publisher description. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: The Stigmatization of Conspiracy Theory since the 1950s Katharina Thalmann, 2019-03-06 Are conspiracy theories everywhere and is everyone a conspiracy theorist? This ground-breaking study challenges some of the widely shared assessments in the scholarship about a perceived mainstreaming of conspiracy theory. It claims that conspiracy theory underwent a significant shift in status in the mid-20th century and has since then become highly visible as an object of concern in public debates. Providing an in-depth analysis of academic and media discourses, Katharina Thalmann is the first scholar to systematically trace the history and process of the delegitimization of conspiracy theory. By reading a wide range of conspiracist accounts about three central events in American history from the 1950s to 1970s – the Great Red Scare, the Kennedy assassination, and the Watergate scandal – Thalmann shows that a veritable conspiracist subculture emerged in the 1970s as conspiracy theories were pushed out of the legitimate marketplace of ideas and conspiracy theory became a commodity not unlike pornography: alluring in its illegitimacy, commonsensical, and highly profitable. This will be of interest to scholars and researchers interested in American history, culture and subcultures, as well, of course, to those fascinated by conspiracies. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Is Elvis Alive? Gail Brewer-Giorgio, 1988 |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Hitler’s Death Luke Daly-Groves, 2019-03-21 A revealing look at the many conspiracy theories surrounding the death of the twentieth century's most destructive dictator. Did Hitler shoot himself in the Führerbunker or did he slip past the Soviets and escape to South America? Countless documentaries, newspaper articles and internet pages written by conspiracy theorists have led the ongoing debate surrounding Hitler's last days. Historians have not yet managed to make a serious response. Until now. This book is the first attempt by an academic to return to the evidence of Hitler's suicide in order to scrutinise the most recent arguments of conspiracy theorists using scientific methods. Through analysis of recently declassified MI5 files, previously unpublished sketches of Hitler's bunker, personal accounts of intelligence officers along with stories of shoot-outs, plunder and secret agents, this scrupulously researched book takes on the doubters to tell the full story of how Hitler died. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Total Recall Arnold Schwarzenegger, 2012-10-01 This enhanced edition of Total Recall holds 16 videos clips, including behind the scenes footage from Terminator 3, political speeches from the Governor years and clips from Pumping Iron. In this fully illustrated ebook, Arnold Schwarzenegger takes us through each of the 170+ photographs and narrates each image. In his signature larger-than-life style, Arnold Schwarzenegger’s Total Recall is a revealing self-portrait of his illustrious, controversial and truly unique life. Born in a small Austrian town in 1947, a year of famine, he was the son of an austere police chief. He dreamed of moving to America to become a bodybuilding champion and a movie star. By the age of 21, he was living in Los Angeles and had been crowned Mr Universe. Within five years, he had learned English and become the greatest bodybuilder in the world. Within ten years, he had earned his college degree and was a millionaire from his business enterprises in real estate, landscaping and bodybuilding. He was also the winner of a Golden Globe Award for his debut as a dramatic actor in Stay Hungry. But that was only the beginning. The Terminator spawned numerous sequels and made him one of Hollywood's biggest stars, as he had a series of hit films including Predator, Total Recall, True Lies and Twins. He married Maria Shriver, becoming part of the Kennedy clan, while going on to become the Republican governor of California, where he led the state through a budget crisis, natural disasters and political turmoil. It is the greatest immigrant success story of our time. His story is unique, and uniquely entertaining, and he tells it brilliantly in these pages. Until now, he has never told the full story of his life, in his own voice. Here is Arnold, with total recall. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Rumor Psychology Nicholas DiFonzo, Prashant Bordia, 2007 In Rumor Psychology: Social and Organizational Approaches, expert rumor researchers Nicholas DiFonzo and Prashant Bordia investigate how rumors start and spread, the accuracy of different types of rumor, and how rumors can be controlled, particularly given their propagation across media outlets and within organizations. Rumors are an enduring feature of our social and organizational landscapes. They attract attention, evoke emotion, incite involvement, affect attitudes and actions - and they are ubiquitous. Rumor transmission is motivated by three broad psychological motivations - fact-finding, relationship-enhancement, and self-enhancement - all of which help individuals and groups make sense in the face of uncertainty. Rumor is closely entwined with a host of social and organizational phenomena, including social cognition, attitude formation and maintenance, prejudice and stereotyping, group dynamics, interpersonal and intergroup relations, social influence, and organizational trust and communication. Organizational rumors, in contrast with natural disaster rumors, tend to be highly accurate, with accuracy being affected by cognitive, motivational, situational, group, and network factors. DiFonzo and Bordia describe how managers can most effectively manage and refute rumors and infer that employee trust in management inhibits rumor activity. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Conspiracy Theory Discourses Massimiliano Demata, Virginia Zorzi, Angela Zottola, 2022-11-15 Conspiracy Theory Discourses addresses a crucial phenomenon in the current political and communicative context: conspiracy theories. The social impact of conspiracy theories is wide-ranging and their influence on the political life of many nations is increasing. Conspiracy Theory Discourses bridges an important gap by bringing discourse-based insights to existing knowledge about conspiracy theories, which has so far developed in research areas other than Linguistics and Discourse Studies. The chapters in this volume call attention to conspiracist discourses as deeply ingrained ways to interpret reality and construct social identities. They are based on multiple, partly overlapping analytical frameworks, including Critical Discourse Analysis, rhetoric, metaphor studies, multimodality, and corpus-based, quali-quantitative approaches. These approaches are an entry point to further explore the environments which enable the proliferation of conspiracy theories, and the paramount role of discourse in furthering conspiracist interpretations of reality. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Encyclopaedia Britannica Hugh Chisholm, 1910 This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Conspiracies and Conspiracy Theories in American History Christopher R. Fee, Jeffrey B. Webb, 2019-05-24 This up-to-date introduction to the complex world of conspiracies and conspiracy theories provides insight into why millions of people are so ready to believe the worst about our political, legal, religious, and financial institutions. Unsupported theories provide simple explanations for catastrophes that are otherwise difficult to understand, from the U.S. Civil War to the Stock Market Crash of 1929 to the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York. Ideas about shadowy networks that operate behind a cloak of secrecy, including real organizations like the CIA and the Mafia and imagined ones like the Illuminati, additionally provide a way for people to criticize prevailing political and economic arrangements, while for society's disadvantaged and forgotten groups, conspiracy theories make their suffering and alienation comprehensible and provide a focal point for their economic or political frustrations. These volumes detail the highly controversial and influential phenomena of conspiracies and conspiracy theories in American society. Through interpretive essays and factual accounts of various people, organizations, and ideas, the reader will gain a much greater appreciation for a set of beliefs about political scheming, covert intelligence gathering, and criminal rings that has held its grip on the minds of millions of American citizens and encouraged them to believe that the conspiracies may run deeper, and with a global reach. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: We Never Went to the Moon: America's Thirty Billion Dollar Swindle Bill Kaysing, 2017-07-20 This is the classic We Never Went to the Moon by Bill Kaysing, which kicked off the entire moon hoax craze of the 1970s. Bill Kaysing was head of the technical presentations unit at the Rocketdyne Propulsion Field Laboratory from 1956 to 1963. This period encompassed the major planning for the engine and components of the Apollo project. During this time, Kaysing held security clearances with the U.S. Air Force and the Atomic Energy Commission. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Changing Conceptions of Conspiracy Carl F. Graumann, Serge Moscovici, 2011-10-12 The contents of the first two volumes were, we gladly admit, at once more familiar and easier to handle. We were concerned with mass and leadership psychology, two factors that we know from social and political life. They have been much studied and we can clearly trace their evolution. However, since actions by masses and leaders also have an intellectual and emotional side, we were obliged, in some way or other, to deal with this topic as well. It was obviously necessary, it seemed to us, to approach this study from a new and significant angle. One cannot escape the realiza tion that conspiracy theory has played, and continues to play, a central role in our epoch, and has had very serious consequences. The obsession with conspiracy has spread to such an extent that it continuously crops up at all levels of society. The fol lowing paradox must be striking to anyone: In the past, society was governed by a small number of men, at times by one individual, who, within traditional limits, imposed his will on the multitude. Plots were effective: By eliminating these individuals and their families, one could change the course of events. Today, this is no longer the case. Power is divided among parties and extends throughout society. Power flows, changes hands, and affects opinion, which no one controls and no one represents entirely. |
| conspiracy theories that proved true: Bernie Sanders, Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, Fidel Castro & Other Socialists Jon Robins, Ian Tinny, Dead Writers Club, Rex Curry, Bernie Sanders (BS) self-identifies the same way that Adolf Hitler self-identified: SOCIALIST. In voluminous speeches and writings Hitler glorified the identical word touted by BS as his political philosophy. Hitler’s swastika was “S” letter shaped symbolism for his socialism. BS proudly classifies himself in the same fashion as Hitler and the world’s other genocidal psychopaths. Bernie Sanders was endorsed by Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (AOC) in the 2020 presidential election and AOC actively campaigns for BS. Why does AOC support such an old white male? She promotes him because they share the same extremist dogma. How did they both become socialists? AOC was heavily influenced by BS. The USA’s two worst national socialists were both born and raised in New York City. AOC grew up during BS’s years as a career politician. She learned a lot about socialism and wanted to get on the dole too. BS is the oldest white male who is running for nomination. BS is so elderly that he could be AOC’s grandfather (he is 48 years older than her). AOC was born a year after BS’s infamous honeymoon (1988) in the USSR just as Soviet socialism self-destructed. Sanders was born in 1941 shortly after Soviet socialism’s partnership with German socialism. Soviet socialism (under Stalin) and German socialism (under Hitler) had joined to launch WWII, destroying Poland together, and going onward from there in a pact to enslave Europe. After German socialism was defeated, Soviet socialism continued (as Sanders grew up) to ruin millions of lives and increase its record-setting mass-murders. As a child, Sanders had learned about socialism from his parents and other relatives. They attended government schools (socialist schools) in the USA where students were forced to perform the Nazi salute and chant robotically to the flag each morning at the ring of a bell. The Pledge of Allegiance to the USA’s Flag was the origin of the infamous stiff-armed salute (and other propagandistic behavior) that was borrowed decades later under German socialism and under other socialists worldwide. The pledge was written by an American socialist (Francis Bellamy) in order to spread socialism. Anyone who refused the ritual in the socialist schools was persecuted. At that time the socialist schools taught racism as official policy and imposed segregation by law. Sanders also learned socialism from government schools that he attended, and he chanted in unison each morning to the flag too (although the gesture had changed to hide socialism’s putrid history). During Sanders’ youth the socialist schools continued to teach racism as official policy and continued to impose segregation by law. “America’s Nazi salute” was often performed by public officials in the USA from 1892 through 1942. What happened to old photographs and films of the American Nazi salute performed by federal, state, county, and local officials? Those photos and films are rare because people don't want to know the truth about the government’s past. American youth groups (Scouting) adopted Bellamy's American Nazi salute (with Bellamy’s encouragement) AND saluted swastika badges (卐) worn by fellow scouts. Many Americans were accustomed to “Nazi salutes for swastikas” long before German socialism (and Hitler Youth) adopted similar behavior under Hitler. That helps to explain another shocking revelation: swastikas were promoted in the US military and worn as a patch on the upper left arm of American soldiers in a fashion that would become uniform under German socialism. There are photos in this book! |
CONSPIRACY Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of CONSPIRACY is the act of conspiring together. How to use conspiracy in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Conspiracy.
Conspiracy - Wikipedia
A conspiracy, also known as a plot, ploy, or scheme, is a secret plan or agreement between people (called conspirers or conspirators) for an unlawful or harmful purpose, such as murder, …
CONSPIRACY | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
CONSPIRACY definition: 1. the activity of secretly planning with other people to do something bad or illegal: 2. a…. Learn more.
Conspiracy - Definition, Examples, Cases, Processes - Legal …
May 31, 2017 · A conspiracy is an agreement or plan, made between two or more people, to engage in an illegal act, to obtain an unlawful objective, or to deprive another person of his …
Conspiracy theory | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
Jun 4, 2025 · Conspiracy theory, an attempt to explain harmful or tragic events as the result of the actions of a small powerful group. Such explanations reject the accepted narrative surrounding …
CONSPIRACY definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
A conspiracy is an agreement between a group of people which other people think is wrong or is likely to be harmful. It's all part of a conspiracy to move everything out of the town centre. He …
conspiracy noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
a secret plan by a group of people to do something harmful or illegal. They were charged with conspiracy to murder. He's the sort of person who sees a conspiracy around every corner. I …
What does CONSPIRACY mean? - Definitions.net
A conspiracy is a secret plan or agreement between two or more individuals or parties to commit an unlawful or harmful act, typically on a large scale. The act targeted may be carried out in …
List of conspiracy theories - Wikipedia
Conspiracy theorists claim that government agents are utilizing directed-energy weapons and electronic surveillance to harass members of the population. Theorists often cite research into …
Conspiracy | Definition, Examples & Cases | Britannica
conspiracy, in common law, an agreement between two or more persons to commit an unlawful act or to accomplish a lawful end by unlawful means. Conspiracy is perhaps the most …
CONSPIRACY Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of CONSPIRACY is the act of conspiring together. How to use conspiracy in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Conspiracy.
Conspiracy - Wikipedia
A conspiracy, also known as a plot, ploy, or scheme, is a secret plan or agreement between people (called conspirers or conspirators) for an unlawful or harmful purpose, such as murder, …
CONSPIRACY | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
CONSPIRACY definition: 1. the activity of secretly planning with other people to do something bad or illegal: 2. a…. Learn more.
Conspiracy - Definition, Examples, Cases, Processes - Legal …
May 31, 2017 · A conspiracy is an agreement or plan, made between two or more people, to engage in an illegal act, to obtain an unlawful objective, or to deprive another person of his …
Conspiracy theory | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
Jun 4, 2025 · Conspiracy theory, an attempt to explain harmful or tragic events as the result of the actions of a small powerful group. Such explanations reject the accepted narrative surrounding …
CONSPIRACY definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
A conspiracy is an agreement between a group of people which other people think is wrong or is likely to be harmful. It's all part of a conspiracy to move everything out of the town centre. He …
conspiracy noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
a secret plan by a group of people to do something harmful or illegal. They were charged with conspiracy to murder. He's the sort of person who sees a conspiracy around every corner. I …
What does CONSPIRACY mean? - Definitions.net
A conspiracy is a secret plan or agreement between two or more individuals or parties to commit an unlawful or harmful act, typically on a large scale. The act targeted may be carried out in …
List of conspiracy theories - Wikipedia
Conspiracy theorists claim that government agents are utilizing directed-energy weapons and electronic surveillance to harass members of the population. Theorists often cite research into …
Conspiracy | Definition, Examples & Cases | Britannica
conspiracy, in common law, an agreement between two or more persons to commit an unlawful act or to accomplish a lawful end by unlawful means. Conspiracy is perhaps the most …
