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| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry Daniel J. Jacob, 1999-12-21 Atmospheric chemistry is one of the fastest growing fields in the earth sciences. Until now, however, there has been no book designed to help students capture the essence of the subject in a brief course of study. Daniel Jacob, a leading researcher and teacher in the field, addresses that problem by presenting the first textbook on atmospheric chemistry for a one-semester course. Based on the approach he developed in his class at Harvard, Jacob introduces students in clear and concise chapters to the fundamentals as well as the latest ideas and findings in the field. Jacob's aim is to show students how to use basic principles of physics and chemistry to describe a complex system such as the atmosphere. He also seeks to give students an overview of the current state of research and the work that led to this point. Jacob begins with atmospheric structure, design of simple models, atmospheric transport, and the continuity equation, and continues with geochemical cycles, the greenhouse effect, aerosols, stratospheric ozone, the oxidizing power of the atmosphere, smog, and acid rain. Each chapter concludes with a problem set based on recent scientific literature. This is a novel approach to problem-set writing, and one that successfully introduces students to the prevailing issues. This is a major contribution to a growing area of study and will be welcomed enthusiastically by students and teachers alike. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 2002 |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: A History of Folding in Mathematics Michael Friedman, 2018-05-25 While it is well known that the Delian problems are impossible to solve with a straightedge and compass – for example, it is impossible to construct a segment whose length is cube root of 2 with these instruments – the discovery of the Italian mathematician Margherita Beloch Piazzolla in 1934 that one can in fact construct a segment of length cube root of 2 with a single paper fold was completely ignored (till the end of the 1980s). This comes as no surprise, since with few exceptions paper folding was seldom considered as a mathematical practice, let alone as a mathematical procedure of inference or proof that could prompt novel mathematical discoveries. A few questions immediately arise: Why did paper folding become a non-instrument? What caused the marginalisation of this technique? And how was the mathematical knowledge, which was nevertheless transmitted and prompted by paper folding, later treated and conceptualised? Aiming to answer these questions, this volume provides, for the first time, an extensive historical study on the history of folding in mathematics, spanning from the 16th century to the 20th century, and offers a general study on the ways mathematical knowledge is marginalised, disappears, is ignored or becomes obsolete. In doing so, it makes a valuable contribution to the field of history and philosophy of science, particularly the history and philosophy of mathematics and is highly recommended for anyone interested in these topics. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Kinetics and Catalysis , 1978 |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Lectures on Quantum Mechanics Jean-Louis Basdevant, 2016-09-21 Beautifully illustrated and engagingly written, Twelve Lectures in Quantum Mechanics presents theoretical physics with a breathtaking array of examples and anecdotes. Basdevant’s style is clear and stimulating, in the manner of a brisk lecture that can be followed with ease and enjoyment. Here is a sample of the book’s style, from the opening of Chapter 1: If one were to ask a passer-by to quote a great formula of physics, chances are that the answer would be ‘E = mc2’.... There is no way around it: all physics is quantum, from elementary particles, to stellar physics and the Big Bang, not to mention semiconductors and solar cells. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Quantum Mechanics Kenichi Konishi, Giampiero Paffuti, 2009-03-05 A modern and comprehensive textbook intended to correct the lack of such a text in times of the ever-increasing importance of the subject in contemporary science, technology, and everyday life. With its clear pedagogical presentation and with many examples and solved problems it is useful for physics students, researchers and teachers alike. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Organic Chemistry T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig Fryhle, 2009-12-02 The Tenth Edition of Organic Chemistry continues Solomons/Fryhle’s tradition of excellence in teaching and preparing students for success in the organic classroom and beyond. In the Tenth Edition, virtually every aspect of the teaching and learning solution has been revisited and redesigned to assist students in comprehending the fundamentals of organic chemistry. The authors’ thoroughly explain and illustrate each new idea when it is first introduced and then reinforce the new idea or concept by having students work related problems. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Physics, Volume 2 David Halliday, Robert Resnick, Kenneth S. Krane, 2010-04-20 Ein zweibändiger Klassiker unter den Physiklehrbüchern und zweifellos eines der umfassendsten und ausführlichsten Werke seiner Art! Auch diese 5. Auflage bemüht sich besonders um eine klare, einleuchtende Darstellung der Grundgedanken, gestützt auf neueste Erkenntnisse der Physikdidaktik. Die Kapitel zur Thermodynamik und zur Quantentheorie wurden durchgängig aktualisiert; alle Übungsaufgaben wurden überarbeitet, neue Aufgaben sind hinzugekommen. Erweitert wurde auch der Ergänzungsband. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Energy-Level Control at Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Semiconductor Interfaces Raphael Schlesinger, 2016-11-21 This work investigates the energy-level alignment of hybrid inorganic/organic systems (HIOS) comprising ZnO as the major inorganic semiconductor. In addition to offering essential insights, the thesis demonstrates HIOS energy-level alignment tuning within an unprecedented energy range. (Sub)monolayers of organic molecular donors and acceptors are introduced as an interlayer to modify HIOS interface-energy levels. By studying numerous HIOS with varying properties, the author derives generally valid systematic insights into the fundamental processes at work. In addition to molecular pinning levels, he identifies adsorption-induced band bending and gap-state density of states as playing a crucial role in the interlayer-modified energy-level alignment, thus laying the foundation for rationally controlling HIOS interface electronic properties. The thesis also presents quantitative descriptions of many aspects of the processes, opening the door for innovative HIOS interfaces and for future applications of ZnO in electronic devices. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Stainless Steel 2000 Tom Bell, Katsuya Akamatsu, 2020-01-31 Austenitic stainless steels lend themselves to a wide range of applications. However, they normally stiffer from poor wear resistance and do not respond well to traditional surface treatments. This volume. the fruit of a current status seminar, reflects the enormous strides which have been made in the last few years in the study of the expanded austenite phase (also called the S phase) and the development of new surface treatment techniques. As well as the papers presented at the seminar, the book contains selection from related papers and a comprehensive bibliography of the literature on the subject from 1979 to 2000. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Symmetry and Structure Sidney F. A. Kettle, 2008-03-11 Building on the foundation of the Second Edition, Symmetry and Structure: Readable Group Theory for Chemists, Third Edition turns the complex and potentially difficult subject of group theory into an accessible and readable account of this core area of chemistry. By using a diagrammatical approach and demonstrating the physical principles involved in understanding group theory, the text provides a non-mathematical, yet thorough, treatment of this broad topic. This new edition has been fully revised and updated to include a much more three-dimensional and accurate visualization of many of the key topics. The chapter on octahedral molecules is extended to cover the important topic of the ligand field theory of octahedral transition metal complexes. Problems and summaries are included at the end of each chapter, the book provides detailed answers to frequently asked questions, and numerous diagrams and tables are featured for ease of reading and to enhance student understanding. Symmetry and Structure: Readable Group Theory for Chemists, Third Edition is an essential textbook for all students, researchers and lecturers in chemistry, biochemistry, chemical engineering, physics and material science. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Linus Pauling Linus Pauling, Barclay Kamb, Linda Pauling Kamb, 2001 Linus Pauling wrote a stellar series of over 800 scientific papers spanning an amazing range of fields, some of which he himself initiated. This book is a selection of the most important of his writings in the fields of quantum mechanics, chemical bonding (covalent, ionic, metallic, and hydrogen bonding), molecular rotation and entropy, protein structure, hemoglobin, molecular disease, molecular evolution, the antibody mechanism, the molecular basis of anesthesia, orthomolecular medicine, radiation chemistry?biology, and nuclear structure. Through these papers the reader gets a fresh, unfiltered view of the genius of Pauling's many contributions to chemistry, chemical physics, molecular biology, and molecular medicine. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Theoretical Models of Chemical Bonding Zvonimir B. Maksic, 2012-12-06 The renowned theoretical physicist Victor F. Weisskopf rightly pointed out that a real understanding of natural phenomena implies a clear distinction between the essential and the peripheral. Only when we reach such an understanding - that is to say when we are able to separate the relevant from the irrelevant, will the phenomena no longer appear complex, but intelectually transparent. This statement, which is generally valid, reflects the very essence ofmodelling in the quantum theory of matter, on the molecular level in particular. Indeed, without theoretical models one would be swamped by too many details embodied in intricate accurate molecular wavefunctions. Further, physically justified simplificqtions enable studies of the otherwise intractable systems and/or phenomena. Finally, a lack of appropriate models would leave myriads of raw experimental data totally unrelated and incomprehensible. The present series ofbooks dwells on the most important models of chemical bonding and on the variety of its manifestations. In this volume the electronic structure and properties of molecules are considered in depth. Particular attention is focused on the nature of intramolecular interactions which in turn are revealed by various types ofmolecular spectroscopy. Emphasis is put on the conceptual and interpretive aspects of the theory in line with the general philosophy adopted in the series. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Theoretical Models of Chemical Bonding Zvonimir B. Maksić, 1991 The state-of-the-art in contemporary theoretical chemistry is presented in this 4-volume set with numerous contributions from the most highly regarded experts in their field. It provides a concise introduction and critical evaluation of theoretical approaches in relation to experimental evidence. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: The Nature of the Chemical Concept Keith S Taber, 2022-06-29 This book offers a step-by-step analysis and discussion of just why some students find chemistry difficult, by examining the nature of chemistry concepts, and how they are communicated and learnt. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Titan Ingo Müller-Wodarg, Caitlin A. Griffith, Emmanuel Lellouch, Thomas E. Cravens, 2014-02-24 This comprehensive reference and guide examines the processes that shape the atmosphere and surface of Titan, Saturn's largest moon. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Spectroscopy of Low Temperature Plasma Vladimir N. Ochkin, 2009-05-13 Written by a distinguished plasma scientist and experienced author, this up-to-date work comprehensively covers current methods and new developments and techniques, including non-equilibrium atomic and molecular plasma states, as well as such new applications as gas lasers. Containing numerous appendices with reference data indispensable for plasma spectroscopy, such as statistical weights and partition sums and diatomic molecules. For plasmaphysicists, spectroscopists, materials scientists and physical chemists. Appendix H is only available online. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Advances in Drug Research Bernard Testa, 2013-10-22 Advances in Drug Research, Volume 22 focuses on the concepts and facts of drug research. This book is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the use of atomic properties and atom-centered indices in QSAR models, while Chapter 2 describes the pharmacokinetics of peptides and proteins. The nuclear receptors, emphasizing the aspects of molecular and genomic pharmacology are elaborated in Chapter 3. The last chapter covers the medicinal chemistry of a vast group of agents acting on nuclear receptors. This publication is valuable to drug researchers and students interested in advances in drugs. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Nature of the Chemical Concept Keith S Taber, 2019-04-29 The features of chemistry that make it such a fascinating and engaging subject to teach also contribute to it being a challenging subject for many learners. Chemistry draws upon a wide range of abstract concepts, which are embedded in a large body of theoretical knowledge. As a science, chemistry offers ideas that are the products of scientists’ creative imaginations, and yet which are motivated and constrained by observations of natural phenomena. Chemistry is often discussed and taught largely in terms of non-observable theoretical entities - such as molecules and electrons and orbitals - which probably seem as familiar and real to a chemistry teacher as Bunsen burners: and, yet, comprise a realm as alien and strange to many students as some learners’ own alternative conceptions (‘misconceptions’) may appear to the teacher. All chemistry teachers know that chemistry is a conceptual subject, especially at the upper end of secondary school and at university level, and that some students struggle to understand many chemical ideas. This book offers a step-by-step analysis and discussion of just why some students find chemistry difficult, by examining the nature of chemistry concepts, and how they are communicated and learnt. The book considers the idea of concepts itself; draws upon case studies of how canonical chemical concepts have developed; explores how chemical concepts become represented in curriculum and in classroom teaching; and discusses how conceptual learning and development occurs. This book will be invaluable to anyone interested in teaching and learning and offers guidance to teachers looking to make sense of, and respond to, the challenges of teaching chemistry. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Basic Physical Chemistry: The Route To Understanding (Revised Edition) E Brian Smith, 2013-06-03 This elegant book provides a student-friendly introduction to the subject of physical chemistry. It is by the author of the very successful Basic Chemical Thermodynamics and is written in the same well-received popular style. It is concise and more compact than standard textbooks on the subject and emphasises the two important topics underpinning the subject: quantum mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics. Both topics are challenging to students because they focus on uncertainty and probability. The book explains these fundamental concepts clearly and shows how they offer the key to understanding a wide range of chemical phenomena including atomic and molecular spectra, the structure and properties of solids, liquids and gases, chemical equilibrium and the rates of chemical reactions.This revised edition has enabled improvements and corrections to be made. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry , 1964-01-01 Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Topological Indices and Related Descriptors in QSAR and QSPR James Devillers, Alexandru T Balaban, 2000-03-09 Topological Indices and Related Descriptors in QSAR and QSPR reviews the state of the art in this field and highlights the important advances in the generation of descriptors calculated directly from the structure of molecules. This long-awaited comprehensive book provides all the necessary information to calculate and use these descriptors for deriving structure-activity and structure-property relationships. Written by leading experts in the field, this book discusses the physicochemical significance, strengths, and weaknesses of these indices and presents numerous examples of applications. This book will be a valuable reference for anyone involved in the use of QSAR and QSPR in the pharmaceutical, applied chemical, and environmental sciences. It is also suitable for use as a supplementary textbook on related graduate level courses. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Cation Binding by Macrocycles Inoue, 2018-10-03 This reference details the theory and application of cation complexation, including the design and synthesis of various cyclic systems, these materials' use as transport systems, in complexation and selectivity studies by macrocyclic systems, and methodologies for understanding these phenomena. In a |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Iron Metabolism Robert Crichton, 2016-03-31 Iron is indispensable for the growth, development and well-being of almost all living organisms. Biological systems from bacteria, fungi and plants to humans have evolved systems for the uptake, utilisation, storage and homeostasis of iron. Its importance for microbial growth makes its uptake systems a natural target for pathogenic microorganisms and parasites. Uniquely, humans suffer from both iron deficiency and iron overload, while the capacity of iron to generate highly reactive free radicals, causing oxidative stress, is associated with a wide range of human pathologies, including many neurodegenerative diseases. Whereas some essential metal ions like copper and zinc are closely linked with iron metabolism, toxic metals like aluminium and cadmium can interfere with iron metabolism. Finally, iron metabolism and homeostasis are key targets for the development of new drugs for human health. The 4th edition of Iron Metabolism is written in a lively style by one of the leaders in the field, presented in colour and covers the latest discoveries in this exciting area. It will be essential reading for researchers and students in biochemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, cell biology, nutrition and medical sciences. Other interested groups include biological inorganic chemists with an interest in iron metabolism, health professionals with an interest in diseases of iron metabolism, or of diseases in which iron uptake systems are involved (eg. microbial and fungal infections, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders), and researchers in the pharmaceutical industry interested in developing novel drugs targeting iron metabolism/homeostasis. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research , 1959 |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Matter and Interactions, Volume 2 Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood, 2025-02-26 |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Strength of Metals and Alloys P. Haasen, 2013-10-23 Strength of Metals and Alloys, Volume 1 contains the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on the Strength of Metals and Alloys held in Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany, on August 27-31, 1979. The conference provided a forum for reviewing the state of the art with regards to the strength of metals and alloys and tackled a wide range of topics such as plasticity and crystal structure, friction and wear, and creep. Dynamic effects in deformation as well as precipitation and dispersion hardening are also discussed. Comprised of 121 chapters, this volume begins by describing an experiment that has successfully produced an avalanche of cross-slip events, large enough to overtake other activated events like the cutting of trees by slip dislocations. The reader is then introduced to forest dislocation intersections in stage I deformation of copper single crystals; the mechanism of transition from stage I to II in the work-hardening of fcc crystals, using copper and its alloy crystals deformed in tension as examples; and latent hardening in aluminum and copper single crystals. Subsequent chapters explore the role of cyclic wear (fretting) in fatigue crack nucleation in steels; friction stresses and anelastic recovery during creep; electron drag on mobile dislocations in copper; and the strength of dispersion and precipitation hardened alloys. This book will be of interest to engineers, metallurgists, and materials scientists. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics Michael J. Moran, Howard N. Shapiro, Daisie D. Boettner, Margaret B. Bailey, 2010-12-07 This leading text in the field maintains its engaging, readable style while presenting a broader range of applications that motivate engineers to learn the core thermodynamics concepts. Two new coauthors help update the material and integrate engaging, new problems. Throughout the chapters, they focus on the relevance of thermodynamics to modern engineering problems. Many relevant engineering based situations are also presented to help engineers model and solve these problems. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Matter and Interactions Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood, 2025-02-26 |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Diamond: Electronic Properties and Applications Lawrence S. Pan, Don R. Kania, 2013-11-27 The use of diamond for electronic applications is not a new idea. As early as the 1920's diamonds were considered for their use as photoconductive detectors. However limitations in size and control of properties naturally limited the use of diamond to a few specialty applications. With the development of diamond synthesis from the vapor phase has come a more serious interest in developing diamond-based electronic devices. A unique combination of extreme properties makes diamond partiCularly well suited for high speed, high power, and high temperature applications. Vapor phase deposition of diamond allows large area films to be deposited, whose properties can potentially be controlled. Since the process of diamond synthesis was first realized, great progress have been made in understanding the issues important for growing diamond and fabricating electronic devices. The quality of both intrinsic and doped diamond has improved greatly to the point that viable applications are being developed. Our understanding of the properties and limitations has also improved greatly. While a number of excellent references review the general properties of diamond, this volume summarizes the great deal of literature related only to electronic properties and applications of diamond. We concentrate only on diamond; related materials such as diamond-like carbon (DLC) and other wide bandgap semiconductors are not treated here. In the first chapter Profs. C. Y. Fong and B. M. Klein discuss the band structure of single-crystal diamond and its relation to electronic properties. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Validity of the Fowler-Nordheim Model for Field Electron Emission A. G. J. van Oostrom, 1966 |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Organic Chemistry David R. Klein, 2025-02-05 In the 5th Edition of Organic Chemistry, David Klein continues to set the standard for how students learn by building on his innovative SkillBuilder approach - enabling learners to effectively grasp the complex language of organic chemistry through structured, guided practice. Joining David Klein for this edition as an author is longtime collaborator Laurie Starkey (Cal Poly Pomona), whose classroom creativity, digital expertise, and positive teaching style bring a fresh perspective to Organic Chemistry. Her contributions enhance the proven SkillBuilder method, infusing it with new pedagogically relevant photo examples that make the material even more accessible and engaging for students. The new edition is thoughtfully updated with extensive content revisions, refined SkillBuilders, and fresh examples—all shaped by valuable feedback from instructors. It also introduces a wider range of diverse examples, vivid illustrations, and practical applications tailored to both Organic Chemistry I and II. Together, Klein and Starkey have crafted a comprehensive and dynamic resource that blends proven techniques with fresh insights, ensuring the best learning experience for students. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Physics and Applications of Dilute Nitrides I. Buyanova, W. Chen, 2004-08-30 Since their development in the 1990s, it has been discovered that diluted nitrides have intriguing properties that are not only distinct from those of conventional semiconductor materials, but also are conducive to various applications in optoelectronics and photonics. The book examines these applications and presents a broad and in-depth look at t |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Introductory Quantum Mechanics with MATLAB James R. Chelikowsky, 2018-08-15 Presents a unique approach to grasping the concepts of quantum theory with a focus on atoms, clusters, and crystals Quantum theory of atoms and molecules is vitally important in molecular physics, materials science, nanoscience, solid state physics and many related fields. Introductory Quantum Mechanics with MATLAB is designed to be an accessible guide to quantum theory and its applications. The textbook uses the popular MATLAB programming language for the analytical and numerical solution of quantum mechanical problems, with a particular focus on clusters and assemblies of atoms. The textbook is written by a noted researcher and expert on the topic who introduces density functional theory, variational calculus and other practice-proven methods for the solution of quantum-mechanical problems. This important guide: -Presents the material in a didactical manner to help students grasp the concepts and applications of quantum theory -Covers a wealth of cutting-edge topics such as clusters, nanocrystals, transitions and organic molecules -Offers MATLAB codes to solve real-life quantum mechanical problems Written for master's and PhD students in physics, chemistry, material science, and engineering sciences, Introductory Quantum Mechanics with MATLAB contains an accessible approach to understanding the concepts of quantum theory applied to atoms, clusters, and crystals. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Probabilities Peter Olofsson, 2015-02-02 Praise for the First Edition “If there is anything you want to know, or remindyourself, about probabilities, then look no further than thiscomprehensive, yet wittily written and enjoyable, compendium of howto apply probability calculations in real-worldsituations.” - Keith Devlin, Stanford University, National PublicRadio’s “Math Guy” and author of The MathGene and The Unfinished Game From probable improbabilities to regular irregularities,Probabilities: The Little Numbers That Rule Our Lives, SecondEdition investigates the often surprising effects of risk andchance in our lives. Featuring a timely update, the SecondEdition continues to be the go-to guidebook for an entertainingpresentation on the mathematics of chance and uncertainty. The new edition develops the fundamental mathematics of probabilityin a unique, clear, and informal way so readers with various levelsof experience with probability can understand the little numbersfound in everyday life. Illustrating the concepts of probabilitythrough relevant and engaging real-world applications, theSecond Edition features numerous examples on weatherforecasts, DNA evidence, games and gambling, and medical testing.The revised edition also includes: The application of probability in finance, such as optionpricing The introduction of branching processes and the extinction offamily names An extended discussion on opinion polls and Nate Silver’selection predictions Probabilities: The Little Numbers That Rule Our Lives, SecondEdition is an ideal reference for anyone who would like toobtain a better understanding of the mathematics of chance, as wellas a useful supplementary textbook for students in any coursedealing with probability. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Application-driven Quantum And Statistical Physics: A Short Course For Future Scientists And Engineers - Volume 1: Foundations Jean-michel Gillet, 2018-09-21 'Several features make this book unusual. The first is the historical content … Second, the practical importance of quantum physics is demonstrated by the inclusion of numerous summary discussions of technological applications … A third unusual feature of this book is a detailed solution immediately following each in-text exercise. Each such problem is used to advance the discussion, and the question-and-answer format encourages the student to wrestle with the ideas personally rather than simply reading passively … This short book would easily make a helpful secondary text allowing an instructor to touch on some non-traditional topics such as least action principles and path integrals.'Contemporary PhysicsBridging the gap between traditional books on quantum and statistical physics, this series is an ideal introductory course for students who are looking for an alternative approach to the traditional academic treatment.This pedagogical approach relies heavily on scientific or technological applications from a wide range of fields. For every new concept introduced, an application is given to connect the theoretical results to a real-life situation. Each volume features in-text exercises and detailed solutions, with easy-to-understand applications.This first volume sets the scene of a new physics. It explains where quantum mechanics come from, its connection to classical physics and why it was needed at the beginning of the twentieth century. It examines how very simple models can explain a variety of applications such as quantum wells, thermoluminescence dating, scanning tunnel microscopes, quantum cryptography, masers, and how fluorescence can unveil the past of art pieces. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: GraphITA Vittorio Morandi, Luca Ottaviano, 2017-09-27 This book presents selected papers from the fourth edition of the GraphX conference series, GraphITA 2015. Its content range from fundamentals to applications of graphene and other 2D material such as silicene, BN and MoS2. The newest technological challenges in the field are described in this book, written by worldwide known scientists working with 2D materials.The chapter 'Morphing Graphene-Based Systems for Applications: Perspectives from Simulations' is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Introduction to Quantum Field Theory V.lG. Kiselev, Ya.M. Shnir, A.Ya. Tregubovich, 2000-11-17 This text explains the features of quantum and statistical field systems that result from their field-theoretic nature and are common to different physical contexts. It supplies the practical tools for carrying out calculations and discusses the meaning of the results. The central concept is that of effective action (or free energy), and the main technical tool is the path integral, although other formalisms are also mentioned. The author emphasizes the simplest models first, then progresses to discussions of real systems before addressing more general and rigorous conclusions. The book is structured around carefully selected problems, which are solved in detail. |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: The Physics of Protein Structure and Dynamics Reinhard Schweitzer-Stenner, 2024-09-23 The Physics of Protein Structure and Dynamics looks at various aspects of protein structure and dynamics from a physico-chemical point of view. It goes into some depth regarding the description of non-covalent forces that determine the relative stability of folded and unfolded proteins. Anharmonic protein dynamics involving motions between different minima of a rugged Gibbs energy landscape is described in great detail. The book combines various aspects of the protein folding/unfolding processes with an overview of intrinsically disordered proteins, which have attracted considerable interest of the protein community over the last 25 years but are thus far underrepresented in classroom-oriented textbooks. The book looks at protein folding and intrinsically disordered proteins as heavily interrelated topics that need to be viewed together. Furthermore, it presents some basic physico-chemical aspects of protein/peptide self-assembly into nanoscale fibrils. Intrinsically disordered peptides and proteins play a major role particularly in aggregation and self-assembly processes that lead to various diseases (Alzheimer, Parkinson, Huntington, Mad-Cow). Therefore, the relevance of protein disorder for protein self-assembly deserves a closer look. Protein self-assembly cannot be separated from protein folding since it is frequently the product of misfolding. With regard to modern theories, the folding processes are linked to insights on protein dynamics and the discovered relationship between proteins and spin glasses. - The readers will benefit from being provided with an in-depth overview of the physical concepts that govern different aspects of protein folding, disorder and self-assembly. By emphasizing the relationship between these issues, the approach adds a holistic character to the book - The book is to a major extent mathematically based. Mathematics is part of the language of physicists and physical chemists which cannot be properly substituted by words - For instructors, the book will offer a unique source for her/his teaching of current protein physics issues - The way how the book will be constructed (multiple references to primary literature with DOI links, literature-based problem sets and topics for discussion) will facilitate a learning process suitable for research-oriented students - Problem solving frequently requires the writing of short computer programs, something that is underemphasized in chemistry and biochemistry education (with the exception of computationally trained students, of course) |
| consider the model of the nitrogen atom: Zeitschrift für Naturforschung , 1986 |
CONSIDER Synonyms: 173 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Some common synonyms of consider are contemplate, study, and weigh. While all these words mean "to think about in order to arrive at a judgment or decision," consider may suggest giving …
CONSIDER | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
CONSIDER definition: 1. to spend time thinking about a possibility or making a decision: 2. to give attention to a…. Learn more.
CONSIDER definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
If you consider a person or thing to be something, you have the opinion that this is what they are. We don't consider our customers to be mere consumers; we consider them to be our friends. [ …
Consider - definition of consider by The Free Dictionary
1. to think carefully about, esp. in order to make a decision; contemplate; ponder. 2. to regard as or deem to be: I consider the matter settled. 3. to think, believe, or suppose. 4. to bear in mind; …
CONSIDER - Definition & Meaning - Reverso English Dictionary
Consider definition: think about something seriously or carefully. Check meanings, examples, usage tips, pronunciation, domains, and related words. Discover expressions like "consider it …
Consider - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Consider is a verb that simply means to think about, look at, or judge. Consider, for a moment, the perks of house sitting for your pool-owning neighbors before you immediately refuse their …
CONSIDER Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Consider definition: to think carefully about, especially in order to make a decision; contemplate; reflect on.. See examples of CONSIDER used in a sentence.
What does consider mean? - Definitions.net
To consider means to think about or carefully contemplate something, often with the intention of making a decision or forming an opinion. It involves thoroughly examining different aspects, …
Consider Definition & Meaning - YourDictionary
To think carefully about (something), especially before making a decision; I needed more time to consider my options. We considered taking the train instead of the bus. To think about in order …
CONSIDER Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of CONSIDER is to think about carefully. How to use consider in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Consider.
CONSIDER Synonyms: 173 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Some common synonyms of consider are contemplate, study, and weigh. While all these words mean "to think about in order to arrive at a judgment or decision," consider may suggest giving …
CONSIDER | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
CONSIDER definition: 1. to spend time thinking about a possibility or making a decision: 2. to give attention to a…. Learn more.
CONSIDER definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
If you consider a person or thing to be something, you have the opinion that this is what they are. We don't consider our customers to be mere consumers; we consider them to be our friends. [ …
Consider - definition of consider by The Free Dictionary
1. to think carefully about, esp. in order to make a decision; contemplate; ponder. 2. to regard as or deem to be: I consider the matter settled. 3. to think, believe, or suppose. 4. to bear in mind; …
CONSIDER - Definition & Meaning - Reverso English Dictionary
Consider definition: think about something seriously or carefully. Check meanings, examples, usage tips, pronunciation, domains, and related words. Discover expressions like "consider it …
Consider - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Consider is a verb that simply means to think about, look at, or judge. Consider, for a moment, the perks of house sitting for your pool-owning neighbors before you immediately refuse their …
CONSIDER Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Consider definition: to think carefully about, especially in order to make a decision; contemplate; reflect on.. See examples of CONSIDER used in a sentence.
What does consider mean? - Definitions.net
To consider means to think about or carefully contemplate something, often with the intention of making a decision or forming an opinion. It involves thoroughly examining different aspects, …
Consider Definition & Meaning - YourDictionary
To think carefully about (something), especially before making a decision; I needed more time to consider my options. We considered taking the train instead of the bus. To think about in order …
CONSIDER Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of CONSIDER is to think about carefully. How to use consider in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Consider.
