Advertisement
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: B F Skinner Marc N. Richelle, 2016-04-01 B.F. Skinner died in August 1990. He had been praised as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century, but was also attacked by a variety of opponents within and outside the field of psychology. This introduction to his work is first of all a guide to a correct reading of his writings, a reading devoid of the distortions and misinterpretations often conveyed by many commentators, including psychologists. It frames Skinner's contributions with reference to major European traditions in psychological sciences, namely Pavlov, Freud, Lorenz and Piaget. Crucial aspects of Skinner's theory and methodological stands are discussed in the context of contemporary debates: special attention is devoted to the relationship of psychology with biology and the neurosciences, to the cognitivist movement, to the status of language and to the explanation of novelty and creativity in human behaviour.; Finally, Skinner's social and political philosophy is presented with an emphasis on the provocative aspects of an analysis of current social practices which fail to solve most of the urgent problems humankind is confronted with today. Both in science proper and in human affairs at large, Skinner's thought is shown to be not behind, as is often claimed, but ahead of the times, be it in his interactive view of linguistic communication, in his very modern use of the evolutionary analogy to explain the dynamics of behaviour, or in his vision of ecological constraints. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: About Behaviorism B.F. Skinner, 1976-02-12 A seminal work that delves into the depths of one of psychology's most influential and controversial philosophies. Written by a leading proponent of behaviorism, this comprehensive book offers an exploration of the principles and arguments that underpin this groundbreaking approach to understanding human behavior. About Behaviorism is an opportunity to match wits with one of the great men of psychology and to participate in some of its great debates. —James B. Rule, Newsday |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Walden two Burrhus F. Skinner, 1974 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: The Psychology of B F Skinner William O′Donohue, Kyle E. Ferguson, 2001-03-15 The authors provide a concise overview of the basic principles and methods used by modern behavior analysts, as well as a thorough discussion of the difference between reward and reinforcement and elicited and emitted behavior. —THE PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD O′Donohue and Ferguson provide an exceptionally clear picture of the breadth, scientific importance, and value to society of the work of the late B.F. Skinner. They include reasons that his work has been criticized and misunderstood. A substantial index, an attractive cover and typeface, and a readable style are bonuses to this exceptionally well-researched, accurate, and fair description of Skinner′s work. All collections.— CHOICE In The Psychology of B. F. Skinner, William T. O′Donohue and Kyle E. Ferguson not only introduce the life of one of the most influential psychologist of the past century but also put that life into historical and philosophical context. In so doing, they illuminate Skinner′s contributions to psychology, his philosophy of science, his experimental research program, and the behavioral principles and applied aspects that emerged from it. They also rebut criticism of Skinner′s work, including radical behaviorism, and discuss key developments others have derived from it. Behaviorists, or more precisely Skinnerians, commonly consider Skinner′s work to have been misrepresented, misunderstood, and, to some extent, even defamed. The authors take great care in accurately representing both the strengths and the weaknesses of his positions. They also attempt to correct misinterpretations of his work. Finally, they guide students through Skinner′s theories and demonstrate their applications and usefulness via extensive examples and illustrations. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Verbal Behavior Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1957 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Schedules of Reinforcement B. F. Skinner, C. B. Ferster, 2015-05-20 The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it John Broadus Watson, 1913 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: The Behavior of Organisms B. F. Skinner, 1990 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: B.F. Skinner Daniel W. Bjork, 1997-01-01 This biography of one of the world's most eminent psychologists describes Skinner's youth, family and education, his early and lingering desires to become famous as a writer or artist, his lifelong fascination with literary and bohemian figures, his difficult life and his devotion to his children. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Behavior Theory and Philosophy Kennon A. Lattal, Philip N. Chase, 2013-03-14 This volume is based on a conference held at West Virginia University in April, 2000 in recognition of the career-long contributions to psychology of Hayne W. Reese, Centennial Professor of Psychology, who retired from the University at the end of the 1999-2000 academic year. Although Professor Reese may be even better known for his contributions to developmental psychology, his influential scholarly work on philosophical and conceptual issues that impact all of psychology provided the impetus for the confer ence. Behavior theory and philosophy was the name given by Professor Reese and one of the authors in this volume, Jon Krapfl, to a course that they developed at West Virginia University in the late 1970s. 1t seemed appro priate to adopt its title for both the conference and this volume as the shared theme involves the ideas that have shaped modern behavior analysis. A number of people contributed to the success of the May, 2000 confer ence honoring Hayne Reese and we thank them all for their efforts: Dean Duane Nellis of the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at WVU offered enthusiastic support for the project both financially and through his as signment of staff to help with the conference. Mark Dalessandro, Relations Director for the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, served as the point man for the conference and made all of the local arrangements both within the university and the community. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: The Technology of Teaching B. F. Skinner, 2016-04-26 On Parent's Day, in 1952, B. F. Skinner visited his daughter's fourth grade math class. As he watched the lesson, he became increasingly uncomfortable. Almost every principle of effective teaching that he had studied for more than 20 years was being violated in that classroom. Yet it was a typical class. The teacher showed how to solve the day's problems, then gave the students a worksheet to do. Some children began to work readily while others shifted uncomfortably in their chairs, or raised their hands for help. The teacher went from desk to desk, giving help and feedback. Skinner knew what was needed. Each student should be given a problem tailored precisely to his or her skill level, not to the class average, and every answer needed to be assessed immediately to determine the next step. The task was clearly impossible for one teacher. That afternoon, Skinner set to work on a teaching machine. Today's computers have made the mechanical machine obsolete, but the principles of how to design instruction in steps that lead from a basic level to competent performance are as valid today as they were in the 20th century. This book brings together Skinner's writings on education during the years he was most involved in improving education. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Modern Perspectives on John B. Watson and Classical Behaviorism James T. Todd, Edward K. Morris, 1994 This volume reassesses the role of classical behaviourism in 20th-century psychology, providing modern perspectives that correct the standard views of John B. Watson. This historical analysis includes comprehensive bibliographies of Watson's published works and important related studies. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology Gregory A. Kimble, Michael Wertheimer, 2014-04-08 This third volume in a series devoted to luminaries in the history of psychology--features chapter authors who are themselves highly visible and eminent scholars. They provide glimpses of the giants who shaped modern cognitive and behavioral science, and shed new light on their contributions and personalities, often with a touch of humor or whimsy and with fresh personal insights. The animated style, carefully selected details, and lively perspective make the people, ideas, and controversies in the history of psychology come alive. The fields touched on in this and other volumes cover all of the subfields of psychology. As such, all volumes of Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology will be of interest to psychologists, as well as scholars in related fields. The resourceful teacher could use a selection of chapters as supplementary readings to enhance almost any course in the discipline. The major purpose of these books is to provide source materials for students and their teachers in undergraduate and graduate courses in the history of psychology. Each of the five volumes in this series contains different profiles thereby bringing more than 100 of the pioneers in psychology more vividly to life. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Psychology Classics B. F. Skinner, David Webb, 2013-06-27 A Psychology Classic Burrhus Frederic B. F. Skinner ranks among the most frequently cited and influential psychologists in the history of the discipline. Building on the behaviorist theories of Ivan Pavlov and John Watson he was the first psychologist to receive a Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Psychological Association (APA.) Originally published in 1948, Superstition in The Pigeon is a learning theory classic. Note To Psychology StudentsIf you ever have to do a paper, assignment or class project on the work of B. F. Skinner having access to Superstition in The Pigeon in full will prove invaluable. A psychology classic is by definition a must read; however, most landmark texts within the discipline remain unread by a majority of psychology students. A detailed, well written description of a classic study is fine to a point, but there is absolutely no substitute for understanding and engaging with the issues under review than by reading the authors unabridged ideas, thoughts and findings in their entirety. Bonus MaterialShortly after the publication of Superstition in the Pigeon, Skinner gave a detailed account of his science of behavior in a paper presented to the Midwestern Psychological Association, in Chicago. First published in 1950, the paper entitled Are Theories of Learning Necessary? is also presented in full. Superstition in The Pigeon by B. F. Skinner has been produced as part of an initiative by the website www.all-about-psychology.com to make historically important psychology publications widely available. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: The Selection of Behavior Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1988-06-24 This 1988 book is a revealing historical record of the work of B. F. Skinner and its impact on psychology. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: New Learning Mary Kalantzis, Bill Cope, 2012-06-29 Fully updated and revised, the second edition of New Learning explores the contemporary debates and challenges in education and considers how schools can prepare their students for the future. New Learning, Second Edition is an inspiring and comprehensive resource for pre-service and in-service teachers alike. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: B.F. Skinner's Behaviorism Mark P. Cosgrove, 1982-01-01 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Historical Foundations of Educational Psychology John A. Glover, Royce R. Ronning, 2013-11-11 This volume represents a beginning effort to compile a history of educational psychology The project began, innocuously enough, several years ago when we decided to add mon material about the history of educational psychology to the undergraduate course we were teaching. What seemed like a simple task became very complex as we searched in vain for a volume dealing with the topic. We ended up drawing on various histories of psychology that devoted anywhere from a few paragraphs to several pages to the topic and on a very few articles addressing the issue. We were startled, frankly, by the apparent lack of interest in the history of our field and decided to attempt to compile a history ourselves. As is the case with any edited volume, the contributing authors deserve credit for its positive features. They uniformly made every effort asked of them and taught us much about educational psychology. Any errors or omissions are our responsibility alone. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Conditioning Techniques in Clinical Practice and Research Leo Alexander, 2013-11-27 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Personality Theory in a Cultural Context Mark D. Kelland, 2010-07-19 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Reflections on Behaviorism and Society Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1978 B.F. Skinner presents his views on behavior modification and the role of behaviorism in society, education, and future attainment of the goals of humanism. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Educational Psychology Barry J. Zimmerman, Dale H. Schunk, 2014-08-13 Educational Psychology: A Century of Contributions--the first comprehensive book-length treatment of this topic--looks at the historic contributions of 16 leading psychologists, as well as others, who influenced the field of educational psychology from its philosophical moorings in the late 19th century to its current scientific status at the dawn of the 21st. It presents information regarding these individuals' ideas and scientific discoveries, along with a sense of the historical context in which they lived. The book is divided into three sections that correspond to three eras in the history of the discipline: *the founding period (1880s to 1920); *the rise to prominence period (1920 to1960); and *the modern period (1960 to the present). Each section begins with an overview chapter describing the period in terms of key social, political, and historical events affecting educational theory, research, and practice. In addition, the overview chapters discuss major theoretical, methodological, and instructional contributions of the period and how they changed the course of educational psychology. The biographical chapters describe the scholar's major contribution in terms of theory, research, and practice and his or her legacy and impact. These descriptions portray these individuals as real human beings responding to historical events and social influences of their time in personal and collective ways that changed the nature and direction of the field. Educational Psychology: A Century of Contributions is a cohesive collection appropriate for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in educational psychology. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Educational Technology and the Teaching-learning Process Jeanne Saylor Berthold, Mary Alice Curran, 1968 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Without/within Floyd W. Matson, 1973 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Opening Skinner's Box Lauren Slater, 2004 Traces developments in human psychology over the course of the twentieth century, beginning with B. F. Skinner and the legend of the child raised in a box. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Learning in Adulthood Sharan B. Merriam, Lisa M. Baumgartner, 2020-01-06 The new edition of the authoritative book in the field of adult education — fully revised to reflect the latest research and practice implications. For nearly three decades, Learning in Adulthood has been the definitive guide in the field of adult education. Now in its fourth edition, this comprehensive volume is fully revised to reflect the latest developments in theory, research, and practice. The authors integrate foundational research and current knowledge to present fresh, original perspectives on teaching and learning in adulthood. Written by internationally-recognized experts, this market-leading guide draws from work in sociology, philosophy, critical social theory, psychology, and education to provide an inclusive overview of adult learning. Designed primarily for educators of adults, this book is accessible for readers new to adult education, yet suitably rigorous for those more familiar with the subject. Content is organized into four practical parts, covering topics such as the social context of adult learning, self-directed and transformational learning, postmodern and feminist perspectives, cognitive development in adulthood, and more. Offering the most comprehensive single-volume treatment of adult learning available, this landmark text: Offers a wide-ranging perspective on adult learning Synthesizes the latest thinking and work in the field Includes coverage of the sociocultural perspectives of adult learning Explores the broader social implications of adult education Learning in Adulthood: A Comprehensive Guide, 4th Edition is an indispensable resource for educators and administrators involved in teaching adults, as well as faculty and students in graduate programs in adult education. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Contingencies of Reinforcement Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1969 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Introduction to Psychology Jennifer Walinga, Charles Stangor, This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: The New Behaviorism John Staddon, 2014-03-05 This groundbreaking book presents a brief history of behaviorism, the dominant movement in American psychology in the first half of the 20th Century. It then analyzes and criticizes radical behaviorism, as pioneered by B.F. Skinner, and its philosophy and applications to social issues. This second edition is a completely rewritten and much expanded version of the first edition, published nearly 15 years earlier. It surveys what changes have occurred within behaviorism and whether it has maintained its influence on experimental cognitive psychology or other fields. The mission of the book is to help steer experimental psychology away from its current undisciplined indulgence in mental life toward the core of science, which is an economical description of nature. The author argues that parsimony -- the elementary philosophical distinction between private and public events, even biology, evolution and animal psychology -- all are ignored by much contemporary cognitive psychology. The failings of radical behaviorism as well as a philosophically defective cognitive psychology point to the need for a new theoretical behaviorism, which can deal with problems such as consciousness that have been either ignored, evaded or muddled by existing approaches. This new behaviorism provides a unified framework for the science of behavior that can be applied both to the laboratory and to broader practical issues such as law and punishment, the health-care system, and teaching. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Encyclopedia of Educational Psychology Neil J. Salkind, Kristin Rasmussen, 2008-01-17 The field of educational psychology draws from a variety of diverse disciplines including human development across the life span, measurement and statistics, learning and motivation, and teaching. And within these different disciplines, many other fields are featured including psychology, anthropology, education, sociology, public health, school psychology, counseling, history, and philosophy. In fact, when taught at the college or university level, educational psychology is an ambitious course that undertakes the presentation of many different topics all tied together by the theme of how the individual can best function in an educational setting, loosely defined as anything from pre-school through adult education. Educational psychology can be defined as the application of what we know about learning and motivation, development, and measurement and statistics to educational settings (both school- and community-based). |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Educational Psychology Barry J. Zimmerman, Dale H. Schunk, 2014-08-13 Educational Psychology: A Century of Contributions--the first comprehensive book-length treatment of this topic--looks at the historic contributions of 16 leading psychologists, as well as others, who influenced the field of educational psychology from its philosophical moorings in the late 19th century to its current scientific status at the dawn of the 21st. It presents information regarding these individuals' ideas and scientific discoveries, along with a sense of the historical context in which they lived. The book is divided into three sections that correspond to three eras in the history of the discipline: *the founding period (1880s to 1920); *the rise to prominence period (1920 to1960); and *the modern period (1960 to the present). Each section begins with an overview chapter describing the period in terms of key social, political, and historical events affecting educational theory, research, and practice. In addition, the overview chapters discuss major theoretical, methodological, and instructional contributions of the period and how they changed the course of educational psychology. The biographical chapters describe the scholar's major contribution in terms of theory, research, and practice and his or her legacy and impact. These descriptions portray these individuals as real human beings responding to historical events and social influences of their time in personal and collective ways that changed the nature and direction of the field. Educational Psychology: A Century of Contributions is a cohesive collection appropriate for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in educational psychology. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Handbook of Psychology: Educational psychology Irving B. Weiner, Donald K. Freedheim, 2003 Includes established theories and cutting-edge developments. Presents the work of an international group of experts. Presents the nature, origin, implications, an future course of major unresolved issues in the area. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Tackling the Motivation Crisis Mike Anderson, 2021-08-16 Packed with practical strategies you can use to create a culture of self-motivation in your school! Teachers use traditional incentive and reward systems with the best of intentions. We're trying to support students' positive behavior and learning. We're hoping to motivate and inspire students to work hard and do well in school. If everyone behaves, we'll have a pizza party. The more books you read, the more stickers you'll receive. On the surface, these systems seem to make sense. They may even seem to work. But in the long term, they do not foster intrinsic motivation or a love or learning. In fact, they often have the opposite effect. In Tackling the Motivation Crisis: How to Activate Student Learning Without Behavior Charts, Pizza Parties, or Other Hard-to-Quit Incentive Systems, award-winning educator and best-selling author Mike Anderson explains * The damage done by extrinsic motivation systems and why they are so hard for us to give up. * What intrinsic motivation looks like and the six high-impact motivators—autonomy, belonging, competence, purpose, fun, and curiosity—that foster it. * How to teach the self-management and self-motivation skills that can make a difference for kids. * How to use intrinsic motivation in curricula and instructional strategies, feedback and assessment, and discipline and classroom management. Ultimately, our job as teachers is not to motivate our students. It's to make sure that our classrooms and schools are places that inspire their intrinsic motivation and allow it to flourish. Anderson shows how you can better do that right away—no matter what grade level or subject area you teach. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: B.F. Skinner: Consensus And Controversy Sohan Modgil, Celia Modgil, 2005-06-21 Published in the year 1987, B.F.Skinner: Consensus and Contribution is a valuable contribution to the field of Education. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Animal Intelligence Edward L. Thorndike, 2020-09-28 |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Science And Human Behavior B.F Skinner, 2012-12-18 The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: The Principles of Learning & Behavior Michael Domjan, Barbara Burkhard, 1986 This popular text gives students a comprehensive and readable introduction to contemporary issues in learning and behaviour, while providing balanced coverage of classical and instrumental conditioning. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Evolution of Psychology: From Ancient Times to the Present Day Mioara Crenganis, 2024-11-21 In the pages of this remarkable book, we embark on a fascinating journey through the history and evolution of psychology. We will uncover the key milestones that shaped this ever-evolving science, exploring the revolutionary theories and visionary minds that have left an indelible mark on the field. With each page, we will be drawn into the brilliance of groundbreaking ideas, witnessing how the insights of these pioneers have interwoven into a vast legacy of knowledge. From Freud and Jung’s profound theories to Pavlov and Skinner’s groundbreaking experiments, and Maslow and Rogers’ humanistic vision, we traverse an intellectual landscape rich in diversity and discovery. This journey reveals the intricate complexity of the human mind, offering a deeper understanding of behavior, emotions, and cognition. As we walk in the footsteps of those who have transformed our understanding of psychology, we will encounter surprising revelations at every turn. Prepare to immerse yourself in this fascinating world, navigate the waves of knowledge, and emerge with a broadened perspective. Let your passion for psychology guide you as you uncover the secrets of the human mind! From the earliest times in human history, spanning back to ancient civilizations, there has been an innate curiosity surrounding the enigmatic workings of the human mind. It has been a persistent endeavour to comprehend the intricacies of the mind and the multifaceted ways in which it can veer off course. Mental illness, contrary to popular belief, is not a product of modernity; it has plagued societies throughout the annals of time. Scarcely any society has managed to grapple with mental illness without resorting, at least to some extent, to the supernatural. The delineation between those influenced by abnormal mental processes and those who exhibit similar behaviours due to their purported evil inclinations has historically proven to be an arduous task. Furthermore, the ancient practice of confining perilous individuals—a contemporary perception of the possessed—in custodial settings has been superseded by a modern counterpart. Now, individuals who transgress societal norms and legislation are incarcerated based on the perception that they are inherently wicked or harbour evil within them. This confinement extends even to those afflicted by genuine psychological disorders, who find themselves subjected to the same imprisonment as those who have committed malevolent deeds. Given the vast expanse of time, the history of psychology can undoubtedly be perceived as paralleling the chronicles of humankind. Remarkably, even in bygone eras, primitive attempts were made to elucidate the intricate tapestry of human behaviour. This enduring intrigue persisted through the ages, gradually evolving into a more sophisticated discipline. However, it is only in the mid-nineteenth century that the transformation of psychology into an empirical science can be discerned. Over the course of the last 150 years, this scientific field has undergone seismic shifts, transcending its initial focus on experimental psychology. It has now burgeoned into a multifaceted domain that encompasses not just the intangible realm of the mind and its myriad functions, but also entwines with aspects pertaining to the physical, biological, clinical, and social facets of human existence. In this book, I will take an intriguing journey to explore the fascinating history of psychology. This journey will cover centuries, from its origins in ancient times to the present day, highlighting the significant advancements that have occurred over the past 150 years. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: A Matter of Consequences Burrhus Frederic Skinner, 1983 The first two volumes of Dr. Skinner's autobiography (Particulars of My Life and The Shaping of a Behaviorist) revealed his small-town boyhood and youth, and mapped out the development and implementation of his psychological theories, his experimental studies, and his writing, bringing us up to the time of the publication of Walden Two, perhaps the most successful modern utopian novel. In the present volume, he applies himself to a further explanation of his methods and philosophy, and delineates the ways in which his ideas have changed, grown, and been reinforced. This is the third and final volume of his autobiography. |
| contributions of bf skinner to educational psychology: Untold Lives Elizabeth Scarborough, Laurel Furumoto, 1987 The presence of women psychologists has largely been blotted out of historical accounts of the discipline. Untold Lives explores why this has occurred and champions the cause of writing women into history by reconstructing the lives of twenty-five pioneering women psychologists in America. Providing a detailed examination of several gender-specific issues, the authors describe several ways in which the experiences of this group of women differed from those of their male counterparts. Each of five early chapters tells the story of one woman whose life or career vividly exemplifies a particular theme: institutional barriers to graduate education, obligations of a daughter to her family, the marriage versus career dilemma, limited employment opportunities, and discrimination by male colleagues. The book concludes with a collective portrait of this first generation and cameos that highlight their unique experiences. -- From publisher's description. |
CONTRIBUTION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
As mayor, he made many positive contributions to the growth of the city. a book of essays including contributions from several well-known political columnists The money was raised by …
CONTRIBUTION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
He raised $1.2 million in campaign contributions. [ C or U ] ACCOUNTING the amount of money earned from a product , service , or activity which is used to pay for its overheads (= regular …
325 Synonyms & Antonyms for CONTRIBUTION - Thesaurus.com
In protests where demonstrators are trying to stress the important contributions of immigrants and diversity, the assortment of national banners helps to underscore that message, he said. Now, …
contribution noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and ...
Definition of contribution noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. [countable] a gift or payment that is made to a person or an organization in order to help pay for something …
CONTRIBUTION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Contribution definition: the act of contributing.. See examples of CONTRIBUTION used in a sentence.
What does contributions mean? - Definitions.net
Feb 10, 2016 · Definition of contributions in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of contributions. What does contributions mean? Information and translations of contributions in …
Contribution - definition of ... - The Free Dictionary
1. the act of contributing. 2. something contributed. 3. an article, story, etc., furnished to a publication. 4. an impost or levy. 5. the method of distributing liability among several insurers …
CONTRIBUTION Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
As mayor, he made many positive contributions to the growth of the city. a book of essays including contributions …
CONTRIBUTION | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
He raised $1.2 million in campaign contributions. [ C or U ] ACCOUNTING the amount of money earned from a product , …
325 Synonyms & Antonyms for CONTRIBUTION - Thesaurus.com
In protests where demonstrators are trying to stress the important contributions of immigrants and diversity, the assortment …
contribution noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and ...
Definition of contribution noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. [countable] a gift or payment that is made to a person or an organization in order to …
CONTRIBUTION Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Contribution definition: the act of contributing.. See examples of CONTRIBUTION used in a sentence.
