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| cynic epistles: The Cynic Epistles Abraham J. Malherbe, 1977 |
| cynic epistles: The Cynics R. Bracht Branham, Marie-Odile Goulet-Cazé, 2023-07-28 This collection of essays—the first of its kind in English—brings together the work of an international group of scholars examining the entire tradition associated with the ancient Cynics. The essays give a history of the movement as well as a state-of-the-art account of the literary, philosophical and cultural significance of Cynicism from antiquity to the present. Arguably the most original and influential branch of the Socratic tradition, Cynicism has become the focus of renewed scholarly interest in recent years, thanks to the work of Sloterdijk, Foucault, and Bakhtin, among others. The contributors to this volume—classicists, comparatists, and philosophers—draw on a variety of methodologies to explore the ethical, social and cultural practices inspired by the Cynics. The volume also includes an introduction, appendices, and an annotated bibliography, making it a valuable resource for a broad audience. This collection of essays—the first of its kind in English—brings together the work of an international group of scholars examining the entire tradition associated with the ancient Cynics. The essays give a history of the movement as well as a state-of-th |
| cynic epistles: Sammlung James McConkey Robinson, Jozef Verheyden, 2005 This volume brings the revised version of the full collection of 38 essays covering James Robinson's studies on Q, from his 1964 break-through article on the genre of Q to the corpus of hotly debated contributions on Q 12,27 which he published between 1998 and 2002 and his detailed presentation of the 'Critical Edition of Q' (2002). Edited by C. Heil and J. Verheyden. |
| cynic epistles: Ancient Letters and the New Testament Hans-Josef Klauck, Daniel P. Bailey, 2006 This volume places the New Testament letters squarely in the middle of all the important letter corpora of antiquity. Chapters cover the basic letter formula, papyrus and postal delivery, non-literary and diplomatic correspondence, Greek and Latin literary letters, epistolary theory, letters in early Judaism, and all the letters of the New Testament. Part I of each chapter surveys each corpus, followed by detailed exegetical examples in Part II. Comprehensive bibliographies and 54 exercises with answers suit this guide to student and scholar alike.--Publisher's website. |
| cynic epistles: The Pastoral Epistles Benjamin Fiore (s.j.), 2007 First and Second Timothy and Titus have for many years borne the collective title The Pastoral Epistles. Both their style and their content make it difficult to locate them within the corpus of Pauline letters, and recent scholarship most often considers them pseudonymous, works that imitate Paul's letters but apply the apostle's teaching to the concerns of a later time, two or more decades after Paul's death. The Pastorals differ from Paul's own letters in being addressed to single individuals, coworkers of Paul who have been placed in charge of particular churches 'Timothy apparently in Ephesus, Titus in Crete. They provide instruction for community leaders, both the individual addressees and other leaders whom they will appoint. The specification of certain offices within the local churches is one of the features that appear to locate these works in a later phase of church development. In this commentary Benjamin Fiore, SJ, places the Pastorals in their historical and literary context. The reader will find here a solid introduction to parallel literary forms in Latin and Greek literature and particular descriptions of the way in which these documents use ancient rhetorical forms to achieve their paraenetic and hortatory purpose. Drawing on his parish experience as well as his academic training, Fiore also provides reflections on the contemporary pastoral application of these books, giving readers a renewed appreciation for the pastoral label these epistles bear. Benjamin Fiore, SJ, is president and professor of religious studies at Campion College at the University of Regina (Canada). |
| cynic epistles: The Cynic Epistles Abraham J. Malherbe, 1977 |
| cynic epistles: Desire in Paul's Undisputed Epistles Andrew Bowden, 2020-12-18 In this study, Andrew Bowden analyzes Paul's use of »desire« (ἐπιθυμέω, ἐπιθυμητής, and ἐπιθυμία) in his undisputed epistles. After introducing critical research on these lexemes, the author applies John Lyons's theory of semantic analysis to the use of ἐπιθυμέω κτλ in Roman imperial texts. Based on these observations, he makes a hypothesis concerning the common co-occurrences of »desire« in Roman imperial texts, its antonyms, the objects it longs for, and its use within metaphorical discourse. This hypothesis is then tested by looking at the use of »desire« in Dio Chrysostom, Epictetus, Lucian of Samosata, the Cynic epistles, and Second Temple Jewish texts. Andrew Bowden illustrates how, contrary to the view of many scholars, these Roman imperial authors consistently mention positive objects of »desire.« He then applies these findings concerning »desire« to Paul, yielding important and sometimes unexpected discoveries. -- |
| cynic epistles: The Cynic epistles Abraham J. Malherbe, 1986 |
| cynic epistles: 1 Peter Craig S. Keener, 2021-06-15 Leading New Testament scholar Craig Keener, one of the most trusted exegetes working today, is widely respected for his thorough research, sound judgments, and knowledge of ancient sources. His four-volume magnum opus on Acts has received high praise from all quarters. This commentary on 1 Peter features Keener's meticulous and comprehensive research and offers a wealth of fresh insights. It will benefit students, pastors, and church leaders alike. |
| cynic epistles: Acts: An Exegetical Commentary : Volume 2 Craig S. Keener, 2013-10-15 Highly respected New Testament scholar Craig Keener is known for his meticulous and comprehensive research. This commentary on Acts, his magnum opus, may be the largest and most thoroughly documented Acts commentary available. Useful not only for the study of Acts but also early Christianity, this work sets Acts in its first-century context. In this volume, the second of four, Keener continues his detailed exegesis of Acts, utilizing an unparalleled range of ancient sources and offering a wealth of fresh insights. This magisterial commentary will be an invaluable resource for New Testament professors and students, pastors, Acts scholars, and libraries. |
| cynic epistles: Acts: An Exegetical Commentary : Volume 3 Craig S. Keener, 2014-09-30 Highly respected New Testament scholar Craig Keener is known for his meticulous and comprehensive research. This commentary on Acts, his magnum opus, may be the largest and most thoroughly documented Acts commentary available. Useful not only for the study of Acts but also early Christianity, this work sets Acts in its first-century context. In this volume, the third of four, Keener continues his detailed exegesis of Acts, utilizing an unparalleled range of ancient sources and offering a wealth of fresh insights. This magisterial commentary will be an invaluable resource for New Testament professors and students, pastors, Acts scholars, and libraries. |
| cynic epistles: Classical Cynicism Luis Navia, 1996-10-11 More than a school of philosophy with a defined set of beliefs and convictions, classical Cynicism represents an unconventional sect of philosophers and a way of life. This is a complete account of classical Cynicism from its beginnings in the Socratic circle to its extinction in late Roman times. In this thoroughly documented study, Navia explores various issues related to the sources of information about the Cynics, the development of Cynicism, and the principal representatives of classical Cynicism. Exploring the relationship between classical Cynicism and cynicism as understood in its ordinary modern sense, the author argues that despite their common designation, they represent significantly different philosophical attitudes. This book explicates the main ideas associated with classical Cynicism and argues that, its shortcomings notwithstanding, classical Cynicism furnishes us with a wealthy source of philosophical enlightenment. Individual chapters are devoted to Antisthenes, Diogenes, and Crates, the three principal classical Cynics. Attention is given to the development and application of certain fundamental Cynic ideas and to the transformation of these ideas throughout the eight centuries during which Cynicism was an influential philosophical movement. The book provides abundant references to primary and secondary sources and includes a bibliography of over five hundred entries. |
| cynic epistles: Making Sense in (and Of) the First Christian Century Francis Gerald Downing, 2000-08-01 The first Christian century must be approached with careful attention to its cultural and linguistic heterogeneity. It should not simply be assumed that this past 'is a different place, they do things differently there'. Downing treats the ways in which early Christians tried to 'make things make sense' within their cultures, noting both the similarities and differences between their ways and contemporary ones and stressing the variety of contexts and influences on first-century communication. Downing brings his renowned expertise to bear in illuminating the cultural features of early Christian society with a range of fascinating and telling examples. |
| cynic epistles: Acts: An Exegetical Commentary : Volume 1 Craig S. Keener, 2012-09-01 Highly respected New Testament scholar Craig Keener is known for his meticulous and comprehensive research. This commentary on Acts, his magnum opus, may be the largest and most thoroughly documented Acts commentary available. Useful not only for the study of Acts but also early Christianity, this work sets Acts in its first-century context. In this volume, the first of four, Keener introduces the book of Acts, particularly historical questions related to it, and provides detailed exegesis of its opening chapters. He utilizes an unparalleled range of ancient sources and offers a wealth of fresh insights. This magisterial commentary will be a valuable resource for New Testament professors and students, pastors, Acts scholars, and libraries. |
| cynic epistles: Dictionary of New Testament Background CRAIG A EVANS, STANLEY E PORTER, 2020-05-21 The 'Dictionary of New Testament Background' joins the 'Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels', the 'Dictionary of Paul and his Letters' and the 'Dictionary of the Later New Testament and its Developments' as the fourth in a landmark series of reference works on the Bible. In a time when our knowledge of the ancient Mediterranean world has grown, this volume sets out for readers the wealth of Jewish and Greco-Roman background that should inform our reading and understanding of the New Testament and early Christianity. 'The Dictionary of New Testament Background', takes full advantage of the flourishing study of the Dead Sea Scrolls and offers individual articles focused on the most important scrolls. In addition, the Dictionary encompasses the fullness of second-temple Jewish writings, whether pseudepigraphic, rabbinic, parables, proverbs, histories or inscriptions. Articles abound on aspects of Jewish life and thought, including family, purity, liturgy and messianism. The full scope of Greco-Roman culture is displayed in articles ranging across language and rhetoric, literacy and book benefactors, travel and trade, intellectual movements and ideas, and ancient geographical perspectives. No other reference work presents so much in one place for students of the New Testament. Here an entire library of scholarship is made available in summary form. The Dictionary of New Testament Background can stand alone, or work in concert with one or more of its companion volumes in the series. Written by acknowledged experts in their fields, this wealth of knowledge of the New Testament era is carefully aimed at the needs of contemporary students of the New Testament. In addition, its full bibliographies and cross-references to other volumes in the series will make it the first book to reach for in any investigation of the New Testament in its ancient setting. |
| cynic epistles: Greek and Roman Philosophy Timothy A. Brookins, 2025-05-06 For students of the New Testament wanting a background into Greek and Roman philosophy to help them better understand the New Testament text. This book offers a survey of the Greek philosophical tradition from its inception in the Classical period until the final stages of its evolution beginning in the first part of Late Antiquity, covering the pre-Socratics, the Classical philosophers, the major schools of the Hellenistic period (the Stoics, Epicureans, Academics), the rise of Roman philosophy, developments and revivals in the post-Hellenistic period, and the emergence of Christianity as a philosophy. While making Greek and Roman philosophy its central feature, the book’s underlying interest is the relevance of these traditions to the early Christian movement, especially the New Testament. For although Christianity is rooted in and ineradicably linked with Judaism, its shoots quickly extended outward into the Greco-Roman world where it was able to flower and propagate only by competing with the intellectual traditions of the Greek-speaking world, above all, the philosophical traditions. A knowledge of these traditions, therefore, is an essential complement to the study of Second Temple Judaism for serious students of the New Testament and early Christianity. It is the purpose of this book to offer such an introduction. |
| cynic epistles: Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the Hellenistic Period (330 B.C.- A.D. 400) , 2024-01-22 A comprehensive introduction to classical rhetoric as practised in the hellenistic period. The three sections define the major categories of rhetoric, analyze rhetorical practice according to genre, and treat individual writers in the rhetorical tradition. |
| cynic epistles: The Gospel of John Associate Professor of Religious Studies Hugo Méndez, Hugo Méndez, 2025 The Gospel of John reimagines the origins of the Gospel of John--one of the central scriptures of the Christian tradition. It argues that the book is a falsely authored work (pseudepigraphon), written in the persona of an invented disciple of Jesus. It lays out John's distinctive ideology and offers an exciting, new symbolic reading of its narrative. And in its later chapters, it argues that other works--among them, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, the Apocryphon of John, and Revelation--are also falsely authored works, written to co-opt the identity of this invented disciple. |
| cynic epistles: Paul’s Letters and Contemporary Greco-Roman Literature Paul Robertson, 2016-05-23 In this volume, Paul Robertson re-describes the form of the apostle Paul’s letters in a manner that facilitates transparent, empirical comparison with texts not typically treated by biblical scholars. Paul’s letters are best described by a set of literary characteristics shared by certain Greco-Roman texts, particularly those of Epictetus and Philodemus. Paul Robertson theorizes a new taxonomy of Greco-Roman literature that groups Paul’s letters together with certain Greco-Roman, ethical-philosophical texts written at a roughly contemporary time in the ancient Mediterranean. This particular grouping, termed a socio-literary sphere, is defined by the shared form, content, and social purpose of its constituent texts, as well as certain general similarities between their texts’ authors. |
| cynic epistles: From Quest to Q James McConkey Robinson, 2000 On June 30th 1999, James M. Robinson formally retired from his position as Arthur Letts Jr. Professor of Religion at Claremont Graduate University. At this juncture in his life Peeters Publishers is proud to be the publisher of a festschrift, From Quest to Q, dedicated to Robinson, and his monumental contributions to the field of Q studies or the Sayings Gospel Q. The Festschrift is divided into four sections following an introduction written by Asgeirsson. The first section of the Festschrift entitled From Source to Document opens with a tribute to the jubilee whose very work within the International Q Project has, indeed transformed the hypothetical source into a document using a papyrological model. It is followed by two essays: one on the genre of the document Q and the other on the impact of Old Testament citations or allusions in Q or more specifically the Temptation Story in Q. The second section on Founder and Fashion visits in three essays the questions of the character of Jesus. Whom may he be likened to, what factors in the social environment of the followers of Jesus colored his manners and view of life? In a third section Topos and Topics, four essays deal with diverse theological motifs in Q. From the breaking up of traditional family relationships to the question of the poor, this section also includes the motif of Son of man and the geographical topos, Nazara. The last section, Q in Redaction deals with several aspects of the redaction of Q in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. Finally, in this section, two essays deal with parallel motifs in Q, the Gospel of Thomas, the Synoptic Gospels, as well as the Gospel of John. The contributors, from Europe and the United States, have all worked within the field of Q Studies and together comprise some of the most prominent names among junior and senior scholars in the field. |
| cynic epistles: Encyclopedia of Early Christianity Everett Ferguson, 2013-10-08 First published in 1997. What's new in the Second Edition: Some 250 new entries, twenty-five percent more than in the first edition, plus twenty-five new expert contributors. Bibliographies are greatly expanded and updated throughout; More focus on biblical books and philosophical schools, their influence on early Christianity and their use by patristic writers; More information about the Jewish and pagan environment of early Christianity; Greatly enlarged coverage of the eastern expansion of the faith throughout Asia, including persons and literature; More extensive treatment of saints, monasticism, worship practices, and modern scholars; Greater emphasis on social history and more theme articles; More illustrations, maps, and plans; Additional articles on geographical regions; Expanded chronological table; Also includes maps. |
| cynic epistles: Paul and the Popular Philosophers Abraham J. Malherbe, 2006-02-01 These studies continue a tradition of scholarship that flourished around the turn of the century when new editions of ancient philosophical sources were published. Professor Malherbe, however, widens the scope to include other philosophical traditions. He recognizes and identifies the influences of Platonists, Peripatetics, Cynics, Stoics, Epicureans, and Pythagoreans. These popular philosophers aimed at moral reform; they shared both in their substance and in the techniques employed. Yet, they need to be distinguished in order to discern their influence, if any, on Paul. |
| cynic epistles: By Philosophy and Empty Deceit Troy Martin, 1996-01-01 This book identifies Cynic philosophers as the opponents addressed by the epistle to the Colossians. This identification permits new solutions to old interpretative problems in Colossian studies. In particular, Martin offers a new translation and interpretation of Col. 2.16-23 as well as other problematic passages. Martin contends that the author of Colossians contrasts the hope of the gospel with his opposition's empty deceit and emphasizes important distinctions between Christian ethics and Cynic ethics. The study concludes that Christian ethics as articulated in Colossians transforms societal structures instead of simply rejecting them as Cynic ethics did. |
| cynic epistles: Jesus the Radical Raymond Angelo Belliotti, 2013-10-22 Jesus the Radical: The Parables and Modern Morality connects the lessons of six parables of the New Testament with philosophical issues structured around contemporary morality and the art of leading a good human life. In this manner, Raymond Angelo Belliotti highlights just how radical was the historical Jesus’ moral message and how enormous a challenge he raised to the conventional wisdom of his time. More important, this book demonstrates how deeply opposed is Jesus’ moral message to the dominant moral understandings of our time. Although our conventional morality is generally profoundly influenced by Judeo-Christianity, several of Jesus’ revolutionary insights have been marginalized. By imagining how our world would appear if those insights were highlighted, we can perceive more clearly the people we are and the people we might become. Belliotti's analysis of the parables will be of keen interest to professional philosophers, theologians, and educated lay people interested in the connections between religion and philosophy. |
| cynic epistles: Dogs' Tales Hugh Roberts, 2006-01-01 Sleeping rough, having sex in public and insulting the most powerful men in the world earned the ancient Cynic or ‘dog’ philosophers fame and infamy in antiquity and beyond. This book reveals that French Renaissance texts feature a rich and varied set of responses to the Dogs, including especially Diogenes of Sinope (4th century B.C.), whose life was a subversive performance combining wisdom and wisecracks. Cynicism is a special case in the renewal of interest in ancient philosophy at this time, owing to its transmission through jokes and anecdotes. The Cynics’ curious combination of seduction and sedition goes a long way to account for both the excitement and the tension that they generate in Renaissance texts. Responses to the extreme and deliberately marginal philosophical stance of the Dogs cast light back on the mainstream, revealing cultural attitudes, tensions and uncertainties. Above all, representations of Cynicism constitute a site for the exploration of strange and paradoxical ideas in playful and humorous ways. This is true of both major writers, including Erasmus, Rabelais and Montaigne, and of dozens of other less well-known but fascinating figures. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of intellectual and literary history. |
| cynic epistles: Deconstructing the New Testament Seeley, 2021-08-30 To deconstruct a text means to disassemble the various points of view contained within it, and to let them stand fully exposed with all their own presuppositions. When this is done, the contours of these building blocks appear so different from one another that the structural unity of the text is called into question. Biblical scholars will sense how close this process is to familiar methods of form and source criticism. Without jargon, this study sharpens and clarifies the analytical thrust behind such methods. At the same time, it offers a fresh rendering of redaction criticism, inquiring after the often contradictory motives and historical circumstances influencing the evangelists. This book thus provides an intriguing combination of the old and the new. |
| cynic epistles: The Ethics of the Enactment and Reception of Cruciform Love John Frederick, 2019-07-29 Back cover: In this book, John Frederick critiques the view that Paul was operating from a Hellenistic understanding of moral formation. Rather, the ethics of Colossians were derived from the Jewish Two Ways tradition reinterpreted through a theology of Christ-like transformation through the enactment and reception of cruciform love. |
| cynic epistles: The Classical Origins of Modern Homophobia Robert H. Allen, 2006-05-09 From government to literature to architecture, few fields in western culture are untouched by the influence of Ancient Greece and Rome. Even mores that may seem exclusively modern often have roots in the classical past. This book takes an in-depth look at the ancient roots of homophobia, including its Pythagorean origins and its eventual spread throughout the Roman Empire and, consequently, the rest of the world. Originally, male homosexuality occupied something of an honorable position in ancient Greece. By the end of the Roman period several centuries later, this attitude had changed so radically that to be found guilty of homosexual actions was punishable by death. This work investigates how such a shift occurred and traces the various cultural forces that brought about almost universal homophobia throughout western societies. Beginning with the earliest documented instance of homophobia in the teachings of Pythagoras (who was surrounded by mystery even in ancient times), the author examines its proliferation through various disciplines, citing sources from political history, anthropology, religion, and psychology as well as the analysis of ancient texts. Through extensive historical research, he follows the concept from Greece to Macedonia and finally to Rome, examining relevant religious attitudes including those of Christianity and Judaism. Finally, he discusses the ways in which homophobia was solidified in the legal legacy of the Roman Empire. An extensive bibliography provides additional resources regarding classical influence on modern culture. |
| cynic epistles: On the Road Encounters in Luke-Acts Octavian D. Baban, 2006-10-18 Contemporary reconstructions of Luke's theology of the Way should include in a more conscientious manner the contribution of Luke's post-Easter on the road encounters (the Emmaus, Gaza, and Damascus road narratives). This book argues that Luke follows here the rules of Hellenistic mimesis (imitation), many of which are illustrated in the novels, dramas, and history treatises of his time. Filtering these rules through his own theology and literary taste, he represents, in the end, the history and the proclamation of the early church, in an attractive and challenging manner, inviting his readers to good literature and to captivating spiritual experiences. |
| cynic epistles: Cynics, Paul and the Pauline Churches F. Gerald Downing, 2002-09-11 F. Gerald Downing explores the teachings of Paul, arguing that the development of Paul's preaching and of the Pauline Church owed a great deal to the views of the vagabond Cynic philosophers, critics of the gods and of the ethos of civic society. F. Gerald Downing examines the New Testament writings of Paul, explaining how he would have been seen, heard, perceived and understood by his culturally and ethnically diverse converts and disciples. He engages in a lucid Pauline commentary and offers some startling and ground-breaking views of Paul and his Word. Cynics, Paul and the Pauline Churches is a unique and controversial book, particularly in its endorsement of the simple and ascetic life proffered in Paul's teachings in comparison with the greedy, consumerist and self-promoting nature of today's society. |
| cynic epistles: Paul on Marriage and Celibacy Will Deming, 1995-02-02 Reassesses Paul's thinking on marriage and his place in the history of Christian asceticism. |
| cynic epistles: Cities of the Gods Doyne Dawson, 1992 This historical study of the theory of Utopian communism in ancient Greek thought identifies and assesses the reasons for the decline in Utopian traditions after 150 BC. The author examines the evidence of the survival of Utopian traditions; particularly their influence on early Christianity. |
| cynic epistles: Overcoming Cynicism Megan Mustain, 2011-01-13 Combating the notion of a 'healthy' cynicism, Overcoming Cynicism demonstrates that the cynic engages not in genuine critique, but rather in a denial of the possibility of fruitful change. Mustain first uses two historical versions of cynicism-ancient Greek and Victorian-to describe competing currents within the cynical attitude. She brings this historical discussion to bear upon two contemporary sources of cynicism, Christian fundamentalism and scientism, and offers an alternative path which seeks to confront the real problems we encounter in our experiences of relations relations without either explaining those problems away or making them fundamental. |
| cynic epistles: Ancient Letters and the Purpose of Romans Aaron Ricker, 2020-09-17 Aaron Ricker locates the purpose of Romans in its function as a tool of community identity definition. Ricker employs a comparative analysis of the ways in which community identity definition is performed in first-century association culture, including several ancient network letters comparable to Romans. Ricker's examination of the community advice found in Rom 12-15 reveals in this new context an ancient example of the ways in which an inscribed addressee community can be invited in a letter to see and comport itself as a “proper” association network community. The ideal community addressed in the letter to the Romans is defined as properly unified and orderly, as well accommodating to – and clearly distinct from – cultures “outside.” Finally, it is defined as linked to a proper network with recognised leadership (i.e., the inscribed Paul of the letter and his network). Paul's letter to the Romans is in many ways a baffling and extraordinary document. In terms of its community-defining functions and strategies, however, Ricker shows its purpose to be perfectly clear and understandable. |
| cynic epistles: Epicurus in Lycia Pamela Gordon, 1996 Epicurus in Lycia is the first full-length study of this eccentric second-century C.E. philosopher from Oenoanda, a small city in the mountains of Lycia (now Turkey). Toward the end of his life, Diogenes presented his town with a large limestone inscription that proclaimed the wisdom of the Greek philosopher Epicurus, who had lived five centuries earlier. This unique text, which was discovered in the late nineteenth century, has attracted many modern readers. Previous work on Diogenes, however, has concentrated on the reconstruction of Diogenes' fragmentary Greek text and on the information he offers on lost teachings of Epicurus. Gordon's study offers a new approach to Diogenes and to the history of ancient Epicureanism in general. Rather than considering Diogenes simply as an orthodox Epicurean, Gordon draws attention to his engagement with the bustling world of second-century Roman Asia Minor and demonstrates that his historical setting shaped the way he understood and promoted Epicurean philosophy. Gordon shows that Diogenes participated in the fashionable revival of traditional Greek erudition, but that he parted company with his contemporaries regarding popular religion and the general notoriety of Epicureanism. |
| cynic epistles: Households and Discipleship Warren Carter, 1997-06-01 This study addresses the question of whether a coherent sequence of pericopes can be identified in Matthew chapters 19-20. Employing audience-oriented criticism, it argues that the authorial audience's knowledge of the philosophical tradition concerning household structures provides that coherent sequence. But the audience also encounters in these chapters a critique of the household tradition's patriarchal and hierarchical structure of the rule of husband over wife, father over children, master over slaves, and the accumulation of wealth as an indicator of social identity. It understands that the community of disciples is to exhibit more egalitarian patterns. this alternative structure is placed in the context of wider socio-cultural forces which were also resisting aspects of the conventional household pattern. Features of the alternative structure - opposition ot hierarchical structures, a more egalitarian pattern, a temporal framework, marginal social location, minimalization of gender differences and authority roles and relationships, opposition to wealth - can be seen as aspects of an existence which Victor Turner identifies as normative or permanent liminality. that is, the study of chapters 19-20 contributes significantly to the formulation of the larger pattern of Matthean discipleship. |
| cynic epistles: First-century Cynicism in the Epistles of Heraclitus , 1976 |
| cynic epistles: From the Sayings to the Gospels Christopher Tuckett, 2014-05-27 The essays by Christopher Tuckett collected in this volume represent a number of studies, published over a period of 30 years, seeking to throw light on the way in which Jesus traditions were developed and used in early Christianity. Many of the essays are concerned in one way or another with the Sayings Source Q, discussing its existence, its possible pre-history, and key features of the material it contains. Further essays look at Jesus traditions in Paul and in the Gospel of Thomas. In a final section the author focuses on the individual synoptic gospels, with a number of studies concerned with Christology, especially the use of the term Son of Man. These essays show that early Christian traditions about Jesus can provide valuable information not only about Jesus but also about how early Christians used these traditions to relate to their own situations and contexts. |
| cynic epistles: Asceticism in the Graeco-Roman World Richard Finn, 2009-07-02 Asceticism deploys abstention, self-control, and self-denial, to order oneself or a community in relation to the divine. Both its practices and the cultural ideals they expressed were important to pagans, Jews, Christians of different kinds, and Manichees. Richard Finn presents for the first time a combined study of the major ascetic traditions, which have been previously misunderstood by being studied separately. He examines how people abstained from food, drink, sexual relations, sleep, and wealth; what they meant by their behaviour; and how they influenced others in the Graeco-Roman world. Against this background, the book charts the rise of monasticism in Egypt, Asia Minor, Syria, and North Africa, assessing the crucial role played by the third-century exegete, Origen, and asks why monasticism developed so variously in different regions. |
| cynic epistles: The SBL Handbook of Style Society of Biblical Literature, 2014-11-20 The definitive source for how to write and publish in the field of biblical studies The long-awaited second edition of the essential style manual for writing and publishing in biblical studies and related fields includes key style changes, updated and expanded abbreviation and spelling-sample lists, a list of archaeological site names, material on qur’anic sources, detailed information on citing electronic sources, and expanded guidelines for the transliteration and transcription of seventeen ancient languages. Features: Expanded lists of abbreviations for use in ancient Near Eastern, biblical, and early Christian studies Information for transliterating seventeen ancient languages Exhaustive examples for citing print and electronic sources |
CYNIC Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of CYNIC is a faultfinding captious critic; especially : one who believes that human conduct is motivated wholly by self-interest. How to use cynic in a sentence. Did you …
Cynicism (philosophy) - Wikipedia
Cynicism (Ancient Greek: κυνισμός) is a school of thought in ancient Greek philosophy, originating in the Classical period and extending into the Hellenistic and Roman Imperial …
CYNIC | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
CYNIC definition: 1. a person who believes that people are only interested in themselves and are not sincere: 2. …
CYNIC Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Cynic definition: a person who believes that only selfishness motivates human actions and who disbelieves in or minimizes selfless acts or disinterested points of view.. See examples of …
Cynic - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
A cynic is someone who believes that humans are selfish and that they only do something if it will benefit themselves. Cynics criticize acts of kindness and will probably tease you …
