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| computer law: Law for Computer Scientists and Other Folk Mireille Hildebrandt, 2020-04-22 This is the first textbook introducing law to computer scientists. The book covers privacy and data protection law, cybercrime, intellectual property, private law liability and legal personhood and legal agency, next to introductions to private law, public law, criminal law and international and supranational law. It provides an overview of the practical implications of law, their theoretical underpinnings and how they affect the study and construction of computational architectures. In a constitutional democracy everyone is under the Rule of Law, including those who develop code and systems, and those who put applications on the market. It is pivotal that computer scientists and developers get to know what law and the Rule of Law require. Before talking about ethics, we need to make sure that the checks and balances of law and the Rule of Law are in place and complied with. Though it is focused on European law, it also refers to US law and aims to provide insights into what makes law, law, rather than brute force or morality, demonstrating the operations of law in a way that has global relevance. This book is geared to those who have no wish to become lawyers but are nevertheless forced to consider the salience of legal rights and obligations with regard to the construction, maintenance and protection of computational artefacts. This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. |
| computer law: Human Law and Computer Law: Comparative Perspectives Mireille Hildebrandt, Jeanne Gaakeer, 2013-05-23 The focus of this book is on the epistemological and hermeneutic implications of data science and artificial intelligence for democracy and the Rule of Law. How do the normative effects of automated decision systems or the interventions of robotic fellow ‘beings’ compare to the legal effect of written and unwritten law? To investigate these questions the book brings together two disciplinary perspectives rarely combined within the framework of one volume. One starts from the perspective of ‘code and law’ and the other develops from the domain of ‘law and literature’. Integrating original analyses of relevant novels or films, the authors discuss how computational technologies challenge traditional forms of legal thought and affect the regulation of human behavior. Thus, pertinent questions are raised about the theoretical assumptions underlying both scientific and legal practice. |
| computer law: Computer Crime Law Orin S. Kerr, 2009 The second edition of Kerrs popular computer crimes text reflects the many new caselaw and statutory developments since the publication of the first edition in 2006. It also adds a new section on encryption that covers both Fourth Amendment and Fifth Amendment issues raised by its use to conceal criminal activity. Computer crime law will be an essential area for tomorrow's criminal law practitioners, and this book offers an engaging and user-friendly introduction to the field. It is part traditional casebook, part treatise: It both straightforwardly explains the law and presents many exciting and new questions of law that courts are only now beginning to consider. The book reflects the author's practice experience, as well: Orin Kerr was a computer crime prosecutor at the Justice Department for three years, and the book combines theoretical insights with practical tips for working with actual cases. No advanced knowledge of computers and the Internet is required or assumed This book covers every aspect of crime in the digital age. Topics range from Internet surveillance law and the Fourth Amendment to computer hacking laws and international computer crimes. More and more crimes involve digital evidence, and computer crime law will be an essential area for tomorrow's criminal law practitioners. Many U.S. Attorney's Offices have started computer crime units, as have many state Attorney General offices, and any student with a background in this emerging area of law will have a leg up on the competition. This is the first law school book dedicated entirely to computer crime law. The materials are authored entirely by Orin Kerr, a new star in the area of criminal law and Internet law who has recently published articles in the Harvard Law Review, Columbia Law Review, NYU Law Review, and Michigan Law Review. The book is filled with ideas for future scholarship, including hundreds of important questions that have never been addressed in the scholarly literature. The book reflects the author's practice experience, as well: Kerr was a computer crime prosecutor at the Justice Department for three years, and the book combines theoretical insights with practical tips for working with actual cases. Students will find it easy and fun to read, and professors will find it an angaging introduction to a new world of scholarly ideas. The book is ideally suited either for a 2-credit seminar or a 3-credit course, and should appeal both to criminal law professors and those interested in cyberlaw or law and technology. No advanced knowledge of computers and the Internet is required or assumed. |
| computer law: Computer Law Chris Reed, 1990 Early treatment of computer law was no more than the application of existing principles to novel sets of facts. Today, it has been recognized generally that computing technology does indeed give rise to unique legal problems which are not resolvable by applying existing legal principles. This is particularly apparent where transactions are carried out through the exchange of digital information rather than human interaction. The developing law which seeks to resolve these problems is at the heart of the latest edition of this book, now established as a standard text on computer law for students, practitioners, and business in general for whom information technology is an integral part of their daily activities.--BOOK JACKET. |
| computer law: Computer Law Richard Raysman, Peter Brown, 2024-09-28 Computer Law covers topics as: hardware acquisition, financing/maintenance, software licensing, development/maintenance, antitrust law, copyright, patent/trade secret protection of software, and more. |
| computer law: Computer Law & Practice , 1984 |
| computer law: Introduction to Computer Law David I. Bainbridge, 2004 A text on computer law for non-specialist students studying the subject as part of a business information technology, computing or engineering course. |
| computer law: Computer Misuse Stefan Fafinski, 2013-05-13 This book is concerned with the nature of computer misuse and the legal and extra-legal responses to it. It explores what is meant by the term 'computer misuse' and charts its emergence as a problem as well as its expansion in parallel with the continued progression in computing power, networking, reach and accessibility. In doing so, it surveys the attempts of the domestic criminal law to deal with some early manifestations of computer misuse and the consequent legislative passage of the Computer Misuse Act 1990. This book will be of interest to students of IT law as well as to sociologists and criminologists, and those who have a professional concern with preventing computer misuse and fraud. |
| computer law: Law, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence Ajit Narayanan, Mervyn Bennun, 1998 This text examines the interaction between the disciplines of law, computer science and artificial intelligence. The chapters are grouped into theory, implications and applications sections, in an attempt to identify separate, but interrelated methodological stances |
| computer law: Algorithmic Governance and Governance of Algorithms Martin Ebers, Marta Cantero Gamito, 2020-10-08 Algorithms are now widely employed to make decisions that have increasingly far-reaching impacts on individuals and society as a whole (“algorithmic governance”), which could potentially lead to manipulation, biases, censorship, social discrimination, violations of privacy, property rights, and more. This has sparked a global debate on how to regulate AI and robotics (“governance of algorithms”). This book discusses both of these key aspects: the impact of algorithms, and the possibilities for future regulation. |
| computer law: Computer Games and Virtual Worlds Ross A. Dannenberg, 2010 This book explores and discusses how to obtain traditional intellectual property law rights in the non-traditional settings of video game and virtual world environments, and serves as a primer for researching these emerging legal issues. Each chapter addresses: end user license agreements; copyrights, patents, trademarks; and trade secrets, as addressed by U.S. law. It also covers international legal issues stemming from the multi-national user-base and foreign operation of many virtual worlds. |
| computer law: Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare Michael N. Schmitt, 2013-03-07 The product of a three-year project by twenty renowned international law scholars and practitioners, the Tallinn Manual identifies the international law applicable to cyber warfare and sets out ninety-five 'black-letter rules' governing such conflicts. It addresses topics including sovereignty, State responsibility, the jus ad bellum, international humanitarian law, and the law of neutrality. An extensive commentary accompanies each rule, which sets forth the rule's basis in treaty and customary law, explains how the group of experts interpreted applicable norms in the cyber context, and outlines any disagreements within the group as to each rule's application. |
| computer law: Computer law in the millenium perspective Xavier Linant de Bellefonds, Collectif,, 2001 |
| computer law: Who Controls the Internet? Jack Goldsmith, Tim Wu, 2006-03-17 In this provocative new book, the authors tell the fascinating story of the Internet's challenge to governmental rule in the 1990s, and of the fate of one idea--that the Internet might liberate users forever from government, borders, and even their physical selves. |
| computer law: Digital Copyright Jessica Litman, 2017 I completed the original manuscript of Digital Copyright in 2000, two years after Congress enacted the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. The 1976 Copyright Act was itself 24 years old, and beginning to show its age. The Internet, in contrast, was still new and shiny and scary, especially for legacy entertainment and information businesses and the copyright lawyers who represented them.Seventeen years later, the Internet has become an essential feature of all of our lives and the copyright laws designed to tame it seem elderly and barnacle-encrusted. Remarkably, the legislative process that has made sensible copyright law reform all but impossible has stayed largely unchanged. Congress and the Copyright Office have recently launched what is billed as a comprehensive reexamination of copyright law with the goal of overhauling the law for the 21st century. It seems likely that these efforts will hew to the patterns of earlier copyright revision. Perhaps we stick with the tried and true approach to making copyright laws, even though it results in bad laws, because the process works so well for so many of the participants. Members of Congress can rely on affected industries to come up with broadly acceptable compromises, and to take on much of the burden of pressuring other interested groups to swallow them. Meanwhile, Senators and Representatives can continue to collect generous campaign contributions. The Copyright Office can be the center of attention as it plays a crucial role in managing the multilateral negotiations and interpreting their results to Congress. Copyright lobbyists and trade organizations can collect hefty fees from their members, in return for supplying them with laws that will give them competitive advantages against the next new thing, whatever it is. Because the laws that emerge from this process don't work very well, meanwhile, everyone can look forward to another round.Although the book is ancient in Internet time, people seem to have continued to read it. Now that it has finally gone out of print, I'm delighted to be able to make it more freely available under a Creative Commons license. In addition to the Afterword that I wrote for the 2006 paperback edition, I have included a postscript looking back briefly on what, if anything, we might have learned from the aftermath of the stories told in this book.Postscript is available at: 'https://ssrn.com/abstract=2968546' https://ssrn.com/abstract=2968546. |
| computer law: Law and Policy for the Quantum Age Chris Jay Hoofnagle, Simson L. Garfinkel, 2021-10-31 It is often said that quantum technologies are poised to change the world as we know it, but cutting through the hype, what will quantum technologies actually mean for countries and their citizens? In Law and Policy for the Quantum Age, Chris Jay Hoofnagle and Simson L. Garfinkel explain the genesis of quantum information science (QIS) and the resulting quantum technologies that are most exciting: quantum sensing, computing, and communication. This groundbreaking, timely text explains how quantum technologies work, how countries will likely employ QIS for future national defense and what the legal landscapes will be for these nations, and how companies might (or might not) profit from the technology. Hoofnagle and Garfinkel argue that the consequences of CIS are so profound that we must begin planning for them today. |
| computer law: Code Director Edmond J Safra Center for Ethics and Roy L Furman Professorship of Law Lawrence Lessig, Lawrence Lessig, 2016-08-31 There's a common belief that cyberspace cannot be regulated-that it is, in its very essence, immune from the government's (or anyone else's) control.Code argues that this belief is wrong. It is not in the nature of cyberspace to be unregulable; cyberspace has no nature. It only has code-the software and hardware that make cyberspace what it is. That code can create a place of freedom-as the original architecture of the Net did-or a place of exquisitely oppressive control.If we miss this point, then we will miss how cyberspace is changing. Under the influence of commerce, cyberpsace is becoming a highly regulable space, where our behavior is much more tightly controlled than in real space.But that's not inevitable either. We can-we must-choose what kind of cyberspace we want and what freedoms we will guarantee. These choices are all about architecture: about what kind of code will govern cyberspace, and who will control it. In this realm, code is the most significant form of law, and it is up to lawyers, policymakers, and especially citizens to decide what values that code embodies. |
| computer law: Tallinn Manual 2.0 on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Operations Michael N. Schmitt, 2017-02-02 The new edition of the highly influential Tallinn Manual, which outlines public international law as it applies to cyber operations. |
| computer law: ICT Law Book Adam J. Mambi, 2010 This volume collects notable writings of Barnabas A. Samatta, Chief Justice of Tanzania from 2000 to his retirement in 2007, together with writings by others that document his career and show the judgment of his peers about his work on the Court of Appeal of Tanzania. The writings include Samatta's thoughts on Tanzania's constitutional order and the importance of the rule of law, as well as a number of key rulings and judgments. Annotation ©2011 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com). |
| computer law: Computer Software Agreements Clarence H. Ridley, Peter C. Quittmeyer, John Matuszeski, 1987 |
| computer law: Digital Media Law Ashley Packard, 2012-06-25 Covering the latest legal updates and rulings, the second edition of Digital Media Law presents a comprehensive introduction to all the critical issues surrounding media law. Provides a solid foundation in media law Illustrates how digitization and globalization are constantly shifting the legal landscape Utilizes current and relevant examples to illustrate key concepts Revised section on legal research covers how and where to find the law Updated with new rulings relating to corporate political speech, student speech, indecency and Net neutrality, restrictions on libel tourism, cases filed against U.S. information providers, WikiLeaks and shield laws, file sharing, privacy issues, sexting, cyber-stalking, and many others |
| computer law: Computer Law for Computer Professionals Thomas R. Mylott, 1984 |
| computer law: Computer Law , 1979 |
| computer law: Scott on Information Technology Law Scott, 2007-01-01 For answers to questions relating to computers, the Internet and other digital technologies - and how to make them work for your clients - turn to this comprehensive, practical resource. Whether you're an experienced IT lawyer, a transactional or intellectual property attorney, an industry executive, or a general practitioner whose clients are coming to you with new issues, you'll find practical, expert guidance on identifying and protecting intellectual property rights, drafting effective contracts, understanding applicable regulations, and avoiding civil and criminal liability. Written by Michael D. Scott, who practiced technology and business law for 29 years in Los Angeles and Silicon Valley, Scott on Information Technology Law, Third Edition offers a real-world perspective on how to structure transactions involving computer products and services such as software development, marketing, and licensing. He also covers the many substantive areas that affect technology law practice, including torts, constitutional issues, and the full range of intellectual property protections. You'll find coverage of the latest issues like these: computer and cybercrime, including spyware, phishing, denial of service attacks, and more traditional computer crimes the latest judicial thinking on software and business method patents open source licensing outsourcing of IT services and the legal and practical issues involved in making it work and more To help you quickly identify issues, the book also includes practice pointers and clause-by-clause analysis of the most common and often troublesome provisions of IT contracts. |
| computer law: Internet Law James Grimmelmann, 2024 |
| computer law: Law on the Electronic Frontier Hector MacQueen, 2019-08-05 This is an issue of our quarterly journal Hume Papers on Public Policy - the journal of the David Hume Institute. |
| computer law: Lex Sportiva: What is Sports Law? Robert C.R. Siekmann, Janwillem Soek, 2012-01-19 The important theme “What is Sports Law?” was the topic of the international Conference on “The Concept of Lex Sportiva Revisited”, which took place in Jakarta in late 2010. Academics and practitioners are still in debate to agree on this concept as is evident in this book. This book not only contains the worked out contributions of this Conference, but also other related chapters on the subject. It produces a reassessment of the content of Sports Law and its terminology keeping a close eye on the current literature. The book appears in the ASSER International Sports Law Series, under the editorship of Prof. Dr. Robert Siekmann, Dr. Janwillem Soek and Marco van der Harst LL.M. |
| computer law: Privacy in Context Helen Nissenbaum, 2009-11-24 Privacy is one of the most urgent issues associated with information technology and digital media. This book claims that what people really care about when they complain and protest that privacy has been violated is not the act of sharing information itself—most people understand that this is crucial to social life —but the inappropriate, improper sharing of information. Arguing that privacy concerns should not be limited solely to concern about control over personal information, Helen Nissenbaum counters that information ought to be distributed and protected according to norms governing distinct social contexts—whether it be workplace, health care, schools, or among family and friends. She warns that basic distinctions between public and private, informing many current privacy policies, in fact obscure more than they clarify. In truth, contemporary information systems should alarm us only when they function without regard for social norms and values, and thereby weaken the fabric of social life. |
| computer law: The Computer Law Annual , 1985 |
| computer law: The Genie in the Machine Robert Plotkin, 2009 The Genie in the Machine examines how computers are being used to automate the process of inventing, and explains the steps that high-tech companies, patent lawyers, inventors, and consumers should take to thrive in the upcoming Artificial Invention Age. |
| computer law: New Technologies and the Law in War and Peace William H. Boothby, 2019 Explains how existing and proposed law seek to tackle challenges posed by new and emerging technologies in war and peace. |
| computer law: Ethical Computing Wanbil Lee, 2024-05-09 Ethical Computing is a means to an end as well as an end to itself; a problem, and a solution to a problem. It is the application of computer ethics in striving for doing-the-right-thing effectively in cyberspace or an information-intensive and technology-driven environment. The book addresses the realities of using computers while measuring up to the hexa-dimension metric (technically effective, financially viable, legally valid, ethically and socially acceptable and ecologically sustainable) manifested in applications from problem to ethical solution. This book collects work and research in practise and teaching across decades, covering a multitude of fields including information technology and engineering, computer audit & data governance, law practice and enforcement, and public and business administration. This is useful reference for researchers, teachers and students in all fields of information technology. It will also be useful for Chief Information Officers and Chief Technology Officers (CIOs and CTOs) and information systems auditors, and specialist IT law practitioners. |
| computer law: International Trade Law Indira Carr, Peter Stone, 2013-11-26 International Trade Law offers comprehensive analysis of international sale transactions through case law, policy documents, legislation, international conventions and rules adopted by international organisations such as the ICC.-- |
| computer law: "Computer Law ; a Comprehensive Update" Computer Law Association, 1979 |
| computer law: Federal Computer Systems Protection Act United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Criminal Laws and Procedures, 1979 |
| computer law: Computer Law Reporter , 1982 |
| computer law: Information Technology & The Law Chriswards, 1990-11-26 |
| computer law: Comparative Law Yearbook of International Business 2001 Dennis Campbell, Susan Meek, 2001-11-21 The twenty-third volume of the Comparative Law Yearbook of International Business contains chapters relating to agency and distribution, finance and investment, intellectual property, sports law, technology, and general commercial issues. The spread of jurisdictions treated includes Argentina, Canada, the Dominican Republic, Egypt, Italy, Panama, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, the United States, and Venezuela. The range of subjects and jurisdictions in volume twenty-three attests to the diversity and scope of international business practice. General Editor, Dennis Campbell, Director of the Center for International Legal Studies in Salzburg, Austria, is assisted by a distinguished Board of Advisors drawn from leading academics and practitioners in Europe, North and South America, and the Far East. |
| computer law: Fundamentals of Cyber Space and Emerging Jurisprudence Mr. Rohit Manglik, 2024-03-12 EduGorilla Publication is a trusted name in the education sector, committed to empowering learners with high-quality study materials and resources. Specializing in competitive exams and academic support, EduGorilla provides comprehensive and well-structured content tailored to meet the needs of students across various streams and levels. |
| computer law: Computers, Privacy and Data Protection: an Element of Choice Serge Gutwirth, Yves Poullet, Paul De Hert, Ronald Leenes, 2011-02-26 This timely interdisciplinary work on current developments in ICT and privacy/data protection, coincides as it does with the rethinking of the Data Protection Directive, the contentious debates on data sharing with the USA (SWIFT, PNR) and the judicial and political resistance against data retention. The authors of the contributions focus on particular and pertinent issues from the perspective of their different disciplines which range from the legal through sociology, surveillance studies and technology assessment, to computer sciences. Such issues include cutting-edge developments in the field of cloud computing, ambient intelligence and PETs; data retention, PNR-agreements, property in personal data and the right to personal identity; electronic road tolling, HIV-related information, criminal records and teenager's online conduct, to name but a few. |
Computer | Definition, History, Operating Systems, & Facts
A computer is a programmable device for processing, storing, and displaying information. Learn more in this article about modern digital electronic computers and their design, constituent …
Computer - History, Technology, Innovation | Britannica
Computer - History, Technology, Innovation: A computer might be described with deceptive simplicity as “an apparatus that performs routine calculations automatically.” Such a definition …
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Apr 14, 2025 · Computer - Technology, Invention, History: By the second decade of the 19th century, a number of ideas necessary for the invention of the computer were in the air. First, …
computer - Kids | Britannica Kids | Homework Help
A computer is a device for working with information. The information can be numbers, words, pictures, movies, or sounds. Computer information is also called data.
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May 29, 2025 · Computer science is the study of computers and computing, including their theoretical and algorithmic foundations, hardware and software, and their uses for processing …
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May 13, 2025 · Computer programming language, any of various languages for expressing a set of detailed instructions for a computer. The earliest programming languages were assembly …
Computer | Definition, History, Operating Systems, & Facts
A computer is a programmable device for processing, storing, and displaying information. Learn more in this article about modern digital electronic computers and their design, constituent …
Computer - History, Technology, Innovation | Britannica
Computer - History, Technology, Innovation: A computer might be described with deceptive simplicity as “an apparatus that performs routine calculations automatically.” Such a definition …
Computer - Technology, Invention, History | Britannica
Apr 14, 2025 · Computer - Technology, Invention, History: By the second decade of the 19th century, a number of ideas necessary for the invention of the computer were in the air. First, …
computer - Kids | Britannica Kids | Homework Help
A computer is a device for working with information. The information can be numbers, words, pictures, movies, or sounds. Computer information is also called data.
Personal computer (PC) | Definition, History, & Facts | Britannica
6 days ago · Personal computer, a digital computer designed for use by only one person at a time. A typical personal computer assemblage consists of a central processing unit, which contains …
Computer science | Definition, Types, & Facts | Britannica
May 29, 2025 · Computer science is the study of computers and computing, including their theoretical and algorithmic foundations, hardware and software, and their uses for processing …
Computer - Memory, Storage, Processing | Britannica
Computer - Memory, Storage, Processing: The earliest forms of computer main memory were mercury delay lines, which were tubes of mercury that stored data as ultrasonic waves, and …
Digital computer | Evolution, Components, & Features | Britannica
digital computer, any of a class of devices capable of solving problems by processing information in discrete form. It operates on data, including magnitudes, letters, and symbols, that are …
Computer - Supercomputing, Processing, Speed | Britannica
Apr 14, 2025 · Computer - Supercomputing, Processing, Speed: The most powerful computers of the day have typically been called supercomputers. They have historically been very expensive …
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