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| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: McDougal Littell World Cultures & Geography , 2002-02-11 |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Current Issues in Shipping, Ports and Logistics Theo Notteboom, 2011 Bringing together an international network of leading scholars, this multidisciplinary book unravels some of the most pressing challenges to shipping, ports, and logistics. Divided into five parts--shipping, the analysis of flows and networks, terminal operations and performance, logistics, and port development and governance--this record is an essential read for practitioners in the maritime and logistics world, postgraduate students, policy makers, and professional organizations. As market players expand and improve their services in line with increased requirements on rates, reliability, environmental footprint, and safety and security, this compendium encourages further systematic thinking. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Comparative Health Systems Johnson, Carleen Stoskopf, Leiyu Shi, 2017-03-02 The Second Edition of Comparative Health Systems: A Global Perspective offers new perspectives in health administration, public health, and public policy that address evidence-based approaches to health system improvement; systems thinking at the policy level; integrated information management; macro and micro innovation, and systems sustainability. Part I offers introduces foundational concepts including health and disease; and policy and economics. Two new chapters explore innovation and sustainability; and the role and contributions of non-governmental organizations. In Part II, the health systems of 19 countries are each examined in their own chapter, that carefully explores the country’s geography and culture, the history of its health system, followed by a detailed evaluation of cost, quality, access and innovation. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa Richard Primack, Johnny W. Wilson, 2019-09-10 Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa comprehensively explores the challenges and potential solutions to key conservation issues in Sub-Saharan Africa. Easy to read, this lucid and accessible textbook includes fifteen chapters that cover a full range of conservation topics, including threats to biodiversity, environmental laws, and protected areas management, as well as related topics such as sustainability, poverty, and human-wildlife conflict. This rich resource also includes a background discussion of what conservation biology is, a wide range of theoretical approaches to the subject, and concrete examples of conservation practice in specific African contexts. Strategies are outlined to protect biodiversity whilst promoting economic development in the region. Boxes covering specific themes written by scientists who live and work throughout the region are included in each chapter, together with recommended readings and suggested discussion topics. Each chapter also includes an extensive bibliography. Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa provides the most up-to-date study in the field. It is an essential resource, available on-line without charge, for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as a handy guide for professionals working to stop the rapid loss of biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Pascal James Imperato, 2012-12-06 When Pascal James Imperato, MD, assumed the edi • Exclusion by the New York State Departm~nt of Health of qualified laboratories from HIV testmg torship of the New York State Journal of Medicine in 198~, the acquired immunodeficiency syndro. me (AIDS) epI • Protection of health care workers • Responsibilities of physicians and other health care demic in the United States was already SIX years old. Dur ing the time of his editorship, two thematic issues of the workers Journal have been devoted to AIDS. In addition, a large • Public education number of original communications have been regularly • AIDS confidentiality published on the subje~t. This volume ?rings together The Symposium on AIDS in Washington, DC, had important articles published on AIDS m the Journal been so successful that the MSSNY, under the auspices of during 1987 and 1988. . . the task force and the Division of Governmental Affairs, In the early years of the epidemic the Medical Society of held two informational symposia for state senators and the State of New York (MSSNY) was aware that it had a assemblymen and their staffs in Albany, New York. Thes. e responsibility to both the professi?~ an~ the public to add were presented in February 1988 and. March. 1989. ,!,hIS its efforts to those already mobIlized m the attempt to effort has convinced the MSSNY that It has given legisla understand and control this tragic disease. Early on, the tors a better understanding of the overall AIDS problem. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: The Untold Stories of African Agriculture Tsedeke Abate, 2024-07-24 This landmark volume presents the results of a comprehensive and coherent in-depth assessment of Ethiopian agriculture and draws lessons from it to generate actionable recommendations that will inform policy decisions and priority setting for agricultural transformation across Africa. Policy makers in Africa are faced with the challenges of ensuring food and nutrition security and the economic wellbeing of their rapidly growing populations while at the same time maintaining the integrity of their natural resource base. Between 2000 and 2021, 74% of the growth in overall crop production on the continent was derived from increases in land area expansion, while increases in yield contributed only 26% of the growth. This unchecked expansion of land use puts the sustainability of the natural resource base under severe pressure. This book draws on a unique set of case studies from Ethiopia described and told from a truly African perspective. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Public Health and Society: Current Issues Lillian D. Burke, Barbara Weill, 2023-03-20 Public Health and Society: Current Issues analyzes current public health issues in a historical context, while relating them to individual lives. The text emphasizes the social determinants of health, social justice, and the climate crisis, by leading off with these important topics and then integrates them where appropriate throughout the text. Subsequent chapters explore gun violence, the opioid epidemic, tobacco, vaping, and alcohol use, COVID-19, mental health, environmental health chronic disease, emerging and reemerging diseases, and more. Key features “In the News” articles bring public health topics up-to-date and underscore their modern relevance. Personal vignettes humanize public health issues and make them resonate for readers. Short histories put current issues into historical context, for example, the opioid epidemic (Ch. 5) and alcohol and tobacco use (Ch.6) Comprehensive and up-to-date data and references are included throughout the text. Navigate eBook acc |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Realizing Africa's Rice Promise Marco C S Wopereis, David E Johnson, Nourollah Ahmadi, Eric Tollens, Abdulai Jalloh, 2013-10-16 At a time when Africa's food security stands threatened, Realizing Africa's Rice Promise provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art research and recommendations for dealing with future challenges. With contributions from the key scientists working on rice in Africa, this volume addresses policy, genetic diversity and improvement, sustainable productivity enhancement, innovations and value chains. The book is useful for researchers, policy makers, agricultural ministries, donors, regional and sub-regional organizations, non-governmental development organizations and universities. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Urban Infrastructure in Zimbabwe Innocent Chirisa, Abraham R. Matamanda, 2023-11-29 The book provides insights into urban infrastructure debates and discourses in Zimbabwe. Through an inter-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary approach, the book explores the theoretical, conceptual and lived experiences in urban infrastructure. The book focuses on case studies relating to urban transport, public housing, water and sanitation and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) among other substantive issues relating to urban infrastructure and services. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Transport and Mobility Futures in Urban Africa Ransford A. Acheampong, Karen Lucas, Michael Poku-Boansi, Chinebuli Uzondu, 2022-11-02 This book provides a collection of insightful conceptual and empirical works that situate transport and mobility challenges in the unique context of individual countries and cities while highlighting commonalities across the African continent. Written from an interdisciplinary perspective, the book covers important themes in transport and mobility including the links between urbanization, urban structure, and accessibility; transport equity and poverty, non-motorized transport, public transport, and the challenges and opportunities of new and emerging transport technologies, and ICT-mediated mobility solutions. Each chapter engages with the normative imperatives that are critical to improving the transport and mobility situations of African urban areas now and in the future. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Current Issues in Global Health David Claborn, 2018-11-21 Current Issues in Global Health provides a forum for a broad discussion of health issues, from systemic violence to infectious disease in places as far apart as Kashmir and South America. The authors come from a variety of environments including military and academic positions. Despite the diversity of subject matter and authors, the consistent theme of the book always focuses on the provision of an environment in which members of a community can achieve or maintain good public health. The subjects addressed here are those that cross international borders and affect lives around the world, thus truly qualifying as issues of global health importance. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Current Issues 2007 , 2006-08-31 |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Technology, Sustainability, and Rural Development in Africa Blessing M. Maumbe, Julius Okello, 2013-03-31 This book provides research, analytical methods, techniques, and development policies in ICT adoption and diffusion in Africa and around the globe, highlighting the major trends in ICT applications and rural development--Provided by publisher. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: EBOOK: Economics: A Southern African Context, 3e J. van Rensburg, Campbell McConnell, Stanley Brue, Sean Flynn, 2021-04-22 Economics studies how people, businesses and governments use resources. What shapes our decisions? How do we allocate goods and services? What does a rational choice look like? In this third edition of Economics: A Southern African Context, the authors expertly guide us through the key principles of economics, providing a solid foundation in the subject. The text combines relevant Southern African examples with a clear and accessible narrative. By encouraging critical engagement with economic theories, it provides a basis for examining today’s economic, social, and political issues. Key Features: •A new structure to refocus the book and align with teaching •Additional online chapters, including the Economics of Pandemics, available in Connect® •Fully updated pedagogy, including Interactive Graphs, Last Word, and Quick Quiz boxes •Discussions on new developments in economics, such as the consequences of COVID-19 and the impact of BRICS membership on trade in South Africa •Revised end-of-chapter content to test comprehension, including Review Questions, Discussion Questions and Problems, available in Connect® Economics: A Southern African Context is available with McGraw Hill’s Connect®, the online learning platform which features resources to help faculty and institutions improve student outcomes and course delivery efficiency. Jan J. Janse van Rensburg is a lecturer at the University of Pretoria. His main area of interest is in teaching and course development with a focus on Principles of Economics. He also specializes in Health Economics, concentrating on the economic effects and costs of substance abuse. Campbell R. McConnell was a professor at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, where he taught from 1953 until his retirement in 1990. Stanley L. Brue is a professor at Pacific Lutheran University, where he has been honoured as a recipient of the Burlington Northern Faculty Achievement Award. Sean M. Flynn is an associate professor of economics at Scripps College in Claremont, California. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Africa's Development in the Twenty-first Century Kwadwo Konadu-Agyemang, Martin Kwamina Panford, 2006 Having been under colonial rule for the first half of the century, by 1965 all but a handful of African countries had regained their independence and were poised to take off into an era of development. However, Africa now suffers from the most acute form of underdevelopment anywhere in the world. Bringing together a broad selection of case studies covering a wide range of key issues, this volume provides a multidisciplinary exploration of Africa's development opportunities and challenges into the twenty-first century. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Current Issues in Second/Foreign Language Teaching and Teacher Development Thomai Alexiou, Christina Gitsaki, 2016-01-14 Current Issues in Second/Foreign Language Teaching and Teacher Development: Research and Practice represents a collection of selected papers from the 17th World Congress of the International Association of Applied Linguistics (AILA), which was held in August 2014 in Brisbane, Australia. The volume comprises 18 chapters presenting current research projects and discussing issues related to second language acquisition, teaching and teacher education in a variety of contexts from around the world. This collection of research papers will be of use to both new and seasoned researchers in the field of applied linguistics. Teacher educators, language teachers and language policy makers will find this volume equally useful as the papers address current issues in language education. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Pandemic Communication and Resilience David M. Berube, 2021-08-07 This book examines how we design and deliver health communication messages relating to outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. We have experienced major changes to how the public receives and searches for information about health crises over the last twelve decades with the ongoing shift from text/broadcast-based to digital messaging and social media. Both health theories and practices are examined as it applies to testing, tracking, hoarding, therapeutics, and vaccines with case studies. Challenges to communicate about health to diverse audiences (including the science illiterate) and across (both Western and developing economies) have been complicated by politics, norms and mores, personal heuristics, and biases, such as mortality salience, news avoidance, and quarantine fatigue. Issues of economic development and land use, trade and transportation, and even climate change have increased the exposure of human populations to infectious diseases making risk and resilience more pressing. The book has been designed to support health communicators and public health management professionals, students, and interested stakeholders and university libraries. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Teaching Africa Brandon D. Lundy, Solomon Negash, 2013-05-15 “A valuable resource [with] useful ideas about how to . . . enhance student engagement with the continent, and expand Africa’s presence within the curriculum.” —Stephen Volz, Kenyon College Teaching Africa introduces innovative strategies for teaching about Africa. The contributors address misperceptions about Africa and Africans, incorporate the latest technologies of teaching and learning, and give practical advice for creating successful lesson plans, classroom activities, and study abroad programs. Teachers in the humanities, sciences, and social sciences will find helpful hints and tips on how to bridge the knowledge gap and motivate understanding of Africa in a globalizing world. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: The Wiley Handbook of Learning Technology Nick Rushby, Dan Surry, 2016-04-25 The Wiley Handbook of Learning Technology is an authoritative and up-to-date survey of the fast-growing field of learning technology, from its foundational theories and practices to its challenges, trends, and future developments. Offers an examination of learning technology that is equal parts theoretical and practical, covering both the technology of learning and the use of technology in learning Individual chapters tackle timely and controversial subjects, such as gaming and simulation, security, lifelong learning, distance education, learning across educational settings, and the research agenda Designed to serve as a point of entry for learning technology novices, a comprehensive reference for scholars and researchers, and a practical guide for education and training practitioners Includes 29 original and comprehensively referenced essays written by leading experts in instructional and educational technology from around the world |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: The Routledge Companion to Business in Africa Sonny Nwankwo, Kevin Ibeh, 2014-07-25 Although the world's poorest inhabited continent, Africa has recently shown signs of being a source of economic growth in the coming decades, with increased foreign investment - notably from China - and huge growth in GDP from a number of African states. In contrast to the heaving weight of books focusing on business opportunities in Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America, Africa has been poorly served by academic publishing. This compendium of scholarship offers cutting-edge knowledge relating to business in Africa. The objectives of this collection include: To shed new light on the socio-cultural and historical underpinnings of business practice in Africa and their implications for promoting entrepreneurship and business behaviour in the region To consider the important constraints on business activities in Africa, and the emerging 'best practice' for redressing their real and potential impacts To facilitate a better understanding of contemporary business practice in Africa through the application of relevant theories and models, including emergent ones. The Routledge Companion to Business in Africa is a comprehensive reference resource that provides the perfect platform for embarking on research and study into Africa from the business perspective. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Perspectives on Thought Leadership for Africaís Renewal Kondlo, Kwandiwe, 2014-05-05 This book outlines perspectives of emerging and established African scholars on what one could describe as the debate on leadership and the articulation of the life of the mind in Africa's socio-economic, political and cultural life from the time of independence to date. The papers contained in the book cover the following thematic areas: Alternative Leadership Paradigm for Africa's Advancement; African Perspectives on Globalisation and international relations; Pan-Africanism and the African Renaissance; Scientific, Technological and Cultural Dimensions of African Development. The first section deals with alternative leadership paradigms for Africa's advancement. It also debates the 'thin line' separating management studies from leadership studies and untangles the hermeneutic complexities in the term 'leadership'. Section two examines among other things, the crucial challenge of globalisation and public ethics and others African perspectives. The section also interrogates the current complexities and credibility deficits in the global governance of trade and towards the end engages philosophical questions about conscience and consciousness in African development and progress. The debates in section three continue to section four and focus on the overall issues of language and liberation, the significance of Multi-, Inter and Trans-Disciplinary Approaches in the analysis of the African continent, appropriate indigenous paradigms for promoting the African renaissance as well as a series of debates on the meaning and prospects of regional integration in Africa's renewal. This provides just a snapshot of a very wide ranging and interesting debate contained in the publication. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: The Palgrave Handbook of African Colonial and Postcolonial History Martin S. Shanguhyia, Toyin Falola, 2018-01-28 This wide-ranging volume presents the most complete appraisal of modern African history to date. It assembles dozens of new and established scholars to tackle the questions and subjects that define the field, ranging from the economy, the two world wars, nationalism, decolonization, and postcolonial politics to religion, development, sexuality, and the African youth experience. Contributors are drawn from numerous fields in African studies, including art, music, literature, education, and anthropology. The themes they cover illustrate the depth of modern African history and the diversity and originality of lenses available for examining it. Older themes in the field have been treated to an engaging re-assessment, while new and emerging themes are situated as the book’s core strength. The result is a comprehensive, vital picture of where the field of modern African history stands today. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Current Issues and Advances in the Dairy Industry , 2023-10-18 The dairy industry faces challenges that impact the quality, safety, nutrition, and consumer acceptability of dairy products. The most important dairy product is milk, which is one of the most nutritious of all foods and is widely consumed worldwide. As such, it is important to optimize processes and innovation to convert milk into value-added products to ensure consumer well-being and food security for the growing global population. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the science and technology of dairy processing. It includes eight chapters that discuss recent issues, technology updates, and unique topics in the field. Topics include starter cultures in fermentation, camel milk, milk-borne infectious disease, lactic acid bacteria, and much more. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Inter-African Development and Development Fund (Iadf) I. Isaac I. I. Isaac, I. I. Isaac, 2009-12 SYNOPSIS FOR INTER-AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT VOL 1Inter-African development is possible through an array of alternative strategies.CHAPTER 1 Addresses land use and management in AfricaIn Africa, land use has become one of the most seriously contested problems ever to bereckoned in the history of Africa. Land is both security and economic confidence for themany landless or marginalized persons in the world. African governments' concernsshould be obligatory in finding lasting solutions to resolve issues of land degradationresulting from human activities and land management. How then do we frame landissues? The issues that can be addressed are such as ecological foot prints and tragedy ofthe commons. Therefore, African countries need to harness reforestation programs inorder to subdue the ever-increasing risks posed by global warming and desertencroachment.CHAPTER 2 addresses the history of grabbing fertile lands. The history of land extortiondates back to Europe and continued in Africa through colonial era. Land grabbing has itseconomic implications: Access to land and violent conflicts in Africa have economic aswell as political implications. Thus, because of the economic and political implications,Land represents security and economic confidence. Therefore, reforms in land ownershipmust be implemented so that the landless may also have a share in land tenureship.CHAPTER 3 addresses democracy and economic development issues towardssustainability as well as identifying culprits of development retardation.CHAPTER 4 addresses IADF strategies for regional economic developmentCHAPTER 5 addresses development modalities. Modalities that need to be adopted byAfrican governments are such as: import substitution model strategies, export leadgrowth industrialization, emulation of Chile's example, Mexico's example, the adoptionof India's software industry style, Japan's Export Growth Model, importance of anIndustry's location, and other infrastructural development modalities.CHAPTER 6 addresses issues arising from economies that are driven without democracyand security.CHAPTER 7 addresses the importance of approaching sustainable development withsingle currencyCHAPTER 8 addresses the benefits of single currencyCHAPTER 9 addresses the importance of printing single currency within Africa.CHAPTER 10 lays emphasis upon how assets for banking system through IADF shouldbe implemented.CHAPTER 11 addresses how establishing free trade can impact economic growth inneighbouring countries. One of the modalities of approaching such trading policies is theHarmonization of consumer price indices.CHAPTER 12 addresses harmonization of continental trade indices with emphasis onTerms of trade, which is an index of the price of a country's exports in terms of itsimports. The terms of trade are said to improve if that index risesCHAPTER 13 addresses modalities for harmonizing trade indices. Trade harmonizationis an equal treatment among trading partners.CHAPTER 14 addresses how world trade affects poor nations' economy and how toavert from goods dumping.CHAPTER 15 addresses how trade imbalances defined by unfair trade.CHAPTER 16 addresses issues pertaining to trade-related intellectual property rights(TRIPS)CHAPTER 17 addresses Political issues with emphasis on Governance issues andGuidance.CHAPTER 18 addresses theories behind the Inter-African development fund (IADF)CHAPTER 19 addresses issues as to whether an all-African senate political system willhelp solve Africa's political instabilities?CHAPTER 20 lays emphasis on infrastructure development and how this will impacteconomic development.CHAPTER 21 addresses as to whether governments are part of the problems andsolutions?CHAPTER 22 addresses how disparate and desperate are African nations? How disparitycan be narrowed between the rich and the poor or whether other alternatives can beapplied?CHAPTER 23 makes analysis on how adopting Ricardo's comparative advantage mayimpact manufacturing and then how it may lead to sustainable economic development ofthe regions.CHAPTER 24 addresses post colonial issues and Africa in post - colonial eraCHAPTER 25 addresses natural resources, as conflicting resourcesCHAPTER 26 addresses what are the factors and ambivalence to African problems?CHAPTER 27 lays emphasis on health crisis in Africa with the advent of HIV/AIDSCHAPTER 28 encourages new ideas and discoveries in health sciences in which claimsfor cure of HIV/AIDS have been pronounced, which is something Africa could take pridein.The major challenges are the issues of globalization and the internal self-inflictedoppressive forces of bad politics. Also, whether or not blocs of nations can envisionsolidarity economics; implement political union and economic independence througheconomic democratization, as there are some economic blocs that already exist. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Coping with Global Environmental Change, Disasters and Security Hans Günter Brauch, Úrsula Oswald Spring, Czeslaw Mesjasz, John Grin, Patricia Kameri-Mbote, Béchir Chourou, Pál Dunay, Joern Birkmann, 2011-02-03 Coping with Global Environmental Change, Disasters and Security - Threats, Challenges, Vulnerabilities and Risks reviews conceptual debates and case studies focusing on disasters and security threats, challenges, vulnerabilities and risks in Europe, the Mediterranean and other regions. It discusses social science concepts of vulnerability and risks, global, regional and national security challenges, global warming, floods, desertification and drought as environmental security challenges, water and food security challenges and vulnerabilities, vulnerability mapping of environmental security challenges and risks, contributions of remote sensing to the recognition of security risks, mainstreaming early warning of conflicts and hazards and provides conceptual and policy conclusions. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Handbook of Research on Creating Spaces for African Epistemologies in the Inclusive Education Discourse Maguvhe, Mbulaheni Obert, Masuku, Mfundo Mandla, 2021-12-31 Students with disabilities who are not able to perform to the best of their abilities often find themselves learning in inaccessible environments and subjected to increased stress levels due to the haphazard provisioning of education characterized by physical, communicative, and unsuitable teaching and learning approaches. Very often this is a result of various shortcomings including unfair assessment practices. Misconceptions and a lack of knowledge with regard to the implementation of inclusive education detract from the successful admission of students with disabilities and their retention and active participation. The Handbook of Research on Creating Spaces for African Epistemologies in the Inclusive Education Discourse explores the concept of inclusive education in an African context. It advocates for the monitoring and evaluation of inclusive education and proposes interventions where reasonable accommodation or lack of accessibility is a reason for students with disabilities to not benefit from this system. Covering topics such as barriers to learning, rural schools, and student support, this major reference work is an essential resource for administrators, advocates for students with disabilities, policymakers, researchers, pre-service teachers, educators, academicians, and students. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Cultural Heritage and Tourism Dallen J. Timothy, 2011-08-03 One of the most salient forms of modern-day tourism is based on the heritage of humankind. The majority of all global travel entails some element of the cultural past, as hundreds of millions of people visit cultural attractions, heritage festivals, and historic places each year. The book delves into this vast form of tourism by providing a comprehensive examination of its issues, current debates, concepts and practices. It looks at the social, physical and economic impacts, which cause destinations, site managers and interpreters to consider not only how to plan and manage resources but also how to portray the past in ways that are acceptable, accurate, accessible and politically relevant. In the process, however, the depth of heritage politics, the authenticity and inauthenticity of place and experience, and the urgent need to protect living and built cultures are exposed. The book explores these and many other current issues surrounding the management of cultural resources for tourism. In order to help students relate concepts to real-world situations it combines theory and practice, is student learning oriented, is written accessibly for all readers and is empirically rich. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Global Perspectives on Sustainable Library Practices Okojie, Victoria, Igbinovia, Magnus Osahon, 2022-10-28 Libraries as social and service-based institutions are constantly seeking innovative and effective ways to meet the needs of their users and maintain relevance amidst alternative information sources. They are constantly adjusting to meet the needs of users, contribute to the personal development of users, and alight with national development. All of these have placed a burden on libraries to engage in sustainable practices both to increase their capacity to drive current developmental endeavors and to sustain future relevance. Global Perspectives on Sustainable Library Practices provides a rich and robust knowledge resource that brings together diverse sustainable library practices that will revamp library operations towards optimally meeting the current objectives of libraries as a developmental institution as well as sustaining value for future operations and service transactions. Covering topics such as access efficacy, green space development, and library service delivery, this premier reference source is an essential resource for librarians, library administrators, educators and administration of both K-12 and higher education, students of library sciences, pre-service teachers, researchers, and academicians. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Global Education Monitoring Report Global Education Monitoring Report Team, UNESCO, 2021-12-31 Non-state actors' role extends beyond provision of schooling to interventions at various education levels and influence spheres. Alongside its review of progress towards SDG 4, including emerging evidence on the COVID-19 pandemic's impact, the 2021/2 Global Education Monitoring Report urges governments to see all institutions, students and teachers as part of a single system. Standards, information, incentives and accountability should help governments protect, respect and fulfil the right to education of all, without turning their eyes away from privilege or exploitation. Publicly funded education does not have to be publicly provided but disparity in education processes, student outcomes and teacher working conditions must be addressed. Efficiency and innovation, rather than being commercial secrets, should be diffused and practised by all. To that end, transparency and integrity in the public education policy process need to be maintained to block vested interests. The report's rallying call - Who chooses? Who loses? - invites policymakers to question relationships with non-state actors in terms of fundamental choices: between equity and freedom of choice; between encouraging initiative and setting standards; between groups of varying means and needs; between immediate commitments under SDG 4 and those to be progressively realized (e.g. post-secondary education); and between education and other social sectors. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Re-envisioning the Contemporary Art Canon Ruth E Iskin, 2016-12-08 Re-envisioning the Contemporary Art Canon: Perspectives in a Global World seeks to dissect and interrogate the nature of the present-day art field, which has experienced dramatic shifts in the past 50 years. In discussions of the canon of art history, the notion of ‘inclusiveness’, both at the level of rhetoric and as a desired practice is on the rise and gradually replacing talk of ‘exclusion’, which dominated critiques of the canon up until two decades ago. The art field has dramatically, if insufficiently, changed in the half-century since the first protests and critiques of the exclusion of ‘others’ from the art canon. With increased globalization and shifting geopolitics, the art field is expanding beyond its Euro-American focus, as is particularly evident in the large-scale international biennales now held all over the globe. Are canons and counter-canons still relevant? Can they be re-envisioned rather than merely revised? Following an introduction that discusses these issues, thirteen newly commissioned essays present case studies of consecration in the contemporary art field, and three commissioned discussions present diverse positions on issues of the canon and consecration processes today. This volume will be of interest to instructors and students of contemporary art, art history, and museum and curatorial studies. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Dynamics of Marketing in African Nations Sonny Nwankwo, Joseph F. Aiyeku, 2002-05-30 Consider Africa—not with pre-established mindsets, unexamined assumptions, and bland generalizations—but for what Africa actually is: a setting in which marketers can gather new ideas and test old ones and perhaps emerge with a more varied, certain sense of what the marketing enterprise itself, is all about. Nwankwo, Aiyeku, and their contributing authors, all specialists with a remarkably wide range of experience and viewpoints, uncover the unexpected factors that they are certain will determine the success of selling just about any product or service to established or developing African nations. Original, eclectic, and agenda-setting, their book provides a startling insight into the dynamics of marketing in this fascinating region of the world as it continues to initiate the new macroeconomic and political reforms that are transforming the African continent into an important player on the international business scene. Nwankwo and Aiyeku see their book as a welcome attempt to identify and explore the institutional processes in which not only the study but also the practice of marketing is embedded. They work with three main themes: the processual issues, including theory development and the reconceptualization of conventional paradigms; the nature of the interrelationships that shape the dynamics of marketing overall; and the context-specific dimensions of marketing generally, its marketing operations. As the volume editors state: By and large, African nations present new contexts and new strategic challenges. As they become focused, certain general approaches as to how various characteristics influence marketing behaviors have to be established. This book, through addressing these contextual issues, provides a better focus for creating a relevant set of marketing activities in African situations. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Environmental Justice Brendan Coolsaet, 2020-06-15 Environmental Justice: Key Issues is the first textbook to offer a comprehensive and accessible overview of environmental justice, one of the most dynamic fields in environmental politics scholarship. The rapidly growing body of research in this area has brought about a proliferation of approaches; as such, the breadth and depth of the field can sometimes be a barrier for aspiring environmental justice students and scholars. This book therefore is unique for its accessible style and innovative approach to exploring environmental justice. Written by leading international experts from a variety of professional, geographic, ethnic, and disciplinary backgrounds, its chapters combine authoritative commentary with real-life cases. Organised into four parts—approaches, issues, actors and future directions—the chapters help the reader to understand the foundations of the field, including the principal concepts, debates, and historical milestones. This volume also features sections with learning outcomes, follow-up questions, references for further reading and vivid photographs to make it a useful teaching and learning tool. Environmental Justice: Key Issues is the ideal toolkit for junior researchers, graduate students, upper-level undergraduates, and anyone in need of a comprehensive introductory textbook on environmental justice. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Contemporary Issues in International Arbitration and Mediation: The Fordham Papers 2014 Arthur W. Rovine, 2015-10-14 The 2014 volume of Contemporary Issues in International Arbitration and Mediation: The Fordham Papers is a collection of important works in the field written by the speakers at the 2014 Fordham Law School Conference on International Arbitration and Mediation. The papers are organized into the following parts: Keynote Presentation by Catherine Kessedjian PART 1: Investor-State and Commercial Arbitration by Peter Michaelson, Stanimir A. Alexandrov, James Mendenhall, Laurence Shore, Liang-Ying Tan, Rocío Digón, and Marek Krasula PART 2: Ethics by Bruce A. Green, Margaret Moses, Doak Bishop, Isabel Fernández de la Cuesta, Catherine A. Rogers, and Idil Tumer PART 3: Mediation by Lorraine M. Brennan, Anna Joubin-Bret, Josefa Sicard-Mirabal, Rachael Clarke, James M. Rhodes, and Carrie Menkel-Meadow PART 4: International Trade Arbitration by Kaj Hobér, Luiz Olavo Baptista, Giorgio Sacerdoti, and Gonzalo Biggs PART 5: Investor-State and Commercial Arbitration (2) by John J. Barcelo III, Roland Ziadé, Lorenzo Melchionda, and Dr. Wolfgang Kühn PART 6: International Tax Arbitration by Alexis Foucard, Léa Grandfond, Michael Lennard, and Natalia Quinones Cruz |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Issues in African Studies and National Education Kenneth Onwuka Dike, 1988 |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Water Security Bruce Lankford, Karen Bakker, Mark Zeitoun, Declan Conway, 2013-10-15 The purpose of this book is to present an overview of the latest research, policy, practitioner, academic and international thinking on water security—an issue that, like water governance a few years ago, has developed much policy awareness and momentum with a wide range of stakeholders. As a concept it is open to multiple interpretations, and the authors here set out the various approaches to the topic from different perspectives. Key themes addressed include: Water security as a foreign policy issue The interconnected variables of water, food, and human security Dimensions other than military and international relations concerns around water security Water security theory and methods, tools and audits. The book is loosely based on a masters level degree plus a short professional course on water security both given at the University of East Anglia, delivered by international authorities on their subjects. It should serve as an introductory textbook as well as be of value to professionals, NGOs, and policy-makers. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: HowExpert Guide to World History HowExpert, If you're passionate about the events that have shaped our world, then HowExpert Guide to World History is the perfect resource. This comprehensive handbook offers a detailed exploration of our shared heritage, ideal for history enthusiasts, students, or anyone curious about the past. Introduction - Chapter 1. Welcome to World History: Overview of the book, its importance, and how to use it effectively. Part 1: Ancient Civilizations - Chapter 2. Mesopotamia: Early innovations, city-states, and cultural achievements in the cradle of civilization. - Chapter 3. Ancient Egypt: Pharaohs, religious beliefs, and monumental contributions along the Nile. - Chapter 4. The Indus Valley: Advanced urban planning, trade networks, and mysterious decline. - Chapter 5. Ancient China: Political systems and philosophies of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Part 2: Classical Civilizations - Chapter 6. Classical Greece: Origins of democracy, philosophical thought, and artistic achievements. - Chapter 7. The Roman Empire: Rome's transition from republic to empire, legal structures, and lasting legacy. - Chapter 8. Ancient India: Political, religious, and scientific advancements of the Maurya and Gupta Empires. Part 3: The Life and Impact of Jesus Christ - Chapter 9. Jesus Christ: The profound impact of Jesus Christ's life and teachings on Western civilization. Part 4: Medieval Period - Chapter 10. The Byzantine Empire: The reign of Justinian and Theodora, religious achievements, and decline. - Chapter 11. Medieval Europe: Feudalism, the Church's role, and the impact of the Crusades. - Chapter 12. The Islamic Golden Age: Expansion of the caliphates and their scientific and cultural contributions. Part 5: Early Modern Period - Chapter 13. The Renaissance: The rebirth of classical knowledge, humanism, scientific discoveries, and key figures. - Chapter 14. The Age of Exploration: Voyages of discovery, impact on indigenous peoples, and the Columbian Exchange. - Chapter 15. The Reformation: The rise of Protestantism, the Catholic Counter-Reformation, and resulting religious conflicts. Part 6: Modern History - Chapter 16. The Enlightenment: Philosophical foundations, scientific advancements, and political reforms. - Chapter 17. The Industrial Revolution: Technological innovations, economic changes, and social transformations. - Chapter 18. The World Wars: Causes, major events, and global impact of World War I and World War II. Part 7: Contemporary History - Chapter 19. The Cold War: Origins, key events, and the end of the Cold War. - Chapter 20. Post-Colonialism: Decolonization movements in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America. - Chapter 21. Globalization: Technological and economic changes, environmental challenges, and the future of global relations. Conclusion - Chapter 22. Reflecting on World History: Recap major themes, lessons learned, and encourage further study of history. Appendices - Chapter 23. Glossary of Historical Terms: Definitions and explanations of key historical terms and concepts. - Chapter 24. Recommended Reading and Resources: Books, articles, websites, and other resources for further reading and research. - Chapter 25. Historical Timelines: Chronological timelines of significant historical events covered in the book. - Chapter 26. Key Historical Documents: Excerpts and analyses of important historical documents and texts. If you want to understand the events that have shaped our world, engage with HowExpert Guide to World History and learn from the past to shape a better future. HowExpert publishes how to guides on all topics from A to Z. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: African Foreign Policies Stephen Wright, 2018-02-22 This volume of thirteen original essays provides a timely analysis of African foreign policies in a post–Cold War environment where African marginalization from the global economy appears to be increasing. Three thematic essays give an overview of critical changes occurring in African foreign policies, and ten country-by-country case studies provide specific analyses of decisionmaking, intraregional relations, and the struggles over policy with external agencies, including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. African Foreign Policies offers explanations for how African states are adapting to the international challenges of the late twentieth century. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Climate Change and Africa Pak Sum Low, 2006-11-02 At the beginning of the twenty-first century, no environmental issue is of such truly global magnitude as the issue of climate change. The poorer, developing countries are the least equipped to adapt to the potential effects of climate change, although most of them have played an insignificant role in causing it. African countries are amongst the poorest of the developing countries. This book presents the issues of most relevance to Africa, such as past and present climate, desertification, biomass burning and its implications for atmospheric chemistry and climate, energy generation, sea-level rise, ENSO-induced drought and flood, adaptation, disaster risk reduction, the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol (especially the Clean Development Mechanism), capacity-building, and sustainable development. It provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of these and many other issues, with chapters by the leading experts from a range of disciplines. Climate Change and Africa will prove to be an invaluable reference for all researchers and policy makers with an interest in climate change and Africa. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Islamic Bioethics: Current Issues And Challenges Alireza Bagheri, Khalid Abdulla Al-ali, 2017-08-30 Islamic Bioethics presents a wide variety of perspectives and debates on how Islamic societies deal with the ethical dilemmas raised by biomedicine and new technologies. The book is a 'constructive dialogue' between contributors selected from a multidisciplinary group of Muslim and non-Muslim scholars from different Islamic countries. The 11 chapters illuminate the diversity and complexity of the issues discussed in Islamic bioethics and pave the way to a better understanding of Islamic bioethics and dialogue in the global bioethics community. The chapters take both theoretical and practical approaches to the topic, and each covers an emerging issue in Islamic bioethics.This book will be useful for academics and professional institutions in both Islamic and non-Islamic countries, and will be instrumental in providing researchers, scholars, students, policymakers and medical professionals with access to the latest issues and debates related to Islamic bioethics.Contributors include: Tariq Ramadan, Abdallah Daar, Ali Albar, Mohsin Ebrahim, Baharouddin Azizan Alastair Campbel, Bagher Larijani, Carol Taylor, Gamal Serour, James Rusthoven, Ilhan Ilkilic, Ingrid Mattson, Hassan Chamsi-Pasha, Jonathan Crane, Hakan Ertin, Mehunisha Suleman. |
| chapter 20 today's issues in africa: Research Handbook on International Water Law Stephen C. McCaffrey, Christina Leb, Riley T.Denoon, The Research Handbook on International Water Law surveys the field of the law of shared freshwater resources. In some thirty chapters, it covers subjects ranging from the general principles operative in the field and international groundwater law to the human right to water and whether international water law is prepared to cope with climate disruption. The authors are internationally recognized experts in the field, most with years of experience. The Research Handbook is edited by three scholars and practitioners whose publications and work deal with the law of international watercourses. |
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