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| communicative language teaching today: Communicative Language Teaching Today Jack Croft Richards, 2006 |
| communicative language teaching today: Communicative Language Teaching Today Jack Croft Richards, 2005 ... examines the methodology known as Communicative Language Teaching or CLT and explores the assumptions it is based on, its origins and evolution since it was first proposed in the 1970s, and how it has influenced approaches to language teaching today.--Back cover. |
| communicative language teaching today: Key Issues in Language Teaching Jack C. Richards, 2015-09-17 TESOL / ESL Teaching. |
| communicative language teaching today: Interpreting Communicative Language Teaching Sandra J. Savignon, 2002 The emergence of English as a global language, along with technological innovations and the growing need for learner autonomy, is changing language teaching rapidly and profoundly. With these changes come new demands and challenges for teaching education programmes. |
| communicative language teaching today: Communicative Language Teaching William Littlewood, 1981-03-31 This book provides an introduction to communicative language teaching for practising classroom teachers. |
| communicative language teaching today: English Language Teaching Today Willy A. Renandya, Handoyo Puji Widodo, 2016-08-22 English Language Teaching Today: Linking Theory and Practice provides an up-to-date account of current principles and practices for teaching English in the world today. The chapters, written by internationally recognized language teacher educators and TESOL specialists, introduce the reader to key language skill areas (i.e., listening, speaking, reading, writing, pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary) and explain how each skill area can be taught in a principled manner in diverse language learning contexts. Throughout the book, the link between theory and practice is explicitly highlighted and exemplified. This reader-friendly book is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in TESOL and other second language education programmes as well as for TESOL professionals who wish to stay current with recent developments in ELT. |
| communicative language teaching today: Communicative Language Teaching in Action Klaus Brandl, 2020-09-27 Communicative Language and Teaching in Action: Putting Principles to Work serves as an engaging and informative guide for second and foreign language teachers in training or for those pursuing a new career as language educators. The text demonstrates principles and practices of communicative and task-based language teaching, equipping readers with an innovative and effective approach to language instruction. The conceptual foundation of the book is based upon theoretical and empirical findings drawn from second language acquisition research, cognitive psychology, and brain research. It emphasizes successful instructional practices in a communicative and task-based approach to language learning. The book features copious examples of learning activities in different languages and lessons developed by experienced language teachers. Dedicated chapters cover the principles of communicative language teaching and task-based instruction; lesson planning; vocabulary and grammar in language learning; feedback and error correction; the development of listening, oral communication, reading, and writing skills; and assessment. The second edition features updated literature review in all chapters, new and dynamic teacher-training tasks, and reorganized and fresh content throughout the text, as well as a new chapter on writing and language learning. Communicative Language Teaching in Action is an ideal resource for courses and programs in foreign language education. |
| communicative language teaching today: Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching Jack C. Richards, Jack Croft Richards, Gavin Dudeney, Theodore S. Rodgers, 2001-04-09 In addition to the approaches and methods covered in the first edition, this edition includes new chapters, such as whole language, multiple intelligences, neurolinguistic programming, competency-based language teaching, co-operative language learning, content-based instruction, task-based language teaching, and The Post-Methods Era. |
| communicative language teaching today: Communicative Language Teaching in Practice Rosamond Mitchell, 1988 This book documents the efforts of Scottish comprehensive school teachers implementing a communicative approach in the early years of secondary schools. |
| communicative language teaching today: Curriculum Design and Praxis in Language Teaching Fernanda Carra-Salsberg, Maria Figueredo, Mihyon Jeon, 2022-03-31 Curriculum Design and Praxis in Language Teaching presents a variety of methodologies and theoretical perspectives for current and future postsecondary instructors in the areas of linguistics, second-language acquisition, and world literatures. Offering valuable insights for instructors, the materials presented in this book integrate perspectives and resources from various target languages, world regions, and cultures into areas related to teaching and learning within the field of language. From critical assessments of the current academic curriculum to the fine-tuning of lesson planning, the essays in this collection address the innovative design and implementation of traditional, blended, and online language courses. Including inter-artistic approaches, case studies, and practical guides, this book provides theoretical and hands-on suggestions regarding how to mindfully reinforce students’ socio-cultural engagement and linguistic development both inside and outside of their language-learning classrooms. The innovative ideas for language pedagogy presented in this book – including implementing technology, enhancing engaged spaces of learning, and adapting to the ever-changing field of pedagogy – represent agile ways of blending old and new approaches to carry forward into twenty-first-century postsecondary classrooms. |
| communicative language teaching today: New Trends in Foreign Language Teaching Raúl Ruiz Cecilia, António Lopes, 2019-01-15 Language teaching approaches, methods and procedures are constantly undergoing reassessment. New ideas keep emerging as the growing complexity of the means of communication and the opportunities created by technology put language skills to new uses. In addition, the political, social and economic impact of globalisation, the new demands of the labour market that result from it, the pursuit of competitiveness, the challenges of intercultural communication and the diversification of culture have opened new perspectives on the central role that foreign languages have come to play in the development of contemporary societies. This book provides an insight into the latest developments in the field and discusses the new trends in foreign language teaching in four major areas, namely methods and approaches, teacher training, innovation in the classroom, and evaluation and assessment. |
| communicative language teaching today: Methodology in Language Teaching Jack C. Richards, Willy A. Renandya, 2002-04-08 This comprehensive anthology gives an overview of current approaches, issues and practices in the teaching of English to speakers of other languages at elementary, secondary, and tertiary levels. |
| communicative language teaching today: Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching Diane Larsen-Freeman, 2000 This book provides a practical overview of the most important methods in the field. Readers are drawn into classrooms where various teaching methods and approaches are being used. They are encouraged to reflect on their own beliefs and to develop their own approach to language teaching. - Publisher. |
| communicative language teaching today: Japanese Language Teaching Alessandro G. Benati, 2009-01-01 Japanese Language Teaching examines the practical aspects of the acquisition of Japanese as a second language, underpinned by current theory and research. Each chapter examines the theory and practice of language teaching, and progresses to a consideration of the practical design of tasks for teaching. The final section applies theory and practice to an empirical case study, drawn from a classroom with Japanese as a second language. With its emphasis on practice underpinned by contemporary theory, this book will be of interest to postgraduates studying second language acquisition and applied linguistics. |
| communicative language teaching today: Individual Freedom in Language Teaching Christopher Brumfit, 2013-12-02 The book draws upon linguistic, psychological, philosophical, and sociolinguistic principles and uses practical examples from second, foreign, and mother tongue teaching. It attempts to integrate theoretical and empirical work with the practical needs of institutions and of teachers without losing sight of learners' needs for free personal choice combined with effective communication. |
| communicative language teaching today: Keep Talking Friederike Klippel, 1984 Here is a practical tool for teaching communication in the language classroom, suitable for use with students from elementary to advanced level. The book contains instructions for over 100 different participatory exercises. For each activity, notes are provided for organization, time, and preparation. A comprehensive table of activities and an index also are included. Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved. |
| communicative language teaching today: Curriculum Development in Language Teaching Jack C. Richards, 2017-04-06 A new edition of a successful title, which has been fully revised and updated to reflect contemporary issues in curriculum. The paperback edition provides a systematic introduction to the issues involved in developing, managing, and evaluating effective second and foreign language programs and teaching materials. Key stages in the curriculum development process are examined, including situation analysis, needs analysis, goal setting, syllabus design, materials development and adaptation, teaching and teacher support, and evaluation. Discussion activities throughout the book enable it to be used as a reference text for teachers and administrators. |
| communicative language teaching today: New Perspectives on Grammar Teaching in Second Language Classrooms Eli Hinkel, Sandra Fotos, 2001-07-01 New Perspectives on Grammar Teaching in Second Language Classrooms brings together various approaches to the contextualized teaching of grammar and communicative skills as integrated components of second language instruction. Its purpose is to show from both theoretical and practical perspectives that grammar teaching can be made productive and useful in ESL and EFL classrooms. In this text: *First-rate scholars approach the teaching of grammar from multiple complementary perspectives, providing an original, comprehensive treatment of the topic. *Discourse analysis and research data are used to address such pedagogical areas as grammatical and lexical development in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. *The communicative perspective on ESL and EFL instruction that is presented provides ways for learners to enhance their production skills, whereas the meaning-based grammar instruction can supplement and strengthen current methodology with a communicative focus. This volume is intended as a foundational text for second language grammar pedagogy courses at the advanced undergraduate and master's levels. |
| communicative language teaching today: The Cambridge Guide to Pedagogy and Practice in Second Language Teaching Jack C. Richards, Anne Burns, 2012-01-31 This collection of original articles provides an overview of key issues and approaches in contemporary language teaching. |
| communicative language teaching today: Success in English Teaching - Oxford Handbooks for Language Teachers Paul Davies, David Pearse, 2013-05-20 Clear, easy to follow, and free of jargon - does not assume the reader is a native speaker of English. Covers all the major topics relevant for trainee teachers with the right level of detail. Strong focus on classroom teaching, applying theoretical principles to hands-on teaching practice. Can be used if you have little or no formal training as an English teacher. Especially useful if you are working in the students' own country (rather than an English-speaking country). Can be used either as a complete course in English teaching or, if you already have some experience, as a reference book. A comprehensive and readable introduction to teaching English. Clear and jargon-free, it is easy to follow and suitable for initial teacher training, but also provides guidance and fresh ideas for more experienced teachers. It offers realistic ways of achieving success even with large classes and few resources. |
| communicative language teaching today: Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching 3rd edition - Oxford Handbooks for Language Teachers Diane Larsen-Freeman, Marti Anderson, 2013-01-18 Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching has influenced the way thousands of teachers have taught English. This classic guide to developing the way you teach has been an essential resource to new and experienced teachers worldwide, and is now in its third edition. Each chapter focuses on a different teaching approach, describing it being used in the classroom, analyzing what happened, and helping you think how you could apply it to your own teaching. New features of the third edition include: a new discussion on the political dimensions of language teaching, a new digital technology chapter, and extended coverage of content-based and task-based approaches. On this site you will find additional resources, including author videos in which Diane Larsen-Freeman and Marti Anderson talk about the background to the book and new innovations in language teaching which are discussed in the third edition. |
| communicative language teaching today: International Handbook of English Language Teaching Jim Cummins, Chris Davison, 2007-12-31 This two-volume handbook provides a comprehensive examination of policy, practice, research, and theory related to English language teaching (ELT) in international contexts. Nearly 70 chapters highlight the research foundation for the best practices, frameworks for policy decisions, and areas of consensus and controversy in the teaching and development of English as a second and/or additional language for kindergarten through to adult speakers of languages other than English. In doing so it problematizes traditional dichotomies and challenges the very terms that provide the traditional foundations of the field. A wide range of terms has been used to refer to the key players involved in the teaching and learning of the English language and to the enterprise of English language teaching as a whole. At various times and in different contexts, the following labels have been used in countries where English is the dominant language to describe programs, learners, or teachers of Enghsh: English as a second language (ESL), English as an additional language (EAL), limited English proficient (LEP), and English language learners (ELL). In contexts where EngUsh is not the dominant language, the following terms have been used: English as a foreign language (EFL), English as an international language (EIL), and English as a lingua franca (ELF). |
| communicative language teaching today: Usage-Based Second Language Instruction Ian Pemberton, 2024-03-05 This book proposes an innovative pedagogical approach, Usage-Based Second Language Instruction, which continues the tradition of challenges to existing paradigms such as Steven Krashen's Natural Approach, and Michael Lewis' Lexical Approach. It begins by analysing historical teaching methods to make the case for change. The author argues that Communicative Language Teaching lacks a theory of learning and overemphasises spoken production as a result. The book then examines theories of first language acquisition to establish a theoretical basis for change. It finds that usage-based theories offer a highly plausible account of language learning. The author sets out six principles to guide the application of usage-based theory to second language learning. The book will be of particular interest to students and researchers of Applied Linguistics and Language Education. |
| communicative language teaching today: Perspectives on Pedagogical Grammar Terence Odlin, 1994-03-25 The author brings together authorities from worldwide to update current theory and research in pedagogical grammar. |
| communicative language teaching today: Beyond Training Jack C. Richards, 1998-02-13 Beyond Training examines the nature of second language teacher development and how teachers' practices are influenced by their beliefs and principles. It seeks to move discussion of language teacher development beyond the level of training, which reflects a technical view of specific teaching practices. Instead, it takes a more holistic approach to teacher development built on the notion of the teacher as critical and reflective thinker. The argument pursued throughout is that teacher education needs to engage teachers not merely in the mastery of techniques, but in an exploration of the knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes that underly their teaching practices. |
| communicative language teaching today: Creativity in Language Teaching Rodney H. Jones, Jack C. Richards, 2015-08-27 Current, comprehensive, and authoritative, this text gives language teachers and researchers, both a set of conceptual tools with which to think and talk about creativity in language teaching and a wealth of practical advice about principles and practices that can be applied to making their lessons more creative. Providing an overview of the nature of creativity and its role in second language education, it brings together twenty prominent language teachers and researchers with expertise in different aspects of creativity and teaching contexts to present a range of theories on both creative processes and how these processes lead to creative practices in language teaching. Unique in the field, the book takes a broader and more critical look at the notion of creativity in language learning, exploring its linguistic, cognitive, sociocultural and pedagogic dimensions. Structured in four sections— theoretical perspectives, creativity in the classroom, creativity in the curriculum, and creativity in teacher development—each chapter is supplemented by Questions for Discussion and Suggestions for Further Research. Its accessible style makes the book relevant as both a course text and a resource for practicing teachers. |
| communicative language teaching today: Materials and Methods in ELT Jo McDonough, Christopher Shaw, Hitomi Masuhara, 2013-01-04 Featuring extensive updates and revisions, the 3rd edition of Materials and Methods in ELT offers a comprehensive and useful introduction to the principles and practice of teaching English as a foreign/second language. A popular and practical guide for teachers, teachers in training, and for students studying methods and materials Features a new chapter on IT in English language teaching, new samples from current teaching materials, plus a new section on technology for materials and methods Covers how to approach materials and methods, evaluation and adaptation, technology for materials and methods, and teaching in under-resourced classrooms Examines the different methods available to teachers for organizing and managing an ELT classroom, including group and pair work, individualization, and classroom observation |
| communicative language teaching today: Language Teachers and Teaching Selim Ben Said, Lawrence Jun Zhang, 2013-10-08 This volume gathers contributions from a range of global experts in teacher education to address the topic of language teacher education. It shows how teacher education involves the agency of teachers, which forms part of their identity, and which they take on when integrating into the teaching community of practice. In addition, the volume explores the teachers’ situated practice--the dynamic negotiation of classroom situations, socialization into the professional teaching culture, and on the ground experimentation with pedagogical skills/techniques. |
| communicative language teaching today: Teaching Communication, Skills and Competencies for the International Workplace Julio Gimenez, 2023-06-27 Backed by evidence and research, this practical book presents an innovative yet comprehensive approach to teaching non-native English speakers the main communication and cultural competencies that are required to succeed in an international English-speaking workplace. Each unit includes strategies for teaching key skills, tasks to encourage reflection and notes on relevant cultural and technological issues. Practical features in each unit include lesson plans and materials, insights from research, extension tasks, reflection activities and further readings. Supported by current learning theories, key teaching methodologies and assessment materials, the chapters address the challenges that non-native English speakers may face in the international English-speaking workplace. Areas of focus include: Job hunting Job applications Interviews Interpersonal, written and spoken communication Performance appraisals Applying for promotions Written for pre-service, practicing and future teachers, with specific guidance for each role, this is an essential resource for all educators who want to confidently address the challenges that non-English speakers may encounter at work, including linguistic proficiency, cultural awareness and the use of technology. |
| communicative language teaching today: Principles of Course Design for Language Teaching Janice Yalden, 1987-03-27 Outlines theoretical issues relevant to teaching second language courses. |
| communicative language teaching today: Communicative Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing Michael Canale, Merrill Swain, 1979 |
| communicative language teaching today: Teaching and Learning in English Medium Instruction Jack C Richards, Jack Pun, 2022-02-18 Teaching and Learning in English Medium Instruction provides an overview of the nature of English Medium Instruction (EMI) in both secondary and tertiary education. The book explores the nature of academic literacy in EMI; the ways in which EMI is implemented in different contexts; issues related to teaching and learning through the medium of English; teaching challenges and coping strategies used by EMI teachers; support for EMI through EAP; the professional development needs of EMI teachers; approaches to the evaluation of EMI programs. The book contains a number of short chapters written in an accessible style with discussion questions and practical follow up tasks. Throughout the book, key theory and research serves to introduce the core issues involved in EMI, which are then explored in terms of implications for practice. The book can be used in workshops and courses and for groups that include EMI teachers of content subjects, EAP teachers, TESOL students, and teachers and education officials involved with the implementation of EMI in different contexts. With the expansion of EMI worldwide in recent years the book seeks to introduce EMI to a new generation of EMI teachers and language teaching professionals. |
| communicative language teaching today: Foundational Principles of Task-Based Language Teaching Martin East, 2021-06-30 This book is available Open Access. This book introduces readers to the concept of task-based language teaching (TBLT), a learner-centred and experiential approach to language teaching and learning. Based on the premise that language learners can enhance their second language acquisition (SLA) through engagement in communicative tasks that compel them to use language for themselves, TBLT stands in contrast to more traditional approaches. Accessible and comprehensive, this book provides a foundational overview of the principles and practice of TBLT and demystifies what TBLT looks like in the classroom. Complete with questions for reflection, pedagogical extensions for application in real classrooms and further reading suggestions in every chapter, this valuable and informative text is vital for anyone interested in TBLT, whether as students, researchers or teachers. |
| communicative language teaching today: Methods and Methodologies for Language Teaching Andy Curtis, 2017-05-31 An essential guide for pre-service and in-service English language teachers. There are countless theories and approaches to language teaching, and with so many different methodologies available it can be difficult for teachers to weigh up the pros and cons of each – or even to know where to start. Written by an experienced teacher and researcher, Methods and Methodologies for Language Teaching takes a fresh look at ten approaches to classroom language teaching and learning. Each chapter includes suggested activities and further reading, presenting the origins and key features of each methodology before discussing its relation to assessment and learning outcomes. This is a clear, concise and context-driven introduction to teaching methods which reasserts the significance of methodology as a central pillar of language learning. |
| communicative language teaching today: Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching Jack C. Richards, Theodore S. Rodgers, 2014-04-16 In addition, this third edition includes content on the teaching and learning environment, with chapters on learners and methods, teachers and methods, plus approaches, methods and the curriculum. -- |
| communicative language teaching today: Assessing Grammar James E. Purpura, 2004-11-18 This book provides an accessible treatment of the issues surrounding the assessment of language learners' grammatical abilities. |
| communicative language teaching today: A Course in English Language Teaching Penny Ur, 2012-04-12 This book provides a comprehensive introduction to English language teaching, and is suitable for teachers in a variety of educational settings, including compulsory education. It has been completely revised and updated to cover essential new topics for the modern English languages teacher. These include: English as an international language ; Language acquisition theories and teaching methodologies ; Using digital supplementary materials ; Content and language integrated learning (CLIL). - Back cover |
| communicative language teaching today: The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Pedagogy of Persian Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi, 2020-07-16 The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Pedagogy of Persian offers a detailed overview of the field of Persian second language acquisition and pedagogy. The Handbook discusses its development and captures critical accounts of cutting edge research within the major subfields of Persian second language acquisition and pedagogy, as well as current debates and problems, and goes on to suggest productive lines of future research. The book is divided into the following four parts: I) Theory-driven research on second language acquisition of Persian, II) Language skills in second language acquisition of Persian, III) Classroom research in second language acquisition and pedagogy of Persian, and IV) Social aspects of second language acquisition and pedagogy of Persian. The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Pedagogy of Persian is an essential reference for scholars and students of Persian SLA and pedagogy as well as those researching in related areas. |
| communicative language teaching today: Southernizing Sociolinguistics Bassey E. Antia, Sinfree Makoni, 2022-11-10 This innovative collection offers a pan-Southern rejoinder to hegemonies of Northern sociolinguistics. It showcases voices from the Global South that substitute alternative and complementary narrations of the link between language and society for canonical renditions of the field. Drawing on Southern epistemologies, the volume critically explores the entangled histories of racial colonialism, capitalism, and patriarchy in perpetuating prejudice in and around language as a means of encouraging the conceptualization of alternative epistemological futures for sociolinguistics. The book features work by both established and emerging scholars, and is organized around four parts: The politics of the constitution of language, and its metalanguage, in the Global South; Who gets published in sociolinguistics? Language in the Global South and the social inscription of difference; and Learning and the quotidian experience of language in the Global South. This book will be of interest to scholars in sociolinguistics, applied linguistics, critical race and ethnic studies, and philosophy of knowledge. Chapter 11 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license. |
COMMUNICATIVE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of COMMUNICATIVE is tending to communicate : talkative. How to use communicative in a sentence.
COMMUNICATIVE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
COMMUNICATIVE definition: 1. willing to talk to people and give them information: 2. relating to communication: 3. relating…. Learn more.
Communicative - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms
To be communicative is to have the ability to communicate — to exchange thoughts and ideas. Couples often go to counseling to learn to be more communicative. It's easy to see the verb …
COMMUNICATIVE definition and meaning | Collins English …
Someone who is communicative talks to people, for example about their feelings, and tells people things. She has become a lot more tolerant and communicative. Communicative means …
Communicative vs. Communication — What’s the Difference?
Apr 4, 2024 · Communicative is an adjective describing someone's ability or willingness to share thoughts, ideas, or feelings effectively. It's often used in the context of language learning, …
Communicative - definition of communicative by ... - The Free …
Define communicative. communicative synonyms, communicative pronunciation, communicative translation, English dictionary definition of communicative. adj. 1. Inclined to communicate …
communicative adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and …
Definition of communicative adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
COMMUNICATIVE Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Communicative definition: inclined to communicate or impart; talkative.. See examples of COMMUNICATIVE used in a sentence.
Communicative Definition & Meaning - YourDictionary
Someone or something which tends to eagerly and effectively communicate. From Middle French communicatif.
Communicative - Wikipedia
Communicative dynamism, a linguistics notion; Communicative ecology, conceptual model used within media and communications research; Communicative language teaching, or the …
COMMUNICATIVE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of COMMUNICATIVE is tending to communicate : talkative. How to use communicative in a sentence.
COMMUNICATIVE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
COMMUNICATIVE definition: 1. willing to talk to people and give them information: 2. relating to communication: 3. relating…. Learn more.
Communicative - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
To be communicative is to have the ability to communicate — to exchange thoughts and ideas. Couples often go to counseling to learn to be more communicative. It's easy to see the verb …
COMMUNICATIVE definition and meaning | Collins English …
Someone who is communicative talks to people, for example about their feelings, and tells people things. She has become a lot more tolerant and communicative. Communicative means …
Communicative vs. Communication — What’s the Difference?
Apr 4, 2024 · Communicative is an adjective describing someone's ability or willingness to share thoughts, ideas, or feelings effectively. It's often used in the context of language learning, …
Communicative - definition of communicative by ... - The Free …
Define communicative. communicative synonyms, communicative pronunciation, communicative translation, English dictionary definition of communicative. adj. 1. Inclined to communicate …
communicative adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and …
Definition of communicative adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
COMMUNICATIVE Definition & Meaning - Dictionary.com
Communicative definition: inclined to communicate or impart; talkative.. See examples of COMMUNICATIVE used in a sentence.
Communicative Definition & Meaning - YourDictionary
Someone or something which tends to eagerly and effectively communicate. From Middle French communicatif.
Communicative - Wikipedia
Communicative dynamism, a linguistics notion; Communicative ecology, conceptual model used within media and communications research; Communicative language teaching, or the …
