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| cameroon official language: English in Cameroon Hans-Georg Wolf, 2001 The multilingual situation in Cameroon and the status of English as a co-official language constitute a unique and fascinating case for sociolinguistic investigation. Drawing from first-hand material, the author investigates several aspects of this complex configuration, including the historical development of English in Cameroon, the various languages and lingua franca areas, the linguistic policy, the de facto status of English and the situation in the anglophone provinces. The speech community of the Anglophones is highlighted as a rare example of an ethnicity tied to the second language. Apart from important sociolinguistic findings, the work includes a novel, corpus-based analysis of Cameroon English. Certain lexical phenomena are explained by the cognitive coding of culture - particularly the African cultural model of community, which also underlies the self-perception of the Anglophones - a perspective hitherto neglected in the study of the New Englishes. |
| cameroon official language: Language Policy and Identity Construction Eric A. Anchimbe, 2013-01-01 The (dis)empowerment of languages through language policy in multilingual postcolonial communities often shapes speakers identification with these languages, their attitude towards other languages in the community, and their choices in interpersonal and intergroup communication. Focusing on the dynamics of Cameroon s multilingualism, this book contributes to current debates on the impact of politic language policy on daily language use in sociocultural and interpersonal interactions, multiple identity construction, indigenous language teaching and empowerment, the use of Cameroon Pidgin English in certain formal institutional domains initially dominated by the official languages, and linguistic patterns of social interaction for politeness, respect, and in-group bonding. Due to the multiple perspectives adopted, the book will be of interest to sociolinguists, applied linguists, pragmaticians, Afrikanists, and scholars of postcolonial linguistics. |
| cameroon official language: A Grammar of Cameroonian Pidgin Nkemngong Nkengasong, 2016-01-14 This volume represents a comprehensive description of the structure of Cameroonian Pidgin, including an overview of its socio-cultural context, writing system, sounds, word formation, word classes and sentence structures. It comprises a corpus of 540 Cameroonian Pidgin proverbs and a rich glossary of over 1000 words and expressions typical of Cameroonian Pidgin which are helpful in understanding the characteristic features of the language, as well as the cultural, the social, and the philosophical contexts of the Cameroonian Pidgin speaker. Written with the first-hand experience of a “native speaker”, it will be of interest to ordinary users, as well as students, researchers and professional linguists interested in the way the language functions. Indeed, it represents a useful resource for anyone wishing to learn or know about Pidgin, especially tourists and professionals traveling to West and Central Africa. |
| cameroon official language: State-Building and Multilingual Education in Africa Ericka A. Albaugh, 2014-04-24 This book explains why many governments in Africa are including African languages alongside European languages as media of instruction in elementary schools. It argues that a number of factors have combined to make multilingual education attractive: France has changed its foreign policy toward its former colonies, language NGOs are transcribing more languages, and pressure toward democracy makes African leaders look for ways to divide the opposition. |
| cameroon official language: Translators through History Jean Delisle, Judith Woodsworth, 2012-07-05 Acclaimed, when it first appeared, as a seminal work – a groundbreaking book that was both informative and highly readable – Translators through History is being released in a new edition, substantially revised and expanded by Judith Woodsworth. Translators have played a key role in intellectual exchange through the ages and across borders. This account of how they have contributed to the development of languages, the emergence of literatures, the dissemination of knowledge and the spread of values tells the story of world culture itself. Content has been updated, new elements introduced and recent directions in translation scholarship incorporated, providing fresh insights and a more nuanced view of past events. The bibliography contains over 100 new titles and illustrations have been refreshed and enhanced. An invaluable tool for students, scholars and professionals in the field of translation, the latest version of Translators through History remains a vital resource for researchers in other disciplines and a fascinating read for the wider public. |
| cameroon official language: Scribbles from the Den Dibussi Tande, 2009 49 insightful essays ... which originally appeared on his award-winning blog 'Scribbles from the den'--Page 4 of cover |
| cameroon official language: The English of Francophone Speakers in Cameroon Jean-Paul Kouega, 2019-11-14 Scientific Study from the year 2019 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, University of Yaoundé 1 (Faculty of Arts), language: English, abstract: This work, which describes the English of these francophone users, comprises an introduction, seven chapters grouped into two parts, and a conclusion. The introduction overviews the historical background of the country and its geographic and linguistic situations. Part One deals with the didactics of English in Cameroon; it comprises three chapters which take up in turn the languages in the education system of the country, the teaching of English in primary and secondary schools as well as tertiary level institutions. Part Two, which tackles the description of the English speech of francophone users, first outlines the research design. Then it takes up the sound system of francophone English, focusing on the realisations of consonants and vowels, and stress placement. Next it examines the vocabulary of this variety of English and finds that it is characterised by an excessive use of direct loan, calque, and false friends. This is followed by a description of the morpho-syntactic features of the variety. The frequent features identified can be grouped under 12 major categories of items, i.e., verb tenses, articles, the plural form in noun phrases, pronouns, word order, subject-verb agreement, adverbs, prepositions, question formation, negation, verbs in embedded clauses, and serial verbs. Lastly, drawing from the findings outlined in these linguistic analyses, the researcher makes an appraisal of Cameroon’s French-English official bilingualism policy. The various measures taken over the years by Government to promote official bilingualism are evaluated first. Then the consequences of the failure of this policy are considered. Finally a way forward is proposed: there is a need to adopt a new syllabus purposely designed to enhance bilingual competence among francophones in the country. Francophone English as Kouega notes, is a dialect of English that is developing in a number of Expanding Circles countries where French has hitherto been the sole or primary medium of instruction. In Cameroon, francophone children learn English as a subject from primary school alongside other subjects like geography, which are taught in French. English is taught as a subject from the primary to the tertiary level of education. It is taught in all schools as part of the implementation of the country’s French-English official bilingualism policy that was adopted in 1961 when French Cameroon and English Cameroon united to form a federal state. |
| cameroon official language: Language and Interaction in the Chinese Community in Cameroon Jocelyne Kenne Kenne, 2023-10-31 This book is the first in-depth treatment from a linguistic perspective of the Chinese presence in Africa. It is essentially a detailed study on communication in various domains between Chinese immigrants in Cameroon and the local community with whom they interact. In eight chapters this well-organized book is able to give a relatively detailed sociolinguistic description of the host country, Cameroon, provide a good theoretical background of the study, outline the methodology used for the study which involved mainly a questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews, and field observations before drawing conclusions to the study. This is a brilliant contribution to a growing literature on the global Chinese diaspora. - Adams Bodomo, Professor of African Studies (Chair of Linguistics and Literatures) at the University of Vienna, Austria |
| cameroon official language: Language and National Identity in Africa Andrew Simpson, 2008-02-07 This book focuses on language, culture, and national identity in Africa. Leading specialists examine countries in every part of the continent - Egypt, Morocco, Sudan, Senegal, Mali, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Zanbia, South Africa, and the nations of the Horn, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia. Each chapter describes and examines the country's linguistic and political history and the relation of its languages to national, ethnic, and cultural identities, and assesses the relative status of majority and minority languages and the role of language in ethnic conflict. Of the book's authors, fifteen are from Africa and seven from Europe and the USA. Jargon-free, fully referenced, and illustrated with seventeen maps, this book will be of value to a wide range of readers in linguistics, politics, history, sociology, and anthropology. It will interest everyone wishing to understand the dynamic interactions between language and politics in Africa, in the past and now. |
| cameroon official language: A Grammar of Makary Kotoko Sean Allison, 2020-06-15 In A Grammar of Makary Kotoko, Sean Allison provides a thorough description and analysis of Makary Kotoko - a Central Chadic language of Cameroon, framing the discussion within R.M.W. Dixon’s (2010a, 2010b, 2012) Basic Linguistic Theory. Working with an extensive corpus of recorded texts supplemented by interactions with native speakers of the language, the author provides the first full grammar of a Kotoko language. The detailed analysis of the phonology, morphology, syntax, and discourse features of Makary Kotoko is from a functional/typological perspective. Being based on a large number of oral texts, the analysis provides an example-rich description showing the range of variation of the constructions presented while giving insights into Kotoko culture. |
| cameroon official language: Crossing Linguistic Borders in Postcolonial Anglophone Africa Jemima Anderson, Valentine N. Ubanako, 2014-11-10 The papers collected in this volume discuss applied, pedagogical and ideological issues related to language use in selected countries in post-colonial Anglophone Africa. The collection represents new voices in linguistics from Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya and Nigeria, and is structured in four sections, covering the following themes: • languages in contact • language identity, ideology and policy • communication and issues of intelligibility • language in education The volume discusses the linguistic paradoxes and complexities that have emerged from the contact between English, (and/or) French and indigenous African languages. Some of the papers collected here discuss the characteristics, functions and peculiarities of the emerging varieties of languages that have developed in these post-colonial African States. Furthermore, the book offers empirical data on up-to-date research drawn from the expertise of budding and established scholars in the areas under discussion, and demonstrates the rich body of research that is developing in post-colonial Africa. Some of the areas covered in this volume include the linguistic products of bilingualism in Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, and new linguistic and sociocultural borders of Cameroonian Pidgin-Creole, which bridge the ideological gap between English and French speaking communities in Cameroon, unofficial language policy and language planning in the country and discourse choices in Cameroonian English. This book is an ideal resource for graduate students and researchers interested in the areas of sociolinguistics, applied linguistics, discourse analysis and World Englishes. |
| cameroon official language: Cameroon Pidgin English Miriam Ayafor, Melanie Green, 2017-12-15 Cameroon Pidgin English (CPE) is an English-lexified Atlantic expanded pidgin/creole spoken in some form by an estimated 50% of Cameroon’s population, primarily in the anglophone west regions, but also in urban centres throughout the country. Primarily a spoken language, CPE enjoys a vigorous oral presence in Cameroon, and the linguistic examples illustrating this description are drawn from a spoken corpus consisting of a range of text types, including oral narratives, radio broadcasts and spontaneous conversation. The authors’ typologically-framed investigation of the features of the language, from its phonetics, phonology and lexicon to its syntax and discourse structure, allows the reader a clear view of the linguistic character of CPE, offering a comprehensive description of the language that will be of interest to creolists as well as linguists interested in African languages, contact linguistics and comparative linguistics. |
| cameroon official language: Language, Identity and Symbolic Culture David Evans, 2018-05-31 Language is integral to the construction of personal, socio-cultural and socio-political identities. Language, Identity and Symbolic Culture closely investigates the relationship between language and identities, offering a comprehensive yet progressive view of how linguistics relates to development and education, both in theoretical and real world applications. Progressing from a theoretical core examining the connection between language and individual identity, this book moves on to look at the wider socio-political discourse involving the marginalization and resistance of communities in the world. Beginning with the philosophical paradigms of language, Evans questions whether language shapes personal identities in its daily use or whether language is simply a tool for describing, rather than creating, the world. Extrapolating on this, the contributors utilise case studies from across the globe to see how these linguistic perspectives are played out in the real world, considering the role of language in issues surrounding power, colonization, marginalization and education. Language, Identity and Symbolic Culture offers a view of language identity conflicts around the world and an understanding of the opportunities of political and cultural emancipation created through language and open discourse. |
| cameroon official language: Manual of Romance Languages in Africa Ursula Reutner, 2023-12-18 With more than two thousand languages spread over its territory, multilingualism is a common reality in Africa. The main official languages of most African countries are Indo-European, in many instances Romance. As they were primarily brought to Africa in the era of colonization, the areas discussed in this volume are thirty-five states that were once ruled by Belgium, France, Italy, Portugal, or Spain, and the African regions still belonging to three of them. Twenty-six states are presented in relation to French, four to Italian, six to Portuguese, and two to Spanish. They are considered in separate chapters according to their sociolinguistic situation, linguistic history, external language policy, linguistic characteristics, and internal language policy. The result is a comprehensive overview of the Romance languages in modern-day Africa. It follows a coherent structure, offers linguistic and sociolinguistic information, and illustrates language contact situations, power relations, as well as the cross-fertilization and mutual enrichment emerging from the interplay of languages and cultures in Africa. |
| cameroon official language: Language Planning and Language Education Chris Kennedy, 1984 |
| cameroon official language: Introduction to Cameroon Gilad James, PhD, Cameroon is a country in central Africa that is bordered by Nigeria to the west, Chad to the northeast, the Central African Republic to the east, Equatorial Guinea to the south, and Gabon to the southwest. It has a diverse geography, including coastal plains, rainforests, savannas, and the volcanic peaks of Mount Cameroon in the west. Cameroon is home to over 250 different ethnic groups, each with its own language and cultural traditions. French and English are both official languages in the country, reflecting its colonial history as a protectorate of Germany, then a League of Nations mandate administered by France and Britain before it gained independence in 1960. Cameroon is one of the most developed countries in the region, with a relatively stable political system and a growing economy based on natural resources such as oil, cocoa, and timber. However, it faces many social and economic challenges, including high levels of poverty, inequality, and corruption. Despite this, Cameroon has a vibrant arts and music scene, and has produced famous cultural figures such as author Mongo Beti and musician Manu Dibango. Its national football team, known as the Indomitable Lions, has also achieved international success, winning the Africa Cup of Nations five times. |
| cameroon official language: Language Planning in Africa Nkonko Kamwangamalu, Richard Baldauf Jr., Robert Kaplan, 2016-04-08 This volume focuses on language planning in the Cameroon, Sudan and Zimbabwe, explaining the linguistic diversity, historical and political contexts, current language situation (including language-in-education planning), the role of the media, the role of religion and the roles of non-indigenous languages. The authors are indigenous to the situations described, and draw on their experience and extensive fieldwork there. The extended case studies contained in this volume draw together the literature on each of the polities to present an overview of the existing research available, while also providing new research-based information. The purpose of this volume is to provide an up-to-date overview of the language situation in each polity based on a series of key questions, in the hope that this might facilitate the development of a richer theory to guide language policy and planning in other polities where similar issues may arise. This book comprises case studies originally published in the journal Current Issues in Language Planning. |
| cameroon official language: Language Policy and Identity Construction Eric A. Anchimbe, 2013-01-07 The (dis)empowerment of languages through language policy in multilingual postcolonial communities often shapes speakers’ identification with these languages, their attitude towards other languages in the community, and their choices in interpersonal and intergroup communication. Focusing on the dynamics of Cameroon’s multilingualism, this book contributes to current debates on the impact of politic language policy on daily language use in sociocultural and interpersonal interactions, multiple identity construction, indigenous language teaching and empowerment, the use of Cameroon Pidgin English in certain formal institutional domains initially dominated by the official languages, and linguistic patterns of social interaction for politeness, respect, and in-group bonding. Due to the multiple perspectives adopted, the book will be of interest to sociolinguists, applied linguists, pragmaticians, Afrikanists, and scholars of postcolonial linguistics. |
| cameroon official language: International Handbook of Urban Education William T. Pink, George W. Noblit, 2008-09-03 It is evident that urban education has become the central focus of educators at the present time. In the U.S., for example, almost one third of all school age children attend schools in large urban school districts. It is in these urban schools where the diversity of cultures and languages is highest and where student learning is most problematic. What has emerged from recent work to improve urban schools is the insight that there is no one-size-fits-all panacea. Rather, we have discovered that the local context shapes, in critically important ways, what will be effective at the school level. The universality of the problematics with urban education, together with the importance of understanding the local, or situated, context of improvement interventions, brings into sharp focus the importance and timeliness of an undertaking like the International Handbook of Urban Education. An important focus of the International Handbook of Urban Education will be the interrogation of both the social and political factors that lead to different problem posing and subsequent solutions within each region. An important question to be answered, for example, is what it takes in terms of resources, political will and policy actions to improve urban education. |
| cameroon official language: The Handbook of Educational Linguistics Bernard Spolsky, Francis M. Hult, 2010-02-01 The Handbook of Educational Linguistics is a dynamic, scientifically grounded overview revealing the complexity of this growing field while remaining accessible for students, researchers, language educators, curriculum developers, and educational policy makers. A single volume overview of educational linguistics, written by leading specialists in its many relevant fields Takes into account the diverse theoretical foundations, core themes, major findings, and practical applications of educational linguistics Highlights the multidisciplinary reach of educational linguistics Reflects the complexity of this growing field, whilst remaining accessible to a wide audience |
| cameroon official language: Language and Decolonisation Finex Ndhlovu, Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni, 2024-07-23 Language and Decolonisation is the first collection to bring together views from across scholarly communities that are committed to the agenda of decolonising knowledge in language study. Edited by leading figures in the field, the chapters offer new insights on how ‘decolonising’ can be adopted as a methodology for charting the next steps in solving practical language-related problems in educational and related social policy areas. Divided into two sections, the book covers the coloniality of language, the materiality of culture and colonial scripts, the decolonisation imperative, multilingualism discourse and decolonisation, and decolonising languages in public discourse. With 20 chapters authored by experts from across the globe, this pioneering collection is an essential reference and resource for advanced students, scholars, and researchers of language and culture, sociolinguistics, decolonial studies, racial studies, and related areas. |
| cameroon official language: Language, Literature, and the Dynamics of Conflict Eunice Ngongkum, Hans Fonka, 2023-12-18 Informed by a global space animated by various conflicts, this book brings a refreshing perspective on how the disciplines of literature and language engage this phenomenon. In its shift from a purely political interrogation of conflict, the volume provides a broad analytic canvas on which human behaviour in such contexts can be examined. This is an ultimate invitation to a re-visioning of socio-cultural parameters of identity construction, borders, natural resources, religion, cultural values, beliefs, governance, ideology, and globalisation. The book’s varied perspective, animated by a rich diversity of literary and linguistic approaches, gives it an interdisciplinary emphasis that will appeal to readers across disciplines. Its ultimate message is that conflict is not subject-bound. The liberal analysis of different aspects makes the volume an invaluable asset not only to literature and language scholars but also to everyone with inclinations towards conflict creation and management. |
| cameroon official language: Perspectives on Translation and Interpretation in Cameroon Emmanuel Chia, Joseph Che Suh, Alexandre Ndeffo Tene, 2009 Perspectives on Translation and Interpretation in Cameroon is the first volume of a book series of the Advanced School of Translators and Interpreters (ASTI) of the University of Buea. It opens a window into the wide dynamic and interesting area of translation and interpretation in a multilingual Cameroon that had on the eve of independence and unification opted for official bilingualism in French and English. The book comprises contributions from scholars of translation in the broad area of translation, comprising: the concept of translation and its pedagogy, the history of translation and, the state of the art of translation as a discipline, profession and practice. The book also focuses on acquisition of translation competences through training, and chronicles the history of translation in Cameroon through the contributions of both Cameroonian and European actors from the German through the French and English colonial periods to the postcolonial present in their minutia. Rich, original and comprehensive, the book is a timely and invaluable contribution to the growing community of translators and interpreters in Africa and globally. |
| cameroon official language: Le bilinguisme officiel au Cameroun George Echu, 2023-07-13 |
| cameroon official language: Choosing the Language of Transnational Deals Patrick L. Del Duca, 2010 This book takes a comparative look at cross-border secured lending and commercial dispute resolution. It illustrates how parties involved in transactions can effectively structure their business to maximize their control of the language choice in which they deal. The book integrates investigations of national legal systems and various international organizations to illustrate the new institutitional dynamics through which the languages of transnational commerce and finance are being defined. |
| cameroon official language: English in Cameroon Hans-Georg Wolf, 2013-06-10 The multilingual situation in Cameroon and the status of English as a co-official language constitute a unique and fascinating case for sociolinguistic investigation. Drawing from first-hand material, the author investigates several aspects of this complex configuration, including the historical development of English in Cameroon, the various languages and lingua franca areas, the linguistic policy, the de facto status of English and the situation in the anglophone provinces. The speech community of the Anglophones is highlighted as a rare example of an ethnicity tied to the second language. Apart from important sociolinguistic findings, the work includes a novel, corpus-based analysis of Cameroon English. Certain lexical phenomena are explained by the cognitive coding of culture - particularly the African cultural model of community, which also underlies the self-perception of the Anglophones - a perspective hitherto neglected in the study of the New Englishes. |
| cameroon official language: Ngwane: Protecting Minority Language Rights / Pr George Ngwane, 2023-05-24 In this succinct, well-framed work, noted activist and scholar George Ngwane tackles the issue of minority language rights with alacrity. The book will offer those interested in linguistic rights insights into the dilemmas facing African countries, set against the backdrop of developments in the international framework for the promotion of linguistic rights. In drawing on Cameroonian policies of which he remains a key influencer, George Ngwane offers practical insights and bold solutions that should prove insightful for those tasked with determining the intricacies by which African development potential can be realised through measures that promote both the identities and the future socio-economic and development trajectories of their countries. |
| cameroon official language: Language Contact in a Postcolonial Setting Eric A. Anchimbe, 2012-10-01 This timely book brings together research on the features and evolution of Cameroon English and Cameroon Pidgin English, approached from a variety of innovative multilingual frameworks that focus on the emergence of mother tongue speakers. The authors illustrate how language and population contact, history (colonialism), multilingualism, translation, and indigenization have contributed to shaping the norms of postcolonial Englishes and Pidgins. Employing naturalistic data, the volume provides a new fascinating perspective that better situates and supplements existing research in the fields of African Englishes and Creolistics. It is particularly of key interest to sociolinguists, contact linguists, Africanists, Anglicists, creolists and historical linguists. |
| cameroon official language: International Journal of Language Studies (IJLS) – volume 5(1) Mohammad Ali Salmani-Nodoushan, 2011-03-30 Papers in this issue include: (1) Ana María Díaz Collazos & Diego Pascual y Cabo, Vocalic instability in L3 acquisition: The case of falling diphthongs [aj] [oj] among Japanese learners of Spanish; (2) Samuel Atechi, Pidgin English in Cameroon: To teach or not to teach; (3) Mostafa Zamanian & Reza Mobashshernia, A survey of PhD programs in TEFL: Curricular strengths and weaknesses in Iranian universities; (4) Saeed Taki, Cross-cultural communication and metaphorical competence; (5) Mohammad Ali Salmani Nodoushan, The place of genre analysis in international communication; (6) Kamal Heidari Soureshjani & Nasser Rashidi, On the Iranian EFL learners' working memory in reading: Does gender make any difference? (7) Shih-min Li & Huei-ling Lai, Hakka aspectual Ted4 constructions: A constructional approach; (8) Parviz Birjandi, Parisa Daftarifard & Rense Lange, The effects of dynamic assessment on Rasch item and person hierarchies in second language testing |
| cameroon official language: Sociolinguistic and Structural Aspects of Cameroon Creole English Aloysius Ngefac, 2016-08-17 Based on current data, the book provides a detailed sociolinguistic and structural description of Cameroon Creole English, with a special focus on aspects that are often used in creolistic literature as putative defining features of bona fide prototypical creoles. It is the first comprehensive research monograph on the language that describes and situates its sociolinguistic and structural aspects within the context of current creolistic debate and answers the following unanswered questions: How is the evolutionary trajectory of the language and which theory of pidgins and creoles genesis best accounts for its origin and development? What is its current sociolinguistic status? Is the language a pidgin or a creole? What is the typological distance between the language and its main lexifier? What is its relationship with the other West African contact languages and other creole languages? In spite of the controversy that characterizes the field of creolistics regarding the defining characteristics of pidgins and creoles, the book suggests, for instance, that, if the different routes to creolization are recognized, it will be much easier to come up with putative characteristics that define the developmental status of any contact language, as is the case with Cameroon Creole English. |
| cameroon official language: The use of indigenous techniques of communication in language learning Balbina Ebong, 2004 |
| cameroon official language: The Languages of Nation Carol Percy, Mary Catherine Davidson, 2012-07-25 This collection brings together research on linguistic prescriptivism and social identities, in specific contemporary and historical contexts of cross-cultural contact and awareness. Providing multilingual and multidisciplinary perspectives from language studies, lexicography, literature, and cultural studies, our contributors relate language norms to frameworks of identity beyond monolingual citizenship - nativeness, ethnicity, politics, religion, empire. Some chapters focus on traditional instruments of prescriptivism: language academies in Europe; government language planners in southeast Asia; dictionaries and grammars from Early Modern and imperial Britain, republican America, the postcolonial Caribbean, and modern Germany. Other chapters consider the roles of scholars in prescriptivism, as well as the more informal and populist mechanisms of enforcement expressed in newspapers. With a thematic introduction articulating links between its breadth of perspectives, this accessible book should engage everyone concerned with language norms. |
| cameroon official language: , |
| cameroon official language: Journal of Applied Linguistics: Selected Papers Hussain Al-Fattah Ahmad, 2015-12-10 Selected papers from the Journal of Applied Linguistics (Dubai) edited by Hussain Al-Fattah Ahmad |
| cameroon official language: International Journal of Language Studies (IJLS) – volume 9(1) Mohammad Ali Salmani Nodoushan, |
| cameroon official language: Essays on Language, Communication and Literature in Africa Joyce T. Mathangwane, Akin Odebunmi, 2016-02-08 Essays on Language, Communication and Literature in Africa explores language choice questions, together with domain-driven lingua-communicative and literary resources situated within the discourses of law, culture, medicine, visual art, politics, the media, music and literature in Africa. It identifies the distinctive African paraphernalia of these discourses, and foregrounds their real-world and mediated cultural and societal values, and highlights the Western presence through the inclusion of aspects of Shakespearean perspectives which bear universal tidings and speak to the African gender tradition. The chapters’ attention to verbal and visual artistic communicative mechanisms underlines such engagements as multilingualism policies, socio-political declension, social dynamism and cultural interventions that characterise the African setting. These realities are discussed in impressive detail, authoritative scholastic depth and effective stylistic tones that reflect the authors’ familiarity with the facets of African societies deducible from language, communication and literature. |
| cameroon official language: The Palgrave Handbook of Language Policies in Africa Esther Mukewa Lisanza, Leonard Muaka, 2024-07-08 This handbook explores language policies and their impacts in Africa, examining the different language policies in each country from pre-colonial to post-colonial times. Most African countries are multilingual, apart from a handful which are said to be quasi-monolingual. The authors in this handbook investigate language policy in education, media, legal courts, government documents and other public domains, and show how these policies shape learning and delivery of services to the citizens. The volume also pays special attention to the roles assigned to minority languages in Africa, most of which are endangered. The contributions also investigate how these language policies are influenced by the history of colonialism and language attitudes emanating from colonial rule. This handbook will be of interest to a diverse audience of readers, including those interested in African languages, language planning and policy, and African history and education. |
| cameroon official language: Africa South of the Sahara Robert Stock, Robert F. Stock, 2012-12-01 This authoritative, widely adopted text provides a broad introduction to the geography of Africa south of the Sahara. The book analyzes the political, economic, social, and environmental processes that shape resource use and development in this large, diverse region. Students gain a context for understanding current development debates and addressing questions about the nature and sustainability of contemporary changes. Timely topics include the rise of foreign investment in Africa, the evolving geographies of rural-urban linkages, the birth of the Republic of South Sudan, and advances in the struggle against HIV/AIDS. New to This Edition: *Fully updated to reflect the latest data and trends in development. *Chapters on development theory, cultural and societal diversity, the political geography of postindependence Africa, economic integration, and the geography of poverty. *Substantially revised coverage of gender dynamics, urban living environments, mineral and energy resources, and many other topics. *Many of the 200+ maps, graphs, tables, and photographs are new or updated. Pedagogical Features Include: *Vignettes in every chapter that provide detailed case studies from a variety of countries and elaborate on key concepts. *Recommendations for further reading on each topic, including print and online sources. *Downloadable PowerPoint slides of all original figures, photos, and tables. *An extensive glossary. |
| cameroon official language: Shallow Equality and Symbolic Jurisprudence in Multilingual Legal Orders Janny H.C. Leung, 2019-01-28 What challenges face jurisdictions that attempt to conduct law in two or more languages? How does choosing a legal language affect the way in which justice is delivered? Answers to these questions are vital for the 75 officially bilingual and multilingual states of the world, as well as for other states contemplating a move towards multilingualism. Arguably such questions have implications for all countries in a world characterized by the pressures of globalization, economic integration, population mobility, decolonization, and linguistic re-colonization. For lawyers, addressing such challenges is made essential by the increased frequency and scale of transnational legal dealings and proceedings, as well as by the lengthening reach of international law. But it is not only policy makers, legislators, and other legal practitioners who must think about such questions. The relationship between societal multilingualism and law also raises questions for the burgeoning field of language and law, which posits--among other tenets--the centrality of language in legal processes. In this book, Janny H.C. Leung examines key aspects of legal multilingualism. Drawing extensively on case studies, she describes the implications of the legal, practical, and ideological dilemmas encountered in a given country when it becomes bilingual or multilingual, discussing such issues as: how legal certainty and the linguistic ideology of authenticity may be challenged in a multilingual jurisdiction; how courts balance the language preferences of different courtroom participants; and what historical, socio-political and economic factors may influence the decision to cement a given language as a jurisdiction's official language. Throughout, Leung elaborates a theory of symbolic jurisprudence to explore common dilemmas found across countries, despite their varied political and cultural settings, and argues that linguistic equality as proclaimed and practiced today is a shallow kind of equality. Although officially multilingual jurisdictions appear to be more inclusive than their monolingual counterparts, they run the risk of disguising substantive inequalities and displacing real efforts for more progressive social change. This is the first book to offer overarching discussion of how such issues relate to each other, and the first systematic study of legal multilingualism as a global phenomenon. |
| cameroon official language: Defining New Idioms and Alternative Forms of Expression , 2022-05-16 This first volume of ASNEL Papers gathers together a broad range of reflections on, and presentations of, the social and expressive underpinnings of post-colonial literary cultures, concentrating on aspects of orality, social structure and hybridity, the role of women in cultural production, performative and media representations (theatre, film, advertising) and their institutional forms, and the linguistic basis of literature (including questions of multilingualism, pidgins and creoles, and translation). Some of the present studies adopt a diachronic approach, as in essays devoted to European colonial influences on African literatures, the populist colonial roots of Australian drama, and the intersection of exogenous and autochthonous languages in the cultural development and identity formation of Cameroon, Tanzania and the Swahili-speaking regions of Africa. Broadly synchronic perspectives (which nevertheless take cognizance of developmental determinants) range over dominant genres — poetry, short fiction and the novel, children's literature, theatre, film - and cover indigene literatures (Australian Aboriginal, Maori, First Nations) and regional creativity in West, East and South Africa, the Caribbean, India and the South-East Asian diaspora, and the settler colonies of Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Authors treated within broader frameworks include Chinua Achebe, 'Biyi Bandele-Thomas, Bole Butake, Shashi Deshpande, Louis Esson, Lorna Goodison, Patricia Grace, Bland Holt, Keri Hulme, Witi Ihimaera, Kazuo Ishiguro, Rita Kleinhart, Hanif Kureishi, Werewere Liking, Timothy Mo, V.S. Naipaul, Salman Rushdie, and Ruby Slipperjack. There are self-testimonies from the writers Geoff Goodfellow, Darrelyn Gunzburg and Don Mattera, poems by David Dabydeen, Geoff Goodfellow and Olive Senior. Of particular value to this collection are the perspectives offered by African, Caribbean and Eastern European contributors. |
Cameroon - Wikipedia
Cameroon, [a] officially the Republic of Cameroon, [b] is a country in Central Africa. It shares boundaries with Nigeria to the west and north, Chad to the northeast, the Central African …
Cameroon | Culture, History, Language, Maps, Capital, & People …
5 days ago · Cameroon, country lying at the junction of western and central Africa. Its ethnically diverse population is among the most urban in western Africa. The capital is Yaoundé, located …
Cameroon - The World Factbook
Jun 10, 2025 · Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.
Cameroon country profile - BBC News
Mar 9, 2023 · Cameroon is often known as "Africa in miniature" because of its geographical and cultural diversity. The country has one of the highest literacy rates in Africa but its economic …
All About Cameroon - Africa.com
Jan 22, 2025 · The Republic of Cameroon is a west African country bordered by Chad to the northeast, the Central African Republic to the east, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the …
Cameroon - Country Profile - Nations Online Project
The capital city of Cameroon has a population of approximately 3 million people (in 2019), it is the country's second largest city after the port city of Douala. A virtual guide to Cameroon, the …
Cameroon | Culture, Facts & Travel - CountryReports
Jun 10, 2025 · Shaped like an irregular triangle, Cameroon extends north-eastward from the Gulf of Guinea to Lake Chad, and borders six coastal and inland countries: Nigeria to the …
Cameroon: People, Culture, Geography & Language - African …
Located in Africa, Cameroon is a captivating country that offers a wealth of experiences. From its breathtaking landscapes and warm-hearted locals to its vibrant culture and storied history, …
Cameroon Maps & Facts - World Atlas
Feb 24, 2021 · Cameroon is a Central African country covering an area of 475,442 sq. km. Cameroon is sometimes called "Africa in miniature" as it features a variety of geographical …
Cameroon | Facts & Information - Infoplease
Sep 9, 2022 · Check out our country profile, full of essential information about Cameroon's geography, history, government, economy, population, culture, religion and languages. If that's …
Cameroon - Wikipedia
Cameroon, [a] officially the Republic of Cameroon, [b] is a country in Central Africa. It shares boundaries with Nigeria to the west and north, Chad to the northeast, the Central African …
Cameroon | Culture, History, Language, Maps, Capital, & People
5 days ago · Cameroon, country lying at the junction of western and central Africa. Its ethnically diverse population is among the most urban in western Africa. The capital is Yaoundé, located …
Cameroon - The World Factbook
Jun 10, 2025 · Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.
Cameroon country profile - BBC News
Mar 9, 2023 · Cameroon is often known as "Africa in miniature" because of its geographical and cultural diversity. The country has one of the highest literacy rates in Africa but its economic …
All About Cameroon - Africa.com
Jan 22, 2025 · The Republic of Cameroon is a west African country bordered by Chad to the northeast, the Central African Republic to the east, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the …
Cameroon - Country Profile - Nations Online Project
The capital city of Cameroon has a population of approximately 3 million people (in 2019), it is the country's second largest city after the port city of Douala. A virtual guide to Cameroon, the …
Cameroon | Culture, Facts & Travel - CountryReports
Jun 10, 2025 · Shaped like an irregular triangle, Cameroon extends north-eastward from the Gulf of Guinea to Lake Chad, and borders six coastal and inland countries: Nigeria to the …
Cameroon: People, Culture, Geography & Language - African …
Located in Africa, Cameroon is a captivating country that offers a wealth of experiences. From its breathtaking landscapes and warm-hearted locals to its vibrant culture and storied history, …
Cameroon Maps & Facts - World Atlas
Feb 24, 2021 · Cameroon is a Central African country covering an area of 475,442 sq. km. Cameroon is sometimes called "Africa in miniature" as it features a variety of geographical …
Cameroon | Facts & Information - Infoplease
Sep 9, 2022 · Check out our country profile, full of essential information about Cameroon's geography, history, government, economy, population, culture, religion and languages. If that's …
