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| cardano mathematician duels: Complex Numbers and Vectors Les Evans, 2006 Complex Numbers and Vectors draws on the power of intrigue and uses appealing applications from navigation, global positioning systems, earthquakes, circus acts and stories from mathematical history to explain the mathematics of vectors and the discoveries of complex numbers. The text includes historical and background material, discussion of key concepts, skills and processes, commentary on teaching and learning approaches, comprehensive illustrative examples with related tables, graphs and diagrams throughout, references for each chapter (text and web-based), student activities and sample solution notes, and an extensive bibliography. |
| cardano mathematician duels: The Secret Formula Fabio Toscano, 2024-12-03 The legendary Renaissance math duel that ushered in the modern age of algebra The Secret Formula tells the story of two Renaissance mathematicians whose jealousies, intrigues, and contentious debates led to the discovery of a formula for the solution of the cubic equation. Niccolò Tartaglia was a talented and ambitious teacher who possessed a secret formula—the key to unlocking a seemingly unsolvable, two-thousand-year-old mathematical problem. He wrote it down in the form of a poem to prevent other mathematicians from stealing it. Gerolamo Cardano was a physician, gifted scholar, and notorious gambler who would not hesitate to use flattery and even trickery to learn Tartaglia's secret. Set against the backdrop of sixteenth-century Italy, The Secret Formula provides new and compelling insights into the peculiarities of Renaissance mathematics while bringing a turbulent and culturally vibrant age to life. It was an era when mathematicians challenged each other in intellectual duels held outdoors before enthusiastic crowds. Success not only enhanced the winner's reputation, but could result in prize money and professional acclaim. After hearing of Tartaglia's spectacular victory in one such contest in Venice, Cardano invited him to Milan, determined to obtain his secret by whatever means necessary. Cardano's intrigues paid off. In 1545, he was the first to publish a general solution of the cubic equation. Tartaglia, eager to take his revenge by establishing his superiority as the most brilliant mathematician of the age, challenged Cardano to the ultimate mathematical duel. A lively account of genius, betrayal, and all-too-human failings, The Secret Formula reveals the epic rivalry behind one of the fundamental ideas of modern algebra. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Duel at Dawn Amir Alexander, 2011-10-15 In the fog of a Paris dawn in 1832, variste Galois, the 20-year-old founder of modern algebra, was shot and killed in a duel. That gunshot, suggests Amir Alexander, marked the end of one era in mathematics and the beginning of another. Arguing that not even the purest mathematics can be separated from its cultural background, Alexander shows how popular stories about mathematicians are really morality tales about their craft as it relates to the world. In the eighteenth century, Alexander says, mathematicians were idealized as child-like, eternally curious, and uniquely suited to reveal the hidden harmonies of the world. But in the nineteenth century, brilliant mathematicians like Galois became Romantic heroes like poets, artists, and musicians. The ideal mathematician was now an alienated loner, driven to despondency by an uncomprehending world. A field that had been focused on the natural world now sought to create its own reality. Higher mathematics became a world unto itselfÑpure and governed solely by the laws of reason. In this strikingly original book that takes us from Paris to St. Petersburg, Norway to Transylvania, Alexander introduces us to national heroes and outcasts, innocents, swindlers, and martyrsÐall uncommonly gifted creators of modern mathematics. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Trilogy Of Numbers And Arithmetic - Book 1: History Of Numbers And Arithmetic: An Information Perspective Mark Burgin, 2022-04-22 The book is the first in the trilogy which will bring you to the fascinating world of numbers and operations with them. Numbers provide information about myriads of things. Together with operations, numbers constitute arithmetic forming in basic intellectual instruments of theoretical and practical activity of people and offering powerful tools for representation, acquisition, transmission, processing, storage, and management of information about the world.The history of numbers and arithmetic is the topic of a variety of books and at the same time, it is extensively presented in many books on the history of mathematics. However, all of them, at best, bring the reader to the end of the 19th century without including the developments in these areas in the 20th century and later. Besides, such books consider and describe only the most popular classes of numbers, such as whole numbers or real numbers. At the same time, a diversity of new classes of numbers and arithmetic were introduced in the 20th century.This book looks into the chronicle of numbers and arithmetic from ancient times all the way to 21st century. It also includes the developments in these areas in the 20th century and later. A unique aspect of this book is its information orientation of the exposition of the history of numbers and arithmetic. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Mathematics in Society and History S. Restivo, 2013-12-01 This is the first book by a sociologist devoted exclusively to a general sociology of mathematics. The author provides examples of different ways of thinking about mathematics sociologically. The survey of mathematical traditions covers ancient China, the Arabic-Islamic world, India, and Europe. Following the leads of classical social theorists such as Emile Durkheim, Restivo develops the idea that mathematical concepts and ideas are collective representations, and that it is mathematical communities that create mathematics, not individual mathematicians. The implications of the sociology of mathematics, and especially of pure mathematics, for a sociology of mind are also explored. In general, the author's objective is to explore, conjecture, suggest, and stimulate in order to introduce the sociological perspective on mathematics, and to broaden and deepen the still narrow, shallow path that today carries the sociology of mathematics. This book will interest specialists in the philosophy, history, and sociology of mathematics, persons interested in mathematics education, students of science and society, and people interested in current developments in the social and cultural analysis of science and mathematics. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Reflections: The Magic, Music And Mathematics Of Raymond Smullyan Raymond M Smullyan, 2015-04-23 This is an exciting if not rambling account of events of Raymond Smullyan's four lives — as a mathematical logician, musician, magician, and author — together with thoughts that come to his mind as he recalls them. This book includes topics from some of Smullyan's twenty-six books, as well as many of his favorite anecdotes and jokes. It also presents some generalizations of theorems of the great logicians Gödel and Tarski, and discusses logic in general, and how he won his wife with a logic trick! Smullyan also relates some of his teaching experiences, and expresses his views on mathematical education, and how our present textbooks are primarily responsible for its decline! About his life as a pianist, Smullyan relates a good deal about his experiences with the Piano Society — a wonderful organization to which he is a staunch contributor, and how he has had such delightful relations with many of its members. Last but not least, Smullyan recounts how he has known some lovely ladies over the years. |
| cardano mathematician duels: A Mathematical Tour of Functions Jorge Alberto Calvo, 2013-07-29 Welcome to our mathematical tour! The theme of this book centers around the concept of function, a mathematical idea that has become increasingly important over the past two centuries. In these pages, you will read about many of the topics commonly covered in courses with impressive-sounding titles like College Algebra, Trigonometry, and Precalculus. It is my hope that after reading this book you will be prepared -- and perhaps even want -- to move on to a course in Calculus. This book was originally written as a blueprint for a university-level course satisfying the core curriculum and emphasizing the liberal arts identity at Ave Maria University. |
| cardano mathematician duels: 99 Variations on a Proof Philip Ording, 2021-10-19 An exploration of mathematical style through 99 different proofs of the same theorem This book offers a multifaceted perspective on mathematics by demonstrating 99 different proofs of the same theorem. Each chapter solves an otherwise unremarkable equation in distinct historical, formal, and imaginative styles that range from Medieval, Topological, and Doggerel to Chromatic, Electrostatic, and Psychedelic. With a rare blend of humor and scholarly aplomb, Philip Ording weaves these variations into an accessible and wide-ranging narrative on the nature and practice of mathematics. Inspired by the experiments of the Paris-based writing group known as the Oulipo—whose members included Raymond Queneau, Italo Calvino, and Marcel Duchamp—Ording explores new ways to examine the aesthetic possibilities of mathematical activity. 99 Variations on a Proof is a mathematical take on Queneau’s Exercises in Style, a collection of 99 retellings of the same story, and it draws unexpected connections to everything from mysticism and technology to architecture and sign language. Through diagrams, found material, and other imagery, Ording illustrates the flexibility and creative potential of mathematics despite its reputation for precision and rigor. Readers will gain not only a bird’s-eye view of the discipline and its major branches but also new insights into its historical, philosophical, and cultural nuances. Readers, no matter their level of expertise, will discover in these proofs and accompanying commentary surprising new aspects of the mathematical landscape. |
| cardano mathematician duels: A Little History of Mathematics Snezana Lawrence, 2025-05-13 A lively, accessible history of mathematics throughout the ages and across the globe Mathematics is fundamental to our daily lives. Science, computing, economics—all aspects of modern life rely on some kind of maths. But how did our ancestors think about numbers? How did they use mathematics to explain and understand the world around them? Where do numbers even come from? In this Little History, Snezana Lawrence traces the fascinating history of mathematics, from the Egyptians and Babylonians to Renaissance masters and enigma codebreakers. Like literature, music, or philosophy, mathematics has a rich history of breakthroughs, creativity and experimentation. And its story is a global one. We see Chinese Mathematical Art from 200 BCE, the invention of algebra in Baghdad’s House of Wisdom, and sangaku geometrical theorems at Japanese shrines. Lawrence goes beyond the familiar names of Newton and Pascal, exploring the prominent role women have played in the history of maths, including Emmy Noether and Maryam Mirzakhani. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Tales of Mathematicians and Physicists Simon Gindikin, 2007-04-26 This revised and greatly expanded second edition of the Russian text contains a wealth of new information about the lives and accomplishments of more than a dozen scientists throughout five centuries of history: from the first steps in algebra up to new achievements in geometry in connection with physics. The heroes of the book are renowned figures from early eras, as well some scientists of last century. A unique mixture of mathematics, physics, and history, this volume provides biographical glimpses of scientists and their contributions in the context of the social and political background of their times. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Tales of Physicists and Mathematicians Simon Gindikin, 2013-12-01 This revised and greatly expanded second edition of the classic Russian text Tales of Mathematicians and Physicists contains a wealth of new information about the lives and accomplishments of more than a dozen scientists throughout history. Included are individuals from the late nineteenth century: Klein, Poincaré, Ramanujan, and Penrose, as well as renowned figures from earlier eras, such as Leibniz, Euler, Lagrange, and Laplace. A unique mixture of mathematics, physics, and history, this volume provides biographical glimpses of scientists and their contributions in the context of the social and political background of their times. The author examines many original sources, from the scientists’ research papers to their personal documents and letters to friends and family; furthermore, detailed mathematical arguments and diagrams are supplied to help explain some of the most significant discoveries in calculus, celestial mechanics, number theory, and modern relativity. What emerges are intriguing, multifaceted studies of a number of remarkable intellectuals and their scientific legacy. Written by a distinguished mathematician and accessible to readers at all levels, this book is a wonderful resource for both students and teachers and a welcome introduction to the history of science. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Mathematical Encounters and Pedagogical Detours Boris Koichu, Rina Zazkis, 2021-02-04 This book explores the idea that mathematics educators and teachers are also problem solvers and learners, and as such they constantly experience mathematical and pedagogical disturbances. Accordingly, many original tasks and learning activities are results of personal mathematical and pedagogical disturbances of their designers, who then transpose these disturbances into learning opportunities for their students. This learning-transposition process is a cornerstone of mathematics teacher education as a lived, developing enterprise. Mathematical Encounters and Pedagogical Detours unfold the process and illustrate it by various examples. The book engages readers in original tasks, shares the results of task implementation and describes how these results inform the development of new tasks, which often intertwine mathematics and pedagogy. Most importantly, the book includes a dialogue between the authors based on the stories of their own learning, which triggers continuous exploration of learning opportunities for their students. |
| cardano mathematician duels: The Art of More Michael Brooks, 2022-01-18 An illuminating, millennia-spanning history of the impact mathematics has had on the world, and the fascinating people who have mastered its inherent power Counting is not innate to our nature, and without education humans can rarely count past three — beyond that, it’s just “more.” But once harnessed by our ancestors, the power of numbers allowed humanity to flourish in ways that continue to lead to discoveries and enrich our lives today. Ancient tax collectors used basic numeracy to fuel the growth of early civilization, navigators used clever geometrical tricks to engage in trade and connect people across vast distances, astronomers used logarithms to unlock the secrets of the heavens, and their descendants put them to use to land us on the moon. In every case, mathematics has proved to be a greatly underappreciated engine of human progress. In this captivating, sweeping history, Michael Brooks acts as our guide through the ages. He makes the case that mathematics was one of the foundational innovations that catapulted humanity from a nomadic existence to civilization, and that it has since then been instrumental in every great leap of humankind. Here are ancient Egyptian priests, Babylonian bureaucrats, medieval architects, dueling Swiss brothers, renaissance painters, and an eccentric professor who invented the infrastructure of the online world. Their stories clearly demonstrate that the invention of mathematics was every bit as important to the human species as was the discovery of fire. From first page to last, The Art of More brings mathematics back into the heart of what it means to be human. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Great Feuds in Mathematics Hal Hellman, 2010-12-17 Praise for Hal Hellman Great Feuds in Mathematics Those who think that mathematicians are cold, mechanical proving machines will do well to read Hellman's book on conflicts in mathematics. The main characters are as excitable and touchy as the next man. But Hellman's stories also show how scientific fights bring out sharper formulations and better arguments. -Professor Dirk van Dalen, Philosophy Department, Utrecht University Great Feuds in Technology There's nothing like a good feud to grab your attention. And when it comes to describing the battle, Hal Hellman is a master. -New Scientist Great Feuds in Science Unusual insight into the development of science . . . I was excited by this book and enthusiastically recommend it to general as well as scientific audiences. -American Scientist Hellman has assembled a series of entertaining tales . . . many fine examples of heady invective without parallel in our time. -Nature Great Feuds in Medicine This engaging book documents [the] reactions in ten of the most heated controversies and rivalries in medical history. . . . The disputes detailed are . . . fascinating. . . . It is delicious stuff here. -The New York Times Stimulating. -Journal of the American Medical Association |
| cardano mathematician duels: The French Mathematician Tom Petsinis, 2000 Rich in historical detail and bursting with intellectual passion, this captivating novel describes a genius's valiant quest for truth in post-Napoleon France, a turbulent and uncertain era that in many ways mirrors the world today. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Weirdest Maths David Darling, Agnijo Banerjee, 2021-02-04 Maths is everywhere, in everything. It’s in the finest margins of modern sport. It’s in the electrical pulses of our hearts and the flight of every bird. It is our key to secret messages, lost languages and perhaps even the shape of the universe of itself. David Darling and Agnijo Banerjee reveal the mathematics at the farthest reaches of our world – from its role in the plots of novels to how animals employ numerical skills to survive. Along the way they explore what makes a genius, why a seemingly simple problem can confound the best and brightest for decades, and what might be the great discovery of the twenty-first century. As Bertrand Russell once said, ‘mathematics, rightly viewed, possesses not only truth, but supreme beauty’. Banerjee and Darling make sure we see it right again. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists Vinh Phu Nguyen, 2025-01-28 A majority of mathematics textbooks are written in a rigorous, concise, dry, and boring way. On the other hands, there exist excellent, engaging, fun-to-read popular math books. The problem with these popular books is the lack of mathematics itself. This book is a blend of both. It provides a mathematics book to read, to engage with, and to understand the whys — the story behind the theorems. Written by an engineer, not a mathematician, who struggled to learn math in high school and in university, this book explains in an informal voice the mathematics that future and current engineering and science students need to acquire. If we learn math to understand it, to enjoy it, not to pass a test or an exam, we all learn math better and there is no such a thing that we call math phobia. With a slow pace and this book, everyone can learn math and use it, as the author did at the age of 40 and with a family to take care of. |
| cardano mathematician duels: A Brief History of Infinity Brian Clegg, 2013-02-07 'Space is big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the street to the chemist, but that's just peanuts to space.' Douglas Adams, Hitch-hiker's Guide to the Galaxy We human beings have trouble with infinity - yet infinity is a surprisingly human subject. Philosophers and mathematicians have gone mad contemplating its nature and complexity - yet it is a concept routinely used by schoolchildren. Exploring the infinite is a journey into paradox. Here is a quantity that turns arithmetic on its head, making it feasible that 1 = 0. Here is a concept that enables us to cram as many extra guests as we like into an already full hotel. Most bizarrely of all, it is quite easy to show that there must be something bigger than infinity - when it surely should be the biggest thing that could possibly be. Brian Clegg takes us on a fascinating tour of that borderland between the extremely large and the ultimate that takes us from Archimedes, counting the grains of sand that would fill the universe, to the latest theories on the physical reality of the infinite. Full of unexpected delights, whether St Augustine contemplating the nature of creation, Newton and Leibniz battling over ownership of calculus, or Cantor struggling to publicise his vision of the transfinite, infinity's fascination is in the way it brings together the everyday and the extraordinary, prosaic daily life and the esoteric. Whether your interest in infinity is mathematical, philosophical, spiritual or just plain curious, this accessible book offers a stimulating and entertaining read. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Alex's Adventures in Numberland Alex Bellos, 2011-04-04 The world of maths can seem mind-boggling, irrelevant and, let's face it, boring. This groundbreaking book reclaims maths from the geeks. Mathematical ideas underpin just about everything in our lives: from the surprising geometry of the 50p piece to how probability can help you win in any casino. In search of weird and wonderful mathematical phenomena, Alex Bellos travels across the globe and meets the world's fastest mental calculators in Germany and a startlingly numerate chimpanzee in Japan. Packed with fascinating, eye-opening anecdotes, Alex's Adventures in Numberland is an exhilarating cocktail of history, reportage and mathematical proofs that will leave you awestruck. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Cracking Mathematics Colin Beveridge, 2016-08-11 This comprehensive guide covers the history and development of mathematics, from the Ancient Egyptians and Pythagoreans to key figures such as Galileo, Dodgson, Babbage and Lovelace through to contemporary work of the 21st century. It tells of the remarkable stories that have shaped mathematics and also features sections on how maths can be used to solve the mysteries of the universe, what the Prisoner's Dilemma is as well as Fermat's Last Theorem amongst many more. Accessible, well-informed and fully-illustrated, this is a book that shows perfectly just how varied and fascinating mathematics is as a subject. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Renaissance Knowledge Transfer Logan Rodriguez, AI, 2025-05-05 Renaissance Knowledge Transfer delves into how Europe, recovering from hardship, sparked an era of intellectual and artistic growth. It examines how scientific and artistic ideas rapidly spread, transforming society and setting the stage for the modern world. The book highlights that the Renaissance wasn't merely a revival of classical antiquity. Instead, it was a dynamic adaptation, innovation, and dissemination of knowledge. The rise of humanism, which emphasized human potential, played a crucial role, as did revolutionary technologies like the printing press, which enabled mass distribution of ideas. The book explores key channels of knowledge transmission, such as universities, libraries, and artistic workshops. It investigates the spread of scientific ideas in fields like astronomy and medicine, as well as the diffusion of artistic techniques. By starting with the historical context and key concepts, it then moves to specific examples, ultimately assessing the long-term impact of Renaissance knowledge transfer and its relevance to modern cultural exchange. This approach allows readers to appreciate the complex interplay between inherited wisdom and novel discoveries during the European Renaissance. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Mathematical Masterpieces Art Knoebel, Reinhard Laubenbacher, Jerry Lodder, David Pengelley, 2007-10-16 Intended for juniors and seniors majoring in mathematics, as well as anyone pursuing independent study, this book traces the historical development of four different mathematical concepts by presenting readers with the original sources. Each chapter showcases a masterpiece of mathematical achievement, anchored to a sequence of selected primary sources. The authors examine the interplay between the discrete and continuous, with a focus on sums of powers. They then delineate the development of algorithms by Newton, Simpson and Smale. Next they explore our modern understanding of curvature, and finally they look at the properties of prime numbers. The book includes exercises, numerous photographs, and an annotated bibliography. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Abel's Proof Peter Pesic, 2004-02-27 The intellectual and human story of a mathematical proof that transformed our ideas about mathematics. In 1824 a young Norwegian named Niels Henrik Abel proved conclusively that algebraic equations of the fifth order are not solvable in radicals. In this book Peter Pesic shows what an important event this was in the history of thought. He also presents it as a remarkable human story. Abel was twenty-one when he self-published his proof, and he died five years later, poor and depressed, just before the proof started to receive wide acclaim. Abel's attempts to reach out to the mathematical elite of the day had been spurned, and he was unable to find a position that would allow him to work in peace and marry his fiancé. But Pesic's story begins long before Abel and continues to the present day, for Abel's proof changed how we think about mathematics and its relation to the real world. Starting with the Greeks, who invented the idea of mathematical proof, Pesic shows how mathematics found its sources in the real world (the shapes of things, the accounting needs of merchants) and then reached beyond those sources toward something more universal. The Pythagoreans' attempts to deal with irrational numbers foreshadowed the slow emergence of abstract mathematics. Pesic focuses on the contested development of algebra—which even Newton resisted—and the gradual acceptance of the usefulness and perhaps even beauty of abstractions that seem to invoke realities with dimensions outside human experience. Pesic tells this story as a history of ideas, with mathematical details incorporated in boxes. The book also includes a new annotated translation of Abel's original proof. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Mathematics in Historical Context Jeff Suzuki, 2009-08-27 What would Newton see if he looked out his bedroom window? This book describes the world around the important mathematicians of the past, and explores the complex interaction between mathematics, mathematicians, and society. It takes the reader on a grand tour of history from the ancient Egyptians to the twentieth century to show how mathematicians and mathematics were affected by the outside world, and at the same time how the outside world was affected by mathematics and mathematicians. Part biography, part mathematics, and part history, this book provides the interested layperson the background to understand mathematics and the history of mathematics, and is suitable for supplemental reading in any history of mathematics course. |
| cardano mathematician duels: The Ellipse Arthur Mazer, 2011-09-26 Explores the development of the ellipse and presents mathematical concepts within a rich, historical context The Ellipse features a unique, narrative approach when presenting the development of this mathematical fixture, revealing its parallels to mankind's advancement from the Counter-Reformation to the Enlightenment. Incorporating illuminating historical background and examples, the author brings together basic concepts from geometry, algebra, trigonometry, and calculus to uncover the ellipse as the shape of a planet's orbit around the sun. The book begins with a discussion that tells the story of man's pursuit of the ellipse, from Aristarchus to Newton's successful unveiling nearly two millenniums later. The narrative draws insightful similarities between mathematical developments and the advancement of the Greeks, Romans, Medieval Europe, and Renaissance Europe. The author begins each chapter by setting the historical backdrop that is pertinent to the mathematical material that is discussed, equipping readers with the knowledge to fully grasp the presented examples and derive the ellipse as the planetary pathway. All topics are presented in both historical and mathematical contexts, and additional mathematical excursions are clearly marked so that readers have a guidepost for the materials' relevance to the development of the ellipse. The Ellipse is an excellent book for courses on the history of mathematics at the undergraduate level. It is also a fascinating reference for mathematicians, engineers, or anyone with a general interest in historical mathematics. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Numericon Marianne Freiberger, Rachel Thomas, 2015-03-10 Numericon tells the stories of the numbers, mathematical discoveries, oddities and personalities that have shaped the way we understand the world around us. Each chapter is its own story about a number: why 12 is a sublime number, why 13 is unlucky and 7 lucky, and how imaginary numbers hold up buildings. The book tells the stories of ancient mathematicians, ground-breaking discoveries and mathematical applications that affect our world and our lives in so many ways. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Math in Drag Kyne Santos, 2024-03-05 Unleash your inner math diva. Join sensational drag queen Kyne Santos on an extraordinary journey through the glamorous world of . . . math? This sassy book is your VIP pass, taking you behind the scenes with a TikTok superstar who shatters stereotypes and proves that math can be fascinating and fun, even for people who think they aren't good at it. With her irreverent style and unique perspective, Kyne investigates mathematical mysteries while educating us about the art of drag. She explores surprising connections, such as the elegance of ballroom culture and the nature of infinity, the rebellious joys of Pride and dividing by zero, and the role of statistics in her own experience on Drag Race. Kyne gets personal while sharing her experiences as a queer person forging a path in STEM, overcoming obstacles to stay fierce, stay real, and thrive! She empowers readers of all skill levels to break school rules, question everything, and embrace math's beauty. In Math in Drag, numbers glitter, equations sashay through history, and inclusivity is a celebration. Read it to fire your excitement and unleash your inner math diva! |
| cardano mathematician duels: The Invention of Science David Wootton, 2015-12-08 This “fantastic revisionist history . . . captures the excitement of the scientific revolution and makes a point of celebrating the advances it ushered in” (Financial Times). We live in a world transformed by scientific discovery. In The Invention of Science, historian David Wootton reveals why the Scientific Revolution was truly the greatest event in our history. Spanning continents and centuries, Wootton chronicles the factors that led to this crucial transformation, and the fascinating people who made it happen. Wootton argues that the Scientific Revolution was actually five separate yet concurrent events that merged to create a new worldview. Here are the brilliant iconoclasts—Galileo, Copernicus, Brahe, Newton, and many more curious minds from across Europe—whose studies of the natural world challenged centuries of religious orthodoxy and ingrained superstition. From gunpowder technology, the discovery of the new world, movable type printing, perspective painting, and the telescope to the practice of conducting experiments, the laws of nature, and the concept of the fact, Wootton shows how these discoveries codified into a social construct and a system of knowledge. Ultimately, he makes clear the link between scientific discovery and the rise of industrialization—and the birth of the modern world we know. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Miracles, Mystics, Mathematicians Sasho Kalajdzievski, 2023-11-30 Miracles, Mystics, Mathematicians: Searching for Deep Reality focuses on the lives and writings of some of history’s most influential mathematicians and the impact that their mystical beliefs had on their lives and on their mathematical work. Modern biographers often cleanse the lives of renowned scientists of any hint of mysticism or occultism. Such threads are sometimes regarded as relics of the superstitious past; flaws that need to be hushed up, marginalized, or reinterpreted. This book represents a minor attempt to push back against this tendency and to examine these aspects of the history of mathematics with seriousness and intellectual curiosity. Features A breadth of scope covering many centuries Suitable for anyone interested in mathematics, history, philosophy, paranormal phenomena, psi-research, mysticism, or in any combination of the above An almost unique account of known histories, examined from a new vantage point Sasho Kalajdzievski is a Senior Scholar in the Department of Mathematics at the University of Manitoba. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Johannes Petreius (c. 1497-1550) Anthony Grafton, 1998 |
| cardano mathematician duels: The Four Corners of Mathematics Thomas Waters, 2024-12-02 The Four Corners of Mathematics: A Brief History, from Pythagoras to Perelman describes the historical development of the ‘big ideas’ in mathematics in an accessible and intuitive manner. In delivering this bird's-eye view of the history of mathematics, the author uses engaging diagrams and images to communicate complex concepts while also exploring the details of the main results and methods of high-level mathematics. As such, this book involves some equations and terminology, but the only assumption on the readers’ knowledge is A-level or high school mathematics. Features Divided into four parts, covering Geometry, Algebra, Calculus and Topology Presents high-level mathematics in a visual and accessible way with numerous examples and over 250 illustrations Includes several novel and intuitive proofs of big theorems, so even the nonexpert reader can appreciate them Sketches of the lives of important contributors, with an emphasis on often overlooked female mathematicians and those who had to struggle. |
| cardano mathematician duels: A Decade of the Berkeley Math Circle Zvezdelina Stankova, Tom Rike, 2015-02-03 Many mathematicians have been drawn to mathematics through their experience with math circles. The Berkeley Math Circle (BMC) started in 1998 as one of the very first math circles in the U.S. Over the last decade and a half, 100 instructors--university professors, business tycoons, high school teachers, and more--have shared their passion for mathematics by delivering over 800 BMC sessions on the UC Berkeley campus every week during the school year. This second volume of the book series is based on a dozen of these sessions, encompassing a variety of enticing and stimulating mathematical topics, some new and some continuing from Volume I: from dismantling Rubik's Cube and randomly putting it back together to solving it with the power of group theory;from raising knot-eating machines and letting Alexander the Great cut the Gordian Knot to breaking through knot theory via the Jones polynomial;from entering a seemingly hopeless infinite raffle to becoming friendly with multiplicative functions in the land of Dirichlet, Möbius, and Euler;from leading an army of jumping fleas in an old problem from the International Mathematical Olympiads to improving our own essay-writing strategies;from searching for optimal paths on a hot summer day to questioning whether Archimedes was on his way to discovering trigonometry 2000 years ago Do some of these scenarios sound bizarre, having never before been associated with mathematics? Mathematicians love having fun while doing serious mathematics and that love is what this book intends to share with the reader. Whether at a beginner, an intermediate, or an advanced level, anyone can find a place here to be provoked to think deeply and to be inspired to create. In the interest of fostering a greater awareness and appreciation of mathematics and its connections to other disciplines and everyday life, MSRI and the AMS are publishing books in the Mathematical Circles Library series as a service to young people, their parents and teachers, and the mathematics profession. Titles in this series are co-published with the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI). |
| cardano mathematician duels: Language and the Rise of the Algorithm Jeffrey M. Binder, 2022-12-06 A wide-ranging history of the algorithm. Bringing together the histories of mathematics, computer science, and linguistic thought, Language and the Rise of the Algorithm reveals how recent developments in artificial intelligence are reopening an issue that troubled mathematicians well before the computer age: How do you draw the line between computational rules and the complexities of making systems comprehensible to people? By attending to this question, we come to see that the modern idea of the algorithm is implicated in a long history of attempts to maintain a disciplinary boundary separating technical knowledge from the languages people speak day to day. Here Jeffrey M. Binder offers a compelling tour of four visions of universal computation that addressed this issue in very different ways: G. W. Leibniz’s calculus ratiocinator; a universal algebra scheme Nicolas de Condorcet designed during the French Revolution; George Boole’s nineteenth-century logic system; and the early programming language ALGOL, short for algorithmic language. These episodes show that symbolic computation has repeatedly become entangled in debates about the nature of communication. Machine learning, in its increasing dependence on words, erodes the line between technical and everyday language, revealing the urgent stakes underlying this boundary. The idea of the algorithm is a levee holding back the social complexity of language, and it is about to break. This book is about the flood that inspired its construction. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Algebra with the TI-83 Plus & TI-83 Plus SE Brendan Kelly, 2002 |
| cardano mathematician duels: Mathematics: The Quest For Truth And Beauty James D Stein, 2025-04-29 This book tells the stories of some of the great quests of mathematics, such as the centuries-long pursuit for the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. These quests are searches for difficult-to-discover universal truths, pursued with passion not only by mathematicians and scientists, but by kings, emperors and even Jean-Luc Picard, the captain of Star Trek's Starship Enterprise. Some of their exploits are adventures as fascinating as any historical or current-day drama. The truths they have discovered help us understand not only mathematics, but also the Universe — and sometimes, ourselves.In addition to well-known quests such as Fermat's Last Theorem and the Goldbach Conjecture, some of the chapters describe more recent pursuits such as the Traveling Salesman Problem and the Multi-armed Bandit Problem. While some of the quests have been completed, others are still ongoing, and one (the Six Squares Problem) can be understood — and maybe even solved — by a five-year-old child. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Tales of Impossibility David S. Richeson, 2021-11-02 A comprehensive look at four of the most famous problems in mathematics Tales of Impossibility recounts the intriguing story of the renowned problems of antiquity, four of the most famous and studied questions in the history of mathematics. First posed by the ancient Greeks, these compass and straightedge problems—squaring the circle, trisecting an angle, doubling the cube, and inscribing regular polygons in a circle—have served as ever-present muses for mathematicians for more than two millennia. David Richeson follows the trail of these problems to show that ultimately their proofs—which demonstrated the impossibility of solving them using only a compass and straightedge—depended on and resulted in the growth of mathematics. Richeson investigates how celebrated luminaries, including Euclid, Archimedes, Viète, Descartes, Newton, and Gauss, labored to understand these problems and how many major mathematical discoveries were related to their explorations. Although the problems were based in geometry, their resolutions were not, and had to wait until the nineteenth century, when mathematicians had developed the theory of real and complex numbers, analytic geometry, algebra, and calculus. Pierre Wantzel, a little-known mathematician, and Ferdinand von Lindemann, through his work on pi, finally determined the problems were impossible to solve. Along the way, Richeson provides entertaining anecdotes connected to the problems, such as how the Indiana state legislature passed a bill setting an incorrect value for pi and how Leonardo da Vinci made elegant contributions in his own study of these problems. Taking readers from the classical period to the present, Tales of Impossibility chronicles how four unsolvable problems have captivated mathematical thinking for centuries. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Advanced Algebra with the TI-89 Brendan Kelly, 2000 |
| cardano mathematician duels: Mathematical Expeditions Reinhard Laubenbacher, David Pengelley, 2013-12-01 This book contains the stories of five mathematical journeys into new realms, told through the writings of the explorers themselves. Some were guided by mere curiosity and the thrill of adventure, while others had more practical motives. In each case the outcome was a vast expansion of the known mathematical world and the realization that still greater vistas remained to be explored. The authors tell these stories by guiding the reader through the very words of the mathematicians at the heart of these events, and thereby provide insight into the art of approaching mathematical problems. The book can be used in a variety of ways. The five chapters are completely independent, each with varying levels of mathematical sophistication. The book will be enticing to students, to instructors, and to the intellectually curious reader. By working through some of the original sources and supplemental exercises, which discuss and solve - or attempt to solve - a great problem, this book helps the reader discover the roots of modern problems, ideas, and concepts, even whole subjects. Students will also see the obstacles that earlier thinkers had to clear in order to make their respective contributions to five central themes in the evolution of mathematics. |
| cardano mathematician duels: Advanced Algebra Palmer Hampton Graham, Frederick Wallace John, 1929 |
| cardano mathematician duels: The Rise of Science in Islam and the West John W. Livingston, 2017-12-14 This is a study of science in Muslim society from its rise in the 8th century to the efforts of 19th-century Muslim thinkers and reformers to regain the lost ethos that had given birth to the rich scientific heritage of earlier Muslim civilization. The volume is organized in four parts; the rise of science in Muslim society in its historical setting of political and intellectual expansion; the Muslim creative achievement and original discoveries; proponents and opponents of science in a religiously oriented society; and finally the complex factors that account for the end of the 500-year Muslim renaissance. The book brings together and treats in depth, using primary and secondary sources in Arabic, Turkish and European languages, subjects that are lightly and uncritically brushed over in non-specialized literature, such as the question of what can be considered to be purely original scientific advancement in Muslim civilization over and above what was inherited from the Greco–Syriac and Indian traditions; what was the place of science in a religious society; and the question of the curious demise of the Muslim scientific renaissance after centuries of creativity. The book also interprets the history of the rise, achievement and decline of scientific study in light of the religious temper and of the political and socio-economic vicissitudes across Islamdom for over a millennium and integrates the Muslim legacy with the history of Latin/European accomplishments. It sets the stage for the next momentous transmission of science: from the West back to the Arabic-speaking world of Islam, from the last half of the 19th century to the early 21st century, the subject of a second volume. |
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Cardano is a proof-of-stake blockchain platform: the first to be founded on peer-reviewed research and developed through evidence-based methods. It …
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Cardano is a blockchain platform built on the groundbreaking Ouroboros proof-of-stake consensus protocol, and developed using the Haskell …
What is ada? - cardano.org
Ada Is The Native Token Of Cardano. It is named after Ada Lovelace: a 19th-century mathematician who is recognized as the first computer …
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This includes basic explainers for newcomers to Cardano, explanations of the core features, details about Cardano's design and evolution, …
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The Cardano Foundation's blog post "Blockchain for Sustainability" explores how blockchain technology can enhance ecological and …
Home | cardano.org | Cardano
Cardano is a proof-of-stake blockchain platform: the first to be founded on peer-reviewed research and …
Discover Cardano
Cardano is a blockchain platform built on the groundbreaking Ouroboros proof-of-stake …
What is ada? - cardano.org
Ada Is The Native Token Of Cardano. It is named after Ada Lovelace: a 19th-century mathematician …
Introduction | Cardano Docs
This includes basic explainers for newcomers to Cardano, explanations of the core features, details …
Blog | Cardano
The Cardano Foundation's blog post "Blockchain for Sustainability" explores how blockchain technology …
