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| c2 diagram: Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Madalina Croitoru, Pierre Marquis, Sebastian Rudolph, Gem Stapleton, 2018-03-29 This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, GKR 2017, held in Melbourne, VIC, Australia, in August 2017, associated with IJCAI 2017, the 26th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. The 7 revised full papers presented were reviewed and selected from 9 submissions. The contributions address various issues for knowledge representation and reasoning and the common graph-theoretic background allows to bridge the gap between the different communities. |
| c2 diagram: Diagrammatic Representation and Inference Ashok K Goel, Mateja Jamnik, N Hari Narayanan, 2010-07-27 The 6th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Diagrams – Diagrams 2010 – was held in Portland, USA in August 2010. Diagrams is an international and interdisciplinary conference series, which continues to present the very best work in all aspects of research on the theory and application of diagrams. Some key questions that researchers are tackling concern gaining an insight into how diagrams are used, how they are rep- sented, which types are available and when it is appropriate to use them. The use of diagrammatic notations is studied for a variety of purposes including communication, cognition, creative thought, computation and problem-solving. Clearly, this must be pursued as an interdisciplinary endeavor, and Diagrams is the only conference series that provides such a united forum for all areas that are concerned with the study of diagrams: for example, architecture, arti?cial intelligence,cartography,cognitivescience,computer science,education,graphic design, history of science, human–computer interaction, linguistics, logic, ma- ematics, philosophy, psychology, and software modelling. The articles in this volume re?ect this variety and interdisciplinarity of the ?eld. |
| c2 diagram: Diagrammatic Representation and Inference Mateja Jamnik, Yuri Uesaka, Stephanie Elzer Schwartz, 2016-07-25 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th InternationalConference on the Theory and Application of Diagrams, Diagrams 2016,held in Philadelphia, PA, USA, in August 2016. The 12 revised full papers and 11 short papers presented together with 5 posters were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: cognitive aspects of diagrams; logic and diagrams; Euler and Venn diagrams; diagrams and education; design principles for diagrams; diagrams layout. |
| c2 diagram: Theory and Application of Diagrams Michael Anderson, Peter Cheng, Volker Haarslev, 2003-07-31 Diagrams 2000 is dedicated to the memory of Jon Barwise. Diagrams 2000 was the ?rst event in a new interdisciplinary conference series on the Theory and Application of Diagrams. It was held at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, September 1-3, 2000. Driven by the pervasiveness of diagrams in human communication and by the increasing availability of graphical environments in computerized work, the study of diagrammatic notations is emerging as a research ?eld in its own right. This development has simultaneously taken place in several scienti?c disciplines, including, amongst others: cognitive science, arti?cial intelligence, and computer science. Consequently, a number of di?erent workshop series on this topic have been successfully organized during the last few years: Thinking with Diagrams, Theory of Visual Languages, Reasoning with Diagrammatic Representations, and Formalizing Reasoning with Visual and Diagrammatic Representations. Diagrams are simultaneously complex cognitive phenonema and sophis- cated computational artifacts. So, to be successful and relevant the study of diagrams must as a whole be interdisciplinary in nature. Thus, the workshop series mentioned above decided to merge into Diagrams 2000, as the single - terdisciplinary conference for this exciting new ?eld. It is intended that Diagrams 2000 should become the premier international conference series in this area and provide a forum with su?cient breadth of scope to encompass researchers from all academic areas who are studying the nature of diagrammatic representations and their use by humans and in machines. |
| c2 diagram: Visual Group Theory Nathan Carter, 2021-06-08 Recipient of the Mathematical Association of America's Beckenbach Book Prize in 2012! Group theory is the branch of mathematics that studies symmetry, found in crystals, art, architecture, music and many other contexts, but its beauty is lost on students when it is taught in a technical style that is difficult to understand. Visual Group Theory assumes only a high school mathematics background and covers a typical undergraduate course in group theory from a thoroughly visual perspective. The more than 300 illustrations in Visual Group Theory bring groups, subgroups, homomorphisms, products, and quotients into clear view. Every topic and theorem is accompanied with a visual demonstration of its meaning and import, from the basics of groups and subgroups through advanced structural concepts such as semidirect products and Sylow theory. |
| c2 diagram: Diagrammatic Representation and Inference Peter Chapman, Gem Stapleton, Amirouche Moktefi, Sarah Perez-Kriz, Francesco Bellucci, 2018-06-07 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Diagrams, Diagrams 2018, held in Edinburgh, UK, in June 2018. The 26 revised full papers and 28 short papers presented together with 32 posters were carefully reviewed and selected from 124 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: generating and drawing Euler diagrams; diagrams in mathematics; diagram design, principles and classification; reasoning with diagrams; Euler and Venn diagrams; empirical studies and cognition; Peirce and existential graphs; and logic and diagrams. |
| c2 diagram: Combinatorial properties of ladders, generalised Pont-Neuf and caterpillar diagrams in the space of coloured open Jacobi diagrams Frank Ditsche, 2016 This doctoral thesis is a contribution to the analysis of the combinatorics of arbitrarily coloured open Jacobi diagrams and their relationship to Vassiliev invariants. We examine J. Kneissler's five ladder relations and state them in a much more precise way. We also analyse their role in the space of colored open Jacobi diagrams. Then, we establish a sort of machinery - a language together with a toolbox of lemmata, theorems and definitions to build, manipulate and analyse coloured open Jacobi diagrams. With this, we examine the role of generalised Pont-Neuf diagrams and caterpillar diagrams. Lastly we transfer this to the uncolored case, which allows us to show that the space of open Jacobi diagrams up to first Betti number five is already contained in the module of caterpillar diagrams, considered as a module of a certain subset of Vogels' algebra. This means that Vassiliev invariants associated to these degrees do not detect knot orientation. |
| c2 diagram: Scientific Perspectivism Ronald N. Giere, 2010-05-05 Many people assume that the claims of scientists are objective truths. But historians, sociologists, and philosophers of science have long argued that scientific claims reflect the particular historical, cultural, and social context in which those claims were made. The nature of scientific knowledge is not absolute because it is influenced by the practice and perspective of human agents. Scientific Perspectivism argues that the acts of observing and theorizing are both perspectival, and this nature makes scientific knowledge contingent, as Thomas Kuhn theorized forty years ago. Using the example of color vision in humans to illustrate how his theory of “perspectivism” works, Ronald N. Giere argues that colors do not actually exist in objects; rather, color is the result of an interaction between aspects of the world and the human visual system. Giere extends this argument into a general interpretation of human perception and, more controversially, to scientific observation, conjecturing that the output of scientific instruments is perspectival. Furthermore, complex scientific principles—such as Maxwell’s equations describing the behavior of both the electric and magnetic fields—make no claims about the world, but models based on those principles can be used to make claims about specific aspects of the world. Offering a solution to the most contentious debate in the philosophy of science over the past thirty years, Scientific Perspectivism will be of interest to anyone involved in the study of science. |
| c2 diagram: The Congruences of a Finite Lattice George Grätzer, 2023-03-23 The congruences of a lattice form the congruence lattice. Over the last several decades, the study of congruence lattices has established itself as a large and important field with a great number of interesting and deep results, as well as many open problems. Written by one of the leading experts in lattice theory, this text provides a self-contained introduction to congruences of finite lattices and presents the major results of the last 90 years. It features the author’s signature “Proof-by-Picture” method, which is used to convey the ideas behind formal proofs in a visual, more intuitive manner. Key features include: an insightful discussion of techniques to construct nice finite lattices with given congruence lattices and nice congruence-preserving extensions complete proofs, an extensive bibliography and index, and over 180 illustrations additional chapters covering new results of the last seven years, increasing the size of this edition to 430 pages, 360 statements, and 262 references This text is appropriate for a one-semester graduate course in lattice theory, and it will also serve as a valuable reference for researchers studying lattices. Reviews of previous editions: “[This] monograph...is an exceptional work in lattice theory, like all the contributions by this author. The way this book is written makes it extremely interesting for the specialists in the field but also for the students in lattice theory. — Cosmin Pelea, Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Mathematica LII (1), 2007 The book is self-contained, with many detailed proofs presented that can be followed step-by-step. I believe that this book is a much-needed tool for any mathematician wishing a gentle introduction to the field of congruences representations of finite lattices, with emphasis on the more 'geometric' aspects. — Mathematical Reviews |
| c2 diagram: Bimonoidal Categories, $E_n$-Monoidal Categories, and Algebraic $K$-Theory Donald Yau, 2024-10-08 Bimonoidal categories are categorical analogues of rings without additive inverses. They have been actively studied in category theory, homotopy theory, and algebraic $K$-theory since around 1970. There is an abundance of new applications and questions of bimonoidal categories in mathematics and other sciences. The three books published by the AMS in the Mathematical Surveys and Monographs series under the general title Bimonoidal Categories, $E_n$-Monoidal Categories, and Algebraic $K$-Theory (Volume I: Symmetric Bimonoidal Categories and Monoidal Bicategories?this book, Volume II: Braided Bimonoidal Categories with Applications, and Volume III: From Categories to Structured Ring Spectra) provide a unified treatment of bimonoidal and higher ring-like categories, their connection with algebraic $K$-theory and homotopy theory, and applications to quantum groups and topological quantum computation. With ample background material, extensive coverage, detailed presentation of both well-known and new theorems, and a list of open questions, this work is a user-friendly resource for beginners and experts alike. Part 1 of this book proves in detail Laplaza's two coherence theorems and May's strictification theorem of symmetric bimonoidal categories, as well as their bimonoidal analogues. This part includes detailed corrections to several inaccurate statements and proofs found in the literature. Part 2 proves Baez's Conjecture on the existence of a bi-initial object in a 2-category of symmetric bimonoidal categories. The next main theorem states that a matrix construction, involving the matrix product and the matrix tensor product, sends a symmetric bimonoidal category with invertible distributivity morphisms to a symmetric monoidal bicategory, with no strict structure morphisms in general. |
| c2 diagram: The Fundamentals of Human and Machine Translations Isaak Iosifovich Revzin, 1966 |
| c2 diagram: Invariants And Pictures: Low-dimensional Topology And Combinatorial Group Theory Vassily Olegovich Manturov, Denis Fedoseev, Seongjeong Kim, Igor Nikonov, 2020-04-22 This book contains an in-depth overview of the current state of the recently emerged and rapidly growing theory of Gnk groups, picture-valued invariants, and braids for arbitrary manifolds. Equivalence relations arising in low-dimensional topology and combinatorial group theory inevitably lead to the study of invariants, and good invariants should be strong and apparent. An interesting case of such invariants is picture-valued invariants, whose values are not algebraic objects, but geometrical constructions, like graphs or polyhedra.In 2015, V O Manturov defined a two-parametric family of groups Gnk and formulated the following principle: if dynamical systems describing a motion of n particles possess a nice codimension 1 property governed by exactly k particles then these dynamical systems possess topological invariants valued in Gnk.The book is devoted to various realisations and generalisations of this principle in the broad sense. The groups Gnk have many epimorphisms onto free products of cyclic groups; hence, invariants constructed from them are powerful enough and easy to compare. However, this construction does not work when we try to deal with points on a 2-surface, since there may be infinitely many geodesics passing through two points. That leads to the notion of another family of groups — Γnk, which give rise to braids on arbitrary manifolds yielding invariants of arbitrary manifolds. |
| c2 diagram: Rings of Quotients B. Stenström, 2012-12-06 The theory of rings of quotients has its origin in the work of (j). Ore and K. Asano on the construction of the total ring of fractions, in the 1930's and 40's. But the subject did not really develop until the end of the 1950's, when a number of important papers appeared (by R. E. Johnson, Y. Utumi, A. W. Goldie, P. Gabriel, J. Lambek, and others). Since then the progress has been rapid, and the subject has by now attained a stage of maturity, where it is possible to make a systematic account of it (which is the purpose of this book). The most immediate example of a ring of quotients is the field of fractions Q of a commutative integral domain A. It may be characterized by the two properties: (i) For every qEQ there exists a non-zero SEA such that qSEA. (ii) Q is the maximal over-ring of A satisfying condition (i). The well-known construction of Q can be immediately extended to the case when A is an arbitrary commutative ring and S is a multiplicatively closed set of non-zero-divisors of A. In that case one defines the ring of fractions Q = A [S-l] as consisting of pairs (a, s) with aEA and SES, with the declaration that (a, s)=(b, t) if there exists UES such that uta = usb. The resulting ring Q satisfies (i), with the extra requirement that SES, and (ii). |
| c2 diagram: ECOOP 2005 - Object-Oriented Programming Andrew Black, 2005-08-25 The 19th Annual Meeting of the European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming—ECOOP 2005—took place during the last week of July in Glasgow, Scotland, UK. This volume includes the refereed technical papers p- sented at the conference, and two invited papers. It is traditional to preface a volume of proceedings such as this with a note that emphasizes the importance of the conference in its respective ?eld. Although such self-evaluations should always be taken with a large grain of salt, ECOOP is undisputedly the pre- inent conference on object-orientation outside of the United States. In its turn, object-orientationis today’s principaltechnology not only for programming,but also for design, analysisand speci?cation of softwaresystems. As a consequence, ECOOP has expanded far beyond its roots in programming to encompass all of these areas of research—whichis why ECOOP has remained such an interesting conference. But ECOOP is more than an interesting conference. It is the nucleus of a technical and academic community, a community whose goals are the creation and dissemination of new knowledge. Chance meetings at ECOOP have helped to spawn collaborations that span the boundaries of our many subdisciplines, bring together researchers and practitioners, cross cultures, and reach from one side of the world to the other. The ubiquity of fast electronic communication has made maintaining these collaborations easier than we would have believed possible only a dozen years ago. But the role of conferences like ECOOP in establishing collaborations has not diminished. |
| c2 diagram: Topological Methods in Algebraic Transformation Groups Kraft, 2012-12-06 In recent years, there has been increasing interest and activity in the area of group actions on affine and projective algebraic varieties. Tech niques from various branches of mathematics have been important for this study, especially those coming from the well-developed theory of smooth compact transformation groups. It was timely to have an interdisciplinary meeting on these topics. We organized the conference Topological Methods in Alg~braic Transformation Groups, which was held at Rutgers University, 4-8 April, 1988. Our aim was to facilitate an exchange of ideas and techniques among mathematicians studying compact smooth transformation groups, alge braic transformation groups and related issues in algebraic and analytic geometry. The meeting was well attended, and these Proceedings offer a larger audience the opportunity to benefit from the excellent survey and specialized talks presented. The main topics concerned various as pects of group actions, algebraic quotients, homogeneous spaces and their compactifications. The meeting was made possible by support from Rutgers University and the National Science Foundation. We express our deep appreciation for this support. We also thank Annette Neuen for her assistance with the technical preparation of these Proceedings. |
| c2 diagram: CMOS Analog Integrated Circuits Tertulien Ndjountche, 2017-12-19 High-speed, power-efficient analog integrated circuits can be used as standalone devices or to interface modern digital signal processors and micro-controllers in various applications, including multimedia, communication, instrumentation, and control systems. New architectures and low device geometry of complementary metaloxidesemiconductor (CMOS) technologies have accelerated the movement toward system on a chip design, which merges analog circuits with digital, and radio-frequency components. CMOS: Analog Integrated Circuits: High-Speed and Power-Efficient Design describes the important trends in designing these analog circuits and provides a complete, in-depth examination of design techniques and circuit architectures, emphasizing practical aspects of integrated circuit implementation. Focusing on designing and verifying analog integrated circuits, the author reviews design techniques for more complex components such as amplifiers, comparators, and multipliers. The book details all aspects, from specification to the final chip, of the development and implementation process of filters, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), digital-to-analog converters (DACs), phase-locked loops (PLLs), and delay-locked loops (DLLs). It also describes different equivalent transistor models, design and fabrication considerations for high-density integrated circuits in deep-submicrometer process, circuit structures for the design of current mirrors and voltage references, topologies of suitable amplifiers, continuous-time and switched-capacitor circuits, modulator architectures, and approaches to improve linearity of Nyquist converters. The text addresses the architectures and performance limitation issues affecting circuit operation and provides conceptual and practical solutions to problems that can arise in the design process. This reference provides balanced coverage of theoretical and practical issues that will allow the reader to design CMOS analog integrated circuits with improved electrical performance. The chapters contain easy-to-follow mathematical derivations of all equations and formulas, graphical plots, and open-ended design problems to help determine most suitable architecture for a given set of performance specifications. This comprehensive and illustrative text for the design and analysis of CMOS analog integrated circuits serves as a valuable resource for analog circuit designers and graduate students in electrical engineering. |
| c2 diagram: Graph Transformations Andrea Corradini, Hartmut Ehrig, Ugo Montanari, Leila Ribeiro, Grzegorz Rozenberg, 2006-09-21 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Graph Transformations, ICGT 2006. The book presents 28 revised full papers together with 3 invited lectures. All current aspects in graph drawing are addressed including graph theory and graph algorithms, theoretic and semantic aspects, modeling, tool issues and more. Also includes accounts of a tutorial on foundations and applications of graph transformations, and of ICGT Conference satellite events. |
| c2 diagram: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY SARASWAT, 1. ATOMIC STRUCTURE 2. PERIODIC PROPERTIES 3. CHEMICAL BONDING-I 4. Molecular Orbital Theory 5. Ionic Solids 6. Chemistry of Noble Gases 7. s-Block Elements 8. p-Block Elements : Part-I 9. p-Block Elements : Part-II 10. p-Block Elements : Part–III |
| c2 diagram: WiiPi Leaks Manual Jam Crab, 2021-03-13 WiiPee Leaks (WL) Manual (Jam Crab version, text only) Description: the smuggled-out manual (WM069) is the only known copy of the diabolical WiiPi organization (see warning). This interruption of the WM069 and the graphic repositories (offered for a low price on Google Play Books) of unofficial information and rumors will serve as the foundation of the entire WiiPi Leaks (WL) series and other related materials and channels, for example, the Dear Jammy letters, Random Unexplained Diagrams (RUD), Jam Crab News, Portraits, Podcasts, etc. Why do we need a manual for a fictional novel series? Well according to the author, Jam Crab, there should be explanations due to the nature of the content. Meaning the future world as contrived by the WiiPi organization in WM069 is constructed and designed in accordance to the evil, sinister WiiPi plot of world domination. Also, the WM069 does not stay within the physical, cultural and or logic of our modern-day society. Therefore, the behavior of the WiiPi characters, organizations, government affiliations, machines and contraptions, to support this fictional story we needed to justified the absurdity of the stuff in the original WM069 manual. Warning: the whole WiiPi Leaks (WL) Series of books is a mix of ironic comedy, political satire, current events and ludicrous inventions which we learned of from the Jam Crab (not his or her real name) WiiPi Leaks. It touches on some creepy topics. So here’s the warning and if these topics in the WL Series are offensive, we apologize here in advance. As mentioned, the content is intended to be used solely for the purpose of entertainment and is meant as a comedic work for an adult audience. In other words, the authors would rather laugh than cry about corporate greed, American politics, our hap hazard lives and any other issues throughout the world. Updates: there will need to be revisions as the series grows, so it’s suggested the readers check for updated editions. Note: this WiiPi Leaks manual is free (no graphic diagrams included) and contains almost everything the reader needs to follow along with the story and the links to accompanying diagrams. Who is Jam Crab? Well, we here at the Jam Crab Group (JCG) of channels, simply interpret leaked messages from Jam Crab (JC), our WiiPi informant. We have never met JC. In fact he or she is believed to be on the run from the evil clutches of WiiPi. So we just wish JC well and hope he or she keeps the leaks coming in. The JCG intends to take all the possible measures to deter WiiPi from implementing their devious scheme. |
| c2 diagram: Experimental Algorithms Andrew V. Goldberg, Alexander S. Kulikov, 2016-05-31 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Experimental Algorithms, SEA 2016, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in June 2016. The 25 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 54 submissions. The main theme of the symposium is the role of experimentation and of algorithm engineering techniques in the design and evaluation of algorithms and data structures. SEA covers a wide range of topics in experimental algorithmics, bringing together researchers from algorithm engineering, mathematical programming, and combinatorial optimization communities. |
| c2 diagram: Handbook of Logical Thought in India Sundar Sarukkai, Mihir Kumar Chakraborty, 2022-11-04 This collection of articles is unique in the way it approaches established material on the various logical traditions in India. Instead of classifying these traditions within Schools as is the usual approach, the material here is classified into sections based on themes ranging from Fundamentals of ancient logical traditions to logic in contemporary mathematics and computer science. This collection offers not only an introduction to the key themes in different logical traditions such as Nyaya, Buddhist and Jaina, it also highlights certain unique characteristics of these traditions as well as contribute new material in the relationship of logic to aesthetics, linguistics, Kashmir Saivism as well as the forgotten Tamil contribution to logic. |
| c2 diagram: Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Carbon Nanomaterials T. Nejat Veziroglu, Svetlana Yu. Zaginaichenko, Dmitry V. Schur, B. Baranowski, Anatoliy P. Shpak, Valeriy V. Skorokhod, 2004-09-22 The 2003 International Conference Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Carbon Nanomaterials was held in September 2003. In the tradition of the earlier ICHMS conferences, this meeting served as an interdisciplinary forum for the presentation and discussion of the most recent research on transition to hydrogen-based energy systems, technologies for hydrogen production, storage, utilization, materials, energy and environmental problems. The aim of the volume is to provide an overview of the latest scientific results on research and development in the different topics cited above. The representatives from industry, public laboratories, universities and governmental agencies have presented the most recent advances in hydrogen concepts, processes and systems, to evaluate current progress in these areas of investigations and to identify promising research directions for the future. |
| c2 diagram: Model Driven Architecture - Foundations and Applications David Akehurst, Regis Vogel, Richard Paige, 2007-06-27 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third European Conference on Model Driven Architecture: Foundations and Applications, ECMDA-FA 2007, held in Haifa, Israel in June 2007. The papers address all current issues of model-driven architecture, including foundational topics and application–oriented issues. |
| c2 diagram: From Hamiltonians to Phase Diagrams Jürgen Hafner, 2012-12-06 The development of the modern theory of metals and alloys has coincided with great advances in quantum-mechanical many-body theory, in electronic structure calculations, in theories of lattice dynamics and of the configura tional thermodynamics of crystals, in liquid-state theory, and in the theory of phase transformations. For a long time all these different fields expanded quite independently, but now their overlap has become sufficiently large that they are beginning to form the basis of a comprehensive first-principles the ory of the cohesive, structural, and thermodynamical properties of metals and alloys in the crystalline as well as in the liquid state. Today, we can set out from the quantum-mechanical many-body Hamiltonian of the system of electrons and ions, and, following the path laid out by generations of the oreticians, we can progress far enough to calculate a pressure-temperature phase diagram of a metal or a composition-temperature phase diagram of a binary alloy by methods which are essentially rigorous and from first prin ciples. This book was written with the intention of confronting the materials scientist, the metallurgist, the physical chemist, but also the experimen tal and theoretical condensed-matter physicist, with this new and exciting possibility. Of course there are limitations to such a vast undertaking as this. The selection of the theories and techniques to be discussed, as well as the way in which they are presented, are necessarily biased by personal inclination and personal expertise. |
| c2 diagram: A Basic Course in Complex Variables David C. Kay, 2014-09-02 Complex variables are arbitrary complex numbers, and you need to know how they work if you want to learn an important area of mathematics. David C. Kay, a longtime college professor who has written several books geared for college students, explains what complex variables are and how to use them in this textbook written for those with a working knowledge of algebra and calculus. You'll review basic concepts from calculus and gradually discover more sophisticated ideas, such as differentiation and integration in complex variables, which are clearly explained with numerical examples. Other topics include infinite series of complex variables, uniform convergence, the Taylor and Laurent series, and methods for evaluating difficult integrals. Charts, tables, and drawings throughout the book make even tough concepts easy to understand, and problems have been carefully crafted to cover the main concepts while maintaining your interest. Whether you're an educator seeking to provide an additional resource for your students or a student seeking a self-help guide to understand complex variables, this basic course is a refreshing treatment that can be a stand-alone tutorial or companion guide to another textbook. |
| c2 diagram: Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science Dieter Kratsch, 2005-12-13 This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 31st International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science, WG 2005, held in Metz, France in June 2005. The 38 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully selected from 125 submissions. The papers provide a wealth of new results for various classes of graphs, graph computations, graph algorithms, and graph-theoretical applications in various fields. The workshop aims at uniting theory and practice by demonstrating how graph-theoretic concepts can be applied to various areas in Computer Science, or by extracting new problems from applications. The goal is to present recent research results and to identify and explore directions of future research. |
| c2 diagram: Combinatorics '90 A. Barlotti, A. Bichara, P.V. Ceccherini, G. Tallini, 1992-08-17 This volume forms a valuable source of information on recent developments in research in combinatorics, with special regard to the geometric point of view. Topics covered include: finite geometries (arcs, caps, special varieties in a Galois space; generalized quadrangles; Benz planes; foundation of geometry), partial geometries, Buekenhout geometries, transitive permutation sets, flat-transitive geometries, design theory, finite groups, near-rings and semifields, MV-algebras, coding theory, cryptography and graph theory in its geometric and design aspects. |
| c2 diagram: Laboratory Manual for Electrical Machines, 2/e D.P. Kothari, B. S. Umre, 2017-11-19 Laboratory Manual for Electrical Machines (2nd) edition includes four new experiments in electrical machines so that it can cater to the complete syllabus of undergraduate laboratory courses of electrical machines. This book gives the basic information to the students with the machine phenomenon, working principles and testing methods, etc. It also imparts real physical understanding of various types of electrical machines. The main attraction of this laboratory manual is its power point presentation for all experiments. This manual is meant for electrical engineering students of B.E. and B.Tech and polytechnics. |
| c2 diagram: Diagrammatic Representation and Inference Mary Hegarty, Bernd Meyer, N. Hari Narayanan, 2003-08-01 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference Diagrams 2002, held in Callaway Gardens, Georgia, USA, in April 2002. The 21 revised full papers and 19 posters presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 77 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on understanding and communicating with diagrams, diagrams in mathematics, computational aspects of diagrammatic representation and reasoning, logic and diagrams, diagrams in human-computer interaction, tracing the process of diagrammatic reasoning, visualizing information with diagrams, diagrams and software engineering, and cognitive aspects. |
| c2 diagram: Logic, Computation and Rigorous Methods Alexander Raschke, Elvinia Riccobene, Klaus-Dieter Schewe, 2021-06-04 This Festschrift was published in honor of Egon Börger on the occasion of his 75th birthday. It acknowledges Prof. Börger's inspiration as a scientist, author, mentor, and community organizer. Dedicated to a pioneer in the fields of logic and computer science, Egon Börger's research interests are unusual in scope, from programming languages to hardware architectures, software architectures, control systems, workflow and interaction patterns, business processes, web applications, and concurrent systems. The 18 invited contributions in this volume are by leading researchers in the areas of software engineering, programming languages, business information systems, and computer science logic. |
| c2 diagram: Advances in Computer Graphics Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann, Jinman Kim, Bin Sheng, Zhigang Deng, Daniel Thalmann, Ping Li, 2025-02-24 The three-volume set LNCS 15338, 15339 and 15340 constitutes the refereed proceedings from the 41st Computer Graphics International Conference, CGI 2024, held during July 1–5, 2024, in Geneva, Switzerland. The 84 full papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 211 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Part I: Colors, painting and layout; detection and recognition; image analysis and processing; image restoration and enhancement; and visual analytics and modeling. Part II: Graphics and VR/AR; reconstruction; rendering and animation; and theoretical analysis. Part III: Image analysis and visualization; image attention and perception; medical imaging and robotics; synthesis and generation; and empowering novel geometric algebra for graphics & engineering workshop. |
| c2 diagram: Graph Transformations Hartmut Ehrig, 2008-08-28 This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Graph Transformations, ICGT 2008, held in Leicester, UK, in September 2008. The 27 revised full papers presented together with 5 tutorial and workshop papers and 3 invited lectures were carefully selected from 57 submissions. All current aspects in graph drawing are addressed including hypergraphs and termgraph rewriting, applications of graph transformation, execution of graph transformations, compositional systems, validation and verification, graph languages and special transformation concepts, as well as patterns and model transformations. In addition the volume contains 17 short papers of the ICGT 2008 Doctoral Symposium. |
| c2 diagram: From Special Relativity to Feynman Diagrams Riccardo D'Auria, Mario Trigiante, 2015-10-06 This book, now in its second edition, provides an introductory course on theoretical particle physics with the aim of filling the gap that exists between basic courses of classical and quantum mechanics and advanced courses of (relativistic) quantum mechanics and field theory. After a concise but comprehensive introduction to special relativity, key aspects of relativistic dynamics are covered and some elementary concepts of general relativity introduced. Basics of the theory of groups and Lie algebras are explained, with discussion of the group of rotations and the Lorentz and Poincaré groups. In addition, a concise account of representation theory and of tensor calculus is provided. Quantization of the electromagnetic field in the radiation range is fully discussed. The essentials of the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms are reviewed, proceeding from systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom and extending the discussion to fields. The final four chapters are devoted to development of the quantum field theory, ultimately introducing the graphical description of interaction processes by means of Feynman diagrams. The book will be of value for students seeking to understand the main concepts that form the basis of contemporary theoretical particle physics and also for engineers and lecturers. An Appendix on some special relativity effects is added. |
| c2 diagram: Engineering Trustworthy Software Systems Zhiming Liu, Zili Zhang, 2016-02-29 This volume contains the lecture notes of the five courses and one seminar given at the School on Engineering Trustworthy Software Systems (SETSS 2014), held in September 2014 at Southwest University in Chongqing, China. The material is useful for postgraduate students, researchers, academics and industrial engineers who are interested in the theory and practice of methods and tools for the design and programming of trustworthy software systems. The common themes of the courses include the design and use of theories, techniques and tools for software specification and modeling, analysis and verification. The courses cover sequential programming, component- and object software, hybrid systems and cyber-physical systems with challenges of termination, security, safety, security, fault-tolerance and real-time requirements. The techniques include model checking, correctness by construction through refinement and model transformations, synthesis and computer algebra. |
| c2 diagram: Gradient Estimation Via Perturbation Analysis Paul Glasserman, 1991 |
| c2 diagram: Graphs & Digraphs Gary Chartrand, Linda Lesniak, Ping Zhang, 2015-12-16 Graphs & Digraphs masterfully employs student-friendly exposition, clear proofs, abundant examples, and numerous exercises to provide an essential understanding of the concepts, theorems, history, and applications of graph theory.Fully updated and thoughtfully reorganized to make reading and locating material easier for instructors and students |
| c2 diagram: Advances and Trends in Artificial Intelligence. From Theory to Practice Hamido Fujita, Ali Selamat, Jerry Chun-Wei Lin, Moonis Ali, 2021-07-19 This two-volume set of LNAI 12798 and 12799 constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2021, held virtually and in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in July 2021. The 87 full papers and 19 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 145 submissions. The IEA/AIE 2021 conference will continue the tradition of emphasizing on applications of applied intelligent systems to solve real-life problems in all areas. These areas include the following: Part I, Artificial Intelligence Practices: Knowledge discovery and pattern mining; artificial intelligence and machine learning; sematic, topology, and ontology models; medical and health-related applications; graphic and social network analysis; signal and bioinformatics processing; evolutionary computation; attack security; natural language and text processing; fuzzy inference and theory; and sensor and communication networks Part II, From Theory to Practice: Prediction and recommendation; data management, clustering and classification; robotics; knowledge based and decision support systems; multimedia applications; innovative applications of intelligent systems; CPS and industrial applications; defect, anomaly and intrusion detection; financial and supply chain applications; Bayesian networks; BigData and time series processing; and information retrieval and relation extraction |
| c2 diagram: Covalent Organic Frameworks Tuan Anh Nguyen, Ram K. Gupta, 2022-08-25 Covalent organic frameworks-based nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates for energy applications owing to their superior electrochemical properties, surface area, nano-device integration, multifunctionality, printability, and mechanical flexibility. This book provides fundamentals, various synthesis approaches, and applications of covalent organic frameworks-based nanomaterials and their composites for generating energy. The main objective of this book is to provide current, state-of-the-art knowledge about covalent organic frameworks-based nanomaterials and their composites for supercapacitors, batteries, photovoltaics, and fuel cells, covering almost the entire spectrum in the energy field under one title. Aimed at widening our fundamental understanding of covalent organic frameworks and mechanisms for realization and advancement in devices with improved energy efficiency and high storage capacity, this book will provide new directions for scientists, researchers, and students to better understand the principles, technologies, and applications of covalent organic frameworks. |
| c2 diagram: Engineering Mechanics of Materials B.B. Muvdi, J.W. McNabb, 2012-12-06 4. 2 Solid Circular Shafts-Angle of Twist and Shearing Stresses 159 4. 3 Hollow Circular Shafts-Angle of Twist and Shearing Stresses 166 4. 4 Principal Stresses and Strains Associated with Torsion 173 4. 5 Analytical and Experimental Solutions for Torsion of Members of Noncircular Cross Sections 179 4. 6 Shearing Stress-Strain Properties 188 *4. 7 Computer Applications 195 5 Stresses in Beams 198 5. 1 Introduction 198 5. 2 Review of Properties of Areas 198 5. 3 Flexural Stresses due to Symmetric Bending of Beams 211 5. 4 Shear Stresses in Symmetrically Loaded Beams 230 *5. 5 Flexural Stresses due to Unsymmetric Bending of Beams 248 *5. 6 Computer Applications 258 Deflections of Beams 265 I 6. 1 Introduction 265 6. 2 Moment-Curvature Relationship 266 6. 3 Beam Deflections-Two Successive Integrations 268 6. 4 Derivatives of the Elastic Curve Equation and Their Physical Significance 280 6. 5 Beam Deflections-The Method of Superposition 290 6. 6 Construction of Moment Diagrams by Cantilever Parts 299 6. 7 Beam Deflections-The Area-Moment Method 302 *6. 8 Beam Deflections-Singularity Functions 319 *6. 9 Beam Deflections-Castigliano's Second Theorem 324 *6. 10 Computer Applications 332 7 Combined Stresses and Theories of Failure 336 7. 1 Introduction 336 7. 2 Axial and Torsional Stresses 336 Axial and Flexural Stresses 342 7. 3 Torsional and Flexural Stresses 352 7. 4 7. 5 Torsional, Flexural, and Axial Stresses 358 *7. 6 Theories of Failure 365 Computer Applications 378 *7. |
| c2 diagram: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society Royal Meteorological Society (Great Britain), 1879 Vols. 10-11 include Meteorology of England by James Glaisher as seperately paged section at end. |
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C2 - Wikipedia
C2 may be a code or abbreviation for: C 2 Aquarii, a star; C 2 Centauri, a star; C2 (Code Geass), an anime character; C2 explosive, a form of plastic explosive; C2 pylon, a type of high voltage …
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A C2 Proficiency qualification shows the world that you have mastered English to an exceptional level. It proves you can communicate with the fluency and sophistication of a highly competent …
C2 Proficiency | LearnEnglish - LearnEnglish - British Council
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) has six levels, from A1 for beginners, up to C2 for users who are proficient in the language. What can a C2-level …
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English level C2 is the sixth and final level of English in the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), a definition of different language levels written by the Council of Europe. In …
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C2 Proficiency - Wikipedia
C2 Proficiency is the highest level qualification provided by Cambridge Assessment English and shows that learners have mastered English to an exceptional level. It is focused on Level C2 …
C2 Proficiency preparation | Cambridge English
The C2 Proficiency handbook gives an overview of the exam and its place within Cambridge English examinations. This is followed by a focus on each paper and includes content, advice …
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C2 Education | Test Prep, Tutoring & College Counseling
We offer test prep for SAT, AP, SSAT, ACT, PSAT/NMSQT, and ISEE. C2 tutoring supports K-12 students’ academic needs while challenging them to further excel in their studies.
C2 - Wikipedia
C2 may be a code or abbreviation for: C 2 Aquarii, a star; C 2 Centauri, a star; C2 (Code Geass), an anime character; C2 explosive, a form of plastic explosive; C2 pylon, a type of high voltage pylon; …
C2 Proficiency - Cambridge English
A C2 Proficiency qualification shows the world that you have mastered English to an exceptional level. It proves you can communicate with the fluency and sophistication of a highly competent …
C2 Proficiency | LearnEnglish - LearnEnglish - British Council
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) has six levels, from A1 for beginners, up to C2 for users who are proficient in the language. What can a C2-level learner of …
English C2 level - CEFR definition and tests - EF SET
English level C2 is the sixth and final level of English in the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), a definition of different language levels written by the Council of Europe. In …
Find a C2 Location Near You - C2 Education
C2 Education is the fastest-growing test prep and tutoring center in the country. We offer test prep for SAT, ACT, PSAT and other exams. Use our Location finder to help find a center near you and …
C2 Proficiency - Wikipedia
C2 Proficiency is the highest level qualification provided by Cambridge Assessment English and shows that learners have mastered English to an exceptional level. It is focused on Level C2 of …
C2 Proficiency preparation | Cambridge English
The C2 Proficiency handbook gives an overview of the exam and its place within Cambridge English examinations. This is followed by a focus on each paper and includes content, advice on …
Personalized SAT Prep Programs - C2 Education
Let C2 Education’s SAT prep help maximize your score and chances of earning admission to your dream college. For over 25 years, C2’s comprehensive SAT tutoring has helped students score …
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