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calculus 3 textbook: Calculus Howard Anton, Irl C. Bivens, Stephen Davis, 2021-12-03 In Calculus: Multivariable, 12th Edition, an expert team of mathematicians delivers a rigorous and intuitive exploration of calculus, introducing concepts like derivatives and integrals of multivariable functions. Using the Rule of Four, the authors present mathematical concepts from verbal, algebraic, visual, and numerical points of view. The book includes numerous exercises, applications, and examples that help readers learn and retain the concepts discussed within. |
calculus 3 textbook: Active Calculus 2018 Matthew Boelkins, 2018-08-13 Active Calculus - single variable is a free, open-source calculus text that is designed to support an active learning approach in the standard first two semesters of calculus, including approximately 200 activities and 500 exercises. In the HTML version, more than 250 of the exercises are available as interactive WeBWorK exercises; students will love that the online version even looks great on a smart phone. Each section of Active Calculus has at least 4 in-class activities to engage students in active learning. Normally, each section has a brief introduction together with a preview activity, followed by a mix of exposition and several more activities. Each section concludes with a short summary and exercises; the non-WeBWorK exercises are typically involved and challenging. More information on the goals and structure of the text can be found in the preface. |
calculus 3 textbook: APEX Calculus Gregory Hartman, 2015 APEX Calculus is a calculus textbook written for traditional college/university calculus courses. It has the look and feel of the calculus book you likely use right now (Stewart, Thomas & Finney, etc.). The explanations of new concepts is clear, written for someone who does not yet know calculus. Each section ends with an exercise set with ample problems to practice & test skills (odd answers are in the back). |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus II Jerrold Marsden, A. Weinstein, 1998-01-09 The second of a three-volume work, this is the result of the authors'experience teaching calculus at Berkeley. The book covers techniques and applications of integration, infinite series, and differential equations, the whole time motivating the study of calculus using its applications. The authors include numerous solved problems, as well as extensive exercises at the end of each section. In addition, a separate student guide has been prepared. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus 1-3 Textbook and Software Bundle Hawkes Learning, 2017-03-29 |
calculus 3 textbook: Multivariable Mathematics Theodore Shifrin, 2004-01-26 Multivariable Mathematics combines linear algebra and multivariable calculus in a rigorous approach. The material is integrated to emphasize the role of linearity in all of calculus and the recurring theme of implicit versus explicit that persists in linear algebra and analysis. In the text, the author addresses all of the standard computational material found in the usual linear algebra and multivariable calculus courses, and more, interweaving the material as effectively as possible and also including complete proofs. By emphasizing the theoretical aspects and reviewing the linear algebra material quickly, the book can also be used as a text for an advanced calculus or multivariable analysis course culminating in a treatment of manifolds, differential forms, and the generalized Stokes’s Theorem. |
calculus 3 textbook: An Illustrative Guide to Multivariable and Vector Calculus Stanley J. Miklavcic, 2020-02-17 This textbook focuses on one of the most valuable skills in multivariable and vector calculus: visualization. With over one hundred carefully drawn color images, students who have long struggled picturing, for example, level sets or vector fields will find these abstract concepts rendered with clarity and ingenuity. This illustrative approach to the material covered in standard multivariable and vector calculus textbooks will serve as a much-needed and highly useful companion. Emphasizing portability, this book is an ideal complement to other references in the area. It begins by exploring preliminary ideas such as vector algebra, sets, and coordinate systems, before moving into the core areas of multivariable differentiation and integration, and vector calculus. Sections on the chain rule for second derivatives, implicit functions, PDEs, and the method of least squares offer additional depth; ample illustrations are woven throughout. Mastery Checks engage students in material on the spot, while longer exercise sets at the end of each chapter reinforce techniques. An Illustrative Guide to Multivariable and Vector Calculus will appeal to multivariable and vector calculus students and instructors around the world who seek an accessible, visual approach to this subject. Higher-level students, called upon to apply these concepts across science and engineering, will also find this a valuable and concise resource. |
calculus 3 textbook: Advanced Calculus Lynn H. Loomis, Shlomo Sternberg, 2014 An authorised reissue of the long out of print classic textbook, Advanced Calculus by the late Dr Lynn Loomis and Dr Shlomo Sternberg both of Harvard University has been a revered but hard to find textbook for the advanced calculus course for decades. This book is based on an honors course in advanced calculus that the authors gave in the 1960's. The foundational material, presented in the unstarred sections of Chapters 1 through 11, was normally covered, but different applications of this basic material were stressed from year to year, and the book therefore contains more material than was covered in any one year. It can accordingly be used (with omissions) as a text for a year's course in advanced calculus, or as a text for a three-semester introduction to analysis. The prerequisites are a good grounding in the calculus of one variable from a mathematically rigorous point of view, together with some acquaintance with linear algebra. The reader should be familiar with limit and continuity type arguments and have a certain amount of mathematical sophistication. As possible introductory texts, we mention Differential and Integral Calculus by R Courant, Calculus by T Apostol, Calculus by M Spivak, and Pure Mathematics by G Hardy. The reader should also have some experience with partial derivatives. In overall plan the book divides roughly into a first half which develops the calculus (principally the differential calculus) in the setting of normed vector spaces, and a second half which deals with the calculus of differentiable manifolds. |
calculus 3 textbook: Vector Calculus Paul C. Matthews, 2012-12-06 Vector calculus is the fundamental language of mathematical physics. It pro vides a way to describe physical quantities in three-dimensional space and the way in which these quantities vary. Many topics in the physical sciences can be analysed mathematically using the techniques of vector calculus. These top ics include fluid dynamics, solid mechanics and electromagnetism, all of which involve a description of vector and scalar quantities in three dimensions. This book assumes no previous knowledge of vectors. However, it is assumed that the reader has a knowledge of basic calculus, including differentiation, integration and partial differentiation. Some knowledge of linear algebra is also required, particularly the concepts of matrices and determinants. The book is designed to be self-contained, so that it is suitable for a pro gramme of individual study. Each of the eight chapters introduces a new topic, and to facilitate understanding of the material, frequent reference is made to physical applications. The physical nature of the subject is clarified with over sixty diagrams, which provide an important aid to the comprehension of the new concepts. Following the introduction of each new topic, worked examples are provided. It is essential that these are studied carefully, so that a full un derstanding is developed before moving ahead. Like much of mathematics, each section of the book is built on the foundations laid in the earlier sections and chapters. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus Made Easy Silvanus P. Thompson, Martin Gardner, 2014-03-18 Calculus Made Easy by Silvanus P. Thompson and Martin Gardner has long been the most popular calculus primer. This major revision of the classic math text makes the subject at hand still more comprehensible to readers of all levels. With a new introduction, three new chapters, modernized language and methods throughout, and an appendix of challenging and enjoyable practice problems, Calculus Made Easy has been thoroughly updated for the modern reader. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus, Volume 2 Tom M. Apostol, 2019-04-26 Calculus, Volume 2, 2nd Edition An introduction to the calculus, with an excellent balance between theory and technique. Integration is treated before differentiation — this is a departure from most modern texts, but it is historically correct, and it is the best way to establish the true connection between the integral and the derivative. Proofs of all the important theorems are given, generally preceded by geometric or intuitive discussion. This Second Edition introduces the mean-value theorems and their applications earlier in the text, incorporates a treatment of linear algebra, and contains many new and easier exercises. As in the first edition, an interesting historical introduction precedes each important new concept. |
calculus 3 textbook: Quick Calculus Daniel Kleppner, Norman Ramsey, 1991-01-16 Quick Calculus 2nd Edition A Self-Teaching Guide Calculus is essential for understanding subjects ranging from physics and chemistry to economics and ecology. Nevertheless, countless students and others who need quantitative skills limit their futures by avoiding this subject like the plague. Maybe that's why the first edition of this self-teaching guide sold over 250,000 copies. Quick Calculus, Second Edition continues to teach the elementary techniques of differential and integral calculus quickly and painlessly. Your calculus anxiety will rapidly disappear as you work at your own pace on a series of carefully selected work problems. Each correct answer to a work problem leads to new material, while an incorrect response is followed by additional explanations and reviews. This updated edition incorporates the use of calculators and features more applications and examples. .makes it possible for a person to delve into the mystery of calculus without being mystified. --Physics Teacher |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus Volume 3 Edwin Herman, Gilbert Strang, 2016-03-30 Calculus is designed for the typical two- or three-semester general calculus course, incorporating innovative features to enhance student learning. The book guides students through the core concepts of calculus and helps them understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. Due to the comprehensive nature of the material, we are offering the book in three volumes for flexibility and efficiency. Volume 3 covers parametric equations and polar coordinates, vectors, functions of several variables, multiple integration, and second-order differential equations. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus and Analysis in Euclidean Space Jerry Shurman, 2016-11-26 The graceful role of analysis in underpinning calculus is often lost to their separation in the curriculum. This book entwines the two subjects, providing a conceptual approach to multivariable calculus closely supported by the structure and reasoning of analysis. The setting is Euclidean space, with the material on differentiation culminating in the inverse and implicit function theorems, and the material on integration culminating in the general fundamental theorem of integral calculus. More in-depth than most calculus books but less technical than a typical analysis introduction, Calculus and Analysis in Euclidean Space offers a rich blend of content to students outside the traditional mathematics major, while also providing transitional preparation for those who will continue on in the subject. The writing in this book aims to convey the intent of ideas early in discussion. The narrative proceeds through figures, formulas, and text, guiding the reader to do mathematics resourcefully by marshaling the skills of geometric intuition (the visual cortex being quickly instinctive) algebraic manipulation (symbol-patterns being precise and robust) incisive use of natural language (slogans that encapsulate central ideas enabling a large-scale grasp of the subject). Thinking in these ways renders mathematics coherent, inevitable, and fluid. The prerequisite is single-variable calculus, including familiarity with the foundational theorems and some experience with proofs. |
calculus 3 textbook: A First Course in Calculus Serge Lang, 2012-09-17 The purpose of a first course in calculus is to teach the student the basic notions of derivative and integral, and the basic techniques and applica tions which accompany them. The very talented students, with an ob vious aptitude for mathematics, will rapidly require a course in functions of one real variable, more or less as it is understood by professional is not primarily addressed to them (although mathematicians. This book I hope they will be able to acquire from it a good introduction at an early age). I have not written this course in the style I would use for an advanced monograph, on sophisticated topics. One writes an advanced monograph for oneself, because one wants to give permanent form to one's vision of some beautiful part of mathematics, not otherwise ac cessible, somewhat in the manner of a composer setting down his sym phony in musical notation. This book is written for the students to give them an immediate, and pleasant, access to the subject. I hope that I have struck a proper com promise, between dwelling too much on special details and not giving enough technical exercises, necessary to acquire the desired familiarity with the subject. In any case, certain routine habits of sophisticated mathematicians are unsuitable for a first course. Rigor. This does not mean that so-called rigor has to be abandoned. |
calculus 3 textbook: Vector Calculus Miroslav Lovric, 2007-01-03 This book gives a comprehensive and thorough introduction to ideas and major results of the theory of functions of several variables and of modern vector calculus in two and three dimensions. Clear and easy-to-follow writing style, carefully crafted examples, wide spectrum of applications and numerous illustrations, diagrams, and graphs invite students to use the textbook actively, helping them to both enforce their understanding of the material and to brush up on necessary technical and computational skills. Particular attention has been given to the material that some students find challenging, such as the chain rule, Implicit Function Theorem, parametrizations, or the Change of Variables Theorem. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus Morris Kline, 2013-05-09 Application-oriented introduction relates the subject as closely as possible to science with explorations of the derivative; differentiation and integration of the powers of x; theorems on differentiation, antidifferentiation; the chain rule; trigonometric functions; more. Examples. 1967 edition. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus Howard Anton, Irl C. Bivens, Stephen Davis, 2021-10-26 In Calculus: Multivariable, 12th Edition, an expert team of mathematicians delivers a rigorous and intuitive exploration of calculus, introducing concepts like derivatives and integrals of multivariable functions. Using the Rule of Four, the authors present mathematical concepts from verbal, algebraic, visual, and numerical points of view. The book includes numerous exercises, applications, and examples that help readers learn and retain the concepts discussed within. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus David Patrick, 2013-04-15 A comprehensive textbook covering single-variable calculus. Specific topics covered include limits, continuity, derivatives, integrals, power series, plane curves, and differential equations. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus With Applications Peter D. Lax, Maria Shea Terrell, 2013-09-21 Burstein, and Lax's Calculus with Applications and Computing offers meaningful explanations of the important theorems of single variable calculus. Written with students in mathematics, the physical sciences, and engineering in mind, and revised with their help, it shows that the themes of calculation, approximation, and modeling are central to mathematics and the main ideas of single variable calculus. This edition brings the innovation of the first edition to a new generation of students. New sections in this book use simple, elementary examples to show that when applying calculus concepts to approximations of functions, uniform convergence is more natural and easier to use than point-wise convergence. As in the original, this edition includes material that is essential for students in science and engineering, including an elementary introduction to complex numbers and complex-valued functions, applications of calculus to modeling vibrations and population dynamics, and an introduction to probability and information theory. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus with Vectors Jay S. Treiman, 2014-10-30 Calculus with Vectors grew out of a strong need for a beginning calculus textbook for undergraduates who intend to pursue careers in STEM fields. The approach introduces vector-valued functions from the start, emphasizing the connections between one-variable and multi-variable calculus. The text includes early vectors and early transcendentals and includes a rigorous but informal approach to vectors. Examples and focused applications are well presented along with an abundance of motivating exercises. The approaches taken to topics such as the derivation of the derivatives of sine and cosine, the approach to limits and the use of tables of integration have been modified from the standards seen in other textbooks in order to maximize the ease with which students may comprehend the material. Additionally, the material presented is intentionally non-specific to any software or hardware platform in order to accommodate the wide variety and rapid evolution of tools used. Technology is referenced in the text and is required for a good number of problems. |
calculus 3 textbook: The Hitchhiker's Guide to Calculus Michael Spivak, 2019-01-24 The Hitchhiker's Guide to Calculus begins with a rapid view of lines and slope. Spivak then takes up non-linear functions and trigonometric functions. He places the magnifying glass on curves in the next chapter and effortlessly leads the reader to the idea of derivative. In the next chapter he tackles speed and velocity, followed by the derivative of sine. Maxima and minima are next. Rolle's theorem and the MVT form the core of Chapter 11, Watching Experts at Play. The Hitchhiker's Guide to Calculus closes with a chapter on the integral, the fundamental theorem, and applications of the integral. |
calculus 3 textbook: Vector Calculus P. R. Baxandall, Hans Liebeck, 2008 This introductory text offers a rigorous, comprehensive treatment. Classical theorems of vector calculus are amply illustrated with figures, worked examples, physical applications, and exercises with hints and answers. 1986 edition. |
calculus 3 textbook: Mathematics for Machine Learning Marc Peter Deisenroth, A. Aldo Faisal, Cheng Soon Ong, 2020-04-23 Distills key concepts from linear algebra, geometry, matrices, calculus, optimization, probability and statistics that are used in machine learning. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus On Manifolds Michael Spivak, 1971-01-22 This little book is especially concerned with those portions of ”advanced calculus” in which the subtlety of the concepts and methods makes rigor difficult to attain at an elementary level. The approach taken here uses elementary versions of modern methods found in sophisticated mathematics. The formal prerequisites include only a term of linear algebra, a nodding acquaintance with the notation of set theory, and a respectable first-year calculus course (one which at least mentions the least upper bound (sup) and greatest lower bound (inf) of a set of real numbers). Beyond this a certain (perhaps latent) rapport with abstract mathematics will be found almost essential. |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus William L. Briggs, Lyle Cochran, Eric L. Schulz, Bernard Gillett, 2018-01-05 NOTE: This edition features the same content as the traditional text in a convenient, three-hole-punched, loose-leaf version. Books a la Carte also offer a great value; this format costs significantly less than a new textbook. Before purchasing, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that you select the correct ISBN. For Books a la Carte editions that include MyLab(tm) or Mastering(tm), several versions may exist for each title-including customized versions for individual schools-and registrations are not transferable. In addition, you may need a Course ID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use MyLab or Mastering platforms. For 3- to 4-semester courses covering single-variable and multivariable calculus, taken by students of mathematics, engineering, natural sciences, or economics. T he most successful new calculus text in the last two decades The much-anticipated 3rd Edition of Briggs' Calculus Series retains its hallmark features while introducing important advances and refinements. Briggs, Cochran, Gillett, and Schulz build from a foundation of meticulously crafted exercise sets, then draw students into the narrative through writing that reflects the voice of the instructor. Examples are stepped out and thoughtfully annotated, and figures are designed to teach rather than simply supplement the narrative. The groundbreaking eBook contains approximately 700 Interactive Figures that can be manipulated to shed light on key concepts. For the 3rd Edition, the authors synthesized feedback on the text and MyLab(tm) Math content from over 140 instructors and an Engineering Review Panel. This thorough and extensive review process, paired with the authors' own teaching experiences, helped create a text that was designed for today's calculus instructors and students. Also available with MyLab Math MyLab Math is the teaching and learning platform that empowers instructors to reach every student. By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, MyLab Math personalizes the learning experience and improves results for each student. Note: You are purchasing a standalone product; MyLab Math does not come packaged with this content. Students, if interested in purchasing this title with MyLab Math, ask your instructor to confirm the correct package ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and MyLab Math, search for: 0134996682 / 9780134996684 Calculus: Early Transcendentals, Books a la Carte, and MyLab Math with Pearson eText - Title-Specific Access Card Package, 3/e Package consists of: 013477051X / 9780134770512 Calculus: Early Transcendentals, Books a la Carte Edition 0134856929 / 9780134856926 MyLab Math with Pearson eText - Standalone Access Card - for Calculus: Early Transcendentals |
calculus 3 textbook: Multivariable Calculus Don Shimamoto, 2019-11-17 This book covers the standard material for a one-semester course in multivariable calculus. The topics include curves, differentiability and partial derivatives, multiple integrals, vector fields, line and surface integrals, and the theorems of Green, Stokes, and Gauss. Roughly speaking, the book is organized into three main parts corresponding to the type of function being studied: vector-valued functions of one variable, real-valued functions of many variables, and, finally, the general case of vector-valued functions of many variables. As is always the case, the most productive way for students to learn is by doing problems, and the book is written to get to the exercises as quickly as possible. The presentation is geared towards students who enjoy learning mathematics for its own sake. As a result, there is a priority placed on understanding why things are true and a recognition that, when details are sketched or omitted, that should be acknowledged. Otherwise, the level of rigor is fairly normal. Matrices are introduced and used freely. Prior experience with linear algebra is helpful, but not required. Latest corrected printing: January 8, 2020. Updated information available online at the Open Textbook Library. |
calculus 3 textbook: Problem Book for First Year Calculus George Bluman, 2014-09-01 |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus of Several Variables Serge Lang, 2012-10-17 This new, revised edition covers all of the basic topics in calculus of several variables, including vectors, curves, functions of several variables, gradient, tangent plane, maxima and minima, potential functions, curve integrals, Green’s theorem, multiple integrals, surface integrals, Stokes’ theorem, and the inverse mapping theorem and its consequences. It includes many completely worked-out problems. |
calculus 3 textbook: Intermediate Calculus Murray H. Protter, Charles B. Jr. Morrey, 1996-05-01 |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus James Stewart, 2006-12 Stewart's CALCULUS: CONCEPTS AND CONTEXTS, 3rd Edition focuses on major concepts and supports them with precise definitions, patient explanations, and carefully graded problems. Margin notes clarify and expand on topics presented in the body of the text. The Tools for Enriching Calculus CD-ROM contains visualizations, interactive modules, and homework hints that enrich your learning experience. iLrn Homework helps you identify where you need additional help, and Personal Tutor with SMARTHINKING gives you live, one-on-one online help from an experienced calculus tutor. In addition, the Interactive Video Skillbuilder CD-ROM takes you step-by-step through examples from the book. The new Enhanced Review Edition includes new practice tests with solutions, to give you additional help with mastering the concepts needed to succeed in the course. |
calculus 3 textbook: Basic Multivariable Calculus Jerrold E. Marsden, Anthony Tromba, Alan Weinstein, 1993-03-15 |
calculus 3 textbook: Analysis On Manifolds James R. Munkres, 1997-07-07 A readable introduction to the subject of calculus on arbitrary surfaces or manifolds. Accessible to readers with knowledge of basic calculus and linear algebra. Sections include series of problems to reinforce concepts. |
calculus 3 textbook: Active Calculus Multivariable Steven Schlicker, 2017-07-11 Active Calculus Multivariable is different from most existing texts in at least the following ways: The style of the text requires students to be active learners; there are very few worked examples in the text, with there instead being 3 or 4 activities per section that engage students in connecting ideas, solving problems, and developing understanding of key calculus ideas. Each section begins with motivating questions, a brief introduction, and a preview activity, all of which are designed to be read and completed prior to class. The exercises are few in number and challenging in nature. The book is open source and can be used as a primary or supplemental text. |
calculus 3 textbook: Worldwide Multivariable Calculus David B. Massey, 2012 |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus: Functions and models James Stewart, 2012 |
calculus 3 textbook: The Calculus 7 Louis Leithold, 1996 |
calculus 3 textbook: Advanced Calculus for Applications Francis B. Hildebrand, 2003-01 |
calculus 3 textbook: CALCULUS 1 Edwin Herman, |
calculus 3 textbook: Calculus III Jerrold E. Marsden, Alan Weinstein, 1985 |
Calculus Volume 3 - OpenStax
Study calculus online free by downloading Volume 3 of OpenStax's college Calculus textbook and using our accompanying online resources.
Calculus Volume 1 - OpenStax
Study calculus online free by downloading volume 1 of OpenStax's college Calculus textbook and using our accompanying online resources.
Ch. 1 Introduction - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
In this chapter, we review all the functions necessary to study calculus. We define polynomial, rational, trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions.
1.1 Review of Functions - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
This free textbook is an OpenStax resource written to increase student access to high-quality, peer-reviewed learning materials.
Ch. 5 Introduction - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
In this chapter, we first introduce the theory behind integration and use integrals to calculate areas. From there, we develop the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, which relates differentiation and …
Preface - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
OpenStax is a nonprofit based at Rice University, and it’s our mission to improve student access to education. Our first openly licensed college textboo...
OpenStax
OpenStax
5.2 The Definite Integral - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
The definite integral generalizes the concept of the area under a curve. We lift the requirements that ... be continuous and nonnegative, and define the...
Index - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
This free textbook is an OpenStax resource written to increase student access to high-quality, peer-reviewed learning materials.
Precalculus 2e - OpenStax
Study precalculus online free by downloading OpenStax's Precalculus 2e textbook and using our accompanying online resources including a precalculus study guide.
Calculus Volume 3 - OpenStax
Study calculus online free by downloading Volume 3 of OpenStax's college Calculus textbook and using our accompanying online resources.
Calculus Volume 1 - OpenStax
Study calculus online free by downloading volume 1 of OpenStax's college Calculus textbook and using our accompanying online resources.
Ch. 1 Introduction - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
In this chapter, we review all the functions necessary to study calculus. We define polynomial, rational, trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions.
1.1 Review of Functions - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
This free textbook is an OpenStax resource written to increase student access to high-quality, peer-reviewed learning materials.
Ch. 5 Introduction - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
In this chapter, we first introduce the theory behind integration and use integrals to calculate areas. From there, we develop the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, which relates …
Preface - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
OpenStax is a nonprofit based at Rice University, and it’s our mission to improve student access to education. Our first openly licensed college textboo...
OpenStax
OpenStax
5.2 The Definite Integral - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
The definite integral generalizes the concept of the area under a curve. We lift the requirements that ... be continuous and nonnegative, and define the...
Index - Calculus Volume 1 | OpenStax
This free textbook is an OpenStax resource written to increase student access to high-quality, peer-reviewed learning materials.
Precalculus 2e - OpenStax
Study precalculus online free by downloading OpenStax's Precalculus 2e textbook and using our accompanying online resources including a precalculus study guide.