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| approaches to oral literature: Oral Literature in Africa Ruth Finnegan, 2012-09 Ruth Finnegan's Oral Literature in Africa was first published in 1970, and since then has been widely praised as one of the most important books in its field. Based on years of fieldwork, the study traces the history of storytelling across the continent of Africa. This revised edition makes Finnegan's ground-breaking research available to the next generation of scholars. It includes a new introduction, additional images and an updated bibliography, as well as its original chapters on poetry, prose, drum language and drama, and an overview of the social, linguistic and historical background of oral literature in Africa. This book is the first volume in the World Oral Literature Series, an ongoing collaboration between OBP and World Oral Literature Project. A free online archive of recordings and photographs that Finnegan made during her fieldwork in the late 1960s is hosted by the World Oral Literature Project (http: //www.oralliterature.org/collections/rfinnegan001.html) and can also be accessed from publisher's website. |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Traditions and the Verbal Arts Ruth Finnegan, 2003-09-02 Provides up-to-date guidance on how to approach the study of oral forms and their performances, examining both the practicalities of fieldwork and the methods by which oral texts and performances can be observed, collected and analysed. |
| approaches to oral literature: Approaches to Oral Tradition Robin Thelwall, 1978 |
| approaches to oral literature: Storytelling as Narrative Practice , 2019-07-08 Telling stories is one of the fundamental things we do as humans. Yet in scholarship, stories considered to be “traditional”, such as myths, folk tales, and epics, have often been analyzed separately from the narratives of personal experience that we all tell on a daily basis. In Storytelling as Narrative Practice, editors Elizabeth Falconi and Kathryn Graber argue that storytelling is best understood by erasing this analytic divide. Chapter authors carefully examine language use in-situ, drawing on in-depth knowledge gained from long-term fieldwork, to present rich and nuanced analyses of storytelling-as-narrative-practice across a diverse range of global contexts. Each chapter takes a holistic ethnographic approach to show the practices, processes, and social consequences of telling stories. |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Literature of the Luo Simon Okumba Miruka, 2001 This is the sixth title in a series of titles focussing on the oral literary tradition of various East African ethnic groups - the Maasai, the Embu and the Mbeere amongst others - published by EAEP. Okumba Miruka, particularly known for his contribution to oral literature in Kenya, sets out to contexualise his subject by first explaining about the Luo people and culture - from migratory patterns and economic activity to the concept of divinity, death, warfare and Luo cuisine and eating culture. He then approaches the oral literature of the Luo through the genres of riddles, proverbs, poetry and narratives. For each genre, he offers a general introduction, notes on style, convention, performance and social function, and a wide range of samples, or 'primary texts' with commentaries. |
| approaches to oral literature: Approaches to Oral Literature in Africa Ruth Finnegan, 1970 |
| approaches to oral literature: The Truth about Stories Thomas King, 2003 Winner of the 2003 Trillium Book Award Stories are wondrous things, award-winning author and scholar Thomas King declares in his 2003 CBC Massey Lectures. And they are dangerous. Beginning with a traditional Native oral story, King weaves his way through literature and history, religion and politics, popular culture and social protest, gracefully elucidating North America's relationship with its Native peoples. Native culture has deep ties to storytelling, and yet no other North American culture has been the subject of more erroneous stories. The Indian of fact, as King says, bears little resemblance to the literary Indian, the dying Indian, the construct so powerfully and often destructively projected by White North America. With keen perception and wit, King illustrates that stories are the key to, and only hope for, human understanding. He compels us to listen well. |
| approaches to oral literature: African Oral Literature Russell Kaschula, 2001 Throughout Africa, oral literature is flourishing, though it is perceived by some as anachronistic to the modern world. This work refutes this idea in its entirety by presenting 22 chapters, which firmly place the study of oral literature within contemporary African existence. The study analyzes how oral literature relates to media, music, technology, text, gender, religion, power, politics and globalization. |
| approaches to oral literature: Medieval Oral Literature Karl Reichl, 2011-11-30 Medieval literature is to a large degree shaped by orality, not only with regard to performance, but also to transmission and composition. Although problems of orality have been much discussed by medievalists, there is to date no comprehensive handbook on this topic. ‘Medieval Oral Literature’, a volume in the ‘De Gruyter Lexikon’ series, was written by an international team of twenty-five scholars and offers a thorough discussion of theoretical approaches as well as detailed presentations of individual traditions and genres. In addition to chapters on the oral-formulaic theory, on the interplay of orality and writing in the Early Middle Ages, on performance and performers, on oral poetics and on ritual aspects of orality, there are chapters on the Older Germanic, Romance, Middle High German, Middle English, Celtic, Greek-Byzantine, Russian, Hebrew, Arabic, Persian and Turkish traditions of oral literature. There is a special focus on epic and lyric, genres that are also discussed in separate chapters, with additional chapters on the ballad and on drama. |
| approaches to oral literature: From Conversation to Oral Tradition Raymond F Person, 2015-11-19 This book argues that many of the most prominent features of oral epic poetry in a number of traditions can best be understood as adaptations or stylizations of conversational language use, and advances the claim that if we can understand how conversation is structured, it will aid our understanding of oral traditions. In this study that carefully compares the special grammar of oral traditions to the grammar of everyday conversation as understood in the field of conversation analysis, Raymond Person demonstrates that traditional phraseology, including formulaic language, is an adaptation of practices in turn construction in conversation, such as sound-selection of words and prosody, and that thematic structures are adaptations of sequence organization in talk-in-interaction. From this he concludes that the special grammar of oral traditions can be understood as an example of institutional talk that exaggerates certain conversational practices for aesthetic purposes and that draws from cognitive resources found in everyday conversation. Person’s research will be of interest to conversation analysts as well as literary scholars, especially those interested in ancient and medieval literature, the comparative study of oral traditions and folklore, and linguistic approaches to literature. This volume lays the groundwork for further interdisciplinary work bridging the fields of literature and linguistics. |
| approaches to oral literature: How to Read a Folktale Lee Haring, 2013-10-24 How to Read a Folktale offers the first English translation of Ibonia, a spellbinding tale of old Madagascar. Ibonia is a folktale on epic scale. Much of its plot sounds familiar: a powerful royal hero attempts to rescue his betrothed from an evil adversary and, after a series of tests and duels, he and his lover are joyfully united with a marriage that affirms the royal lineage. These fairytale elements link Ibonia with European folktales, but the tale is still very much a product of Madagascar. It contains African-style praise poetry for the hero; it presents Indonesian-style riddles and poems; and it inflates the form of folktale into epic proportions. Recorded when the Malagasy people were experiencing European contact for the first time, Ibonia proclaims the power of the ancestors against the foreigner. Through Ibonia, Lee Haring expertly helps readers to understand the very nature of folktales. His definitive translation, originally published in 1994, has now been fully revised to emphasize its poetic qualities, while his new introduction and detailed notes give insight into the fascinating imagination and symbols of the Malagasy. Haring’s research connects this exotic narrative with fundamental questions not only of anthropology but also of literary criticism. |
| approaches to oral literature: A Multidimensional Approach to Oral Literature Heda Jason, 1968 |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Literary Performance in Africa Nduka Otiono, Chiji Akọma, 2021-05-31 This book delivers an admirably comprehensive and rigorous analysis of African oral literatures and performance. Gathering insights from distinguished scholars in the field, the book provides a range of contemporary interdisciplinary perspectives in the study of oral literature and its transformations in everyday life, fiction, poetry, popular culture, and postcolonial politics. Topics discussed include folklore and folklife; oral performance and masculinities; intermediated orality, modern transformations, and globalisation; orality and mass media; spoken word and imaginative writing. The book also addresses research methodologies and the thematic and theoretical trajectories of scholars of African oral literatures, looking back to the trailblazing legacies of Ruth Finnegan, Harold Scheub, and Isidore Okpewho. Ambitious in scope and incisive in its analysis, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of African literatures and oral performance as well as to general readers interested in the dynamics of cultural production. |
| approaches to oral literature: Theory of Literature Rene Wellek, Austin Warren, 2024-04-02 Theory of Literature was born from the collaboration of Ren Wellek, a Vienna-born student of Prague School linguistics, and Austin Warren, an independently minded old New Critic. Unlike many other textbooks of its era, however, this classic kowtows to no dogma and toes no party line. Wellek and Warren looked at literature as both a social product--influenced by politics, economics, etc.--as well as a self-contained system of formal structures. Incorporating examples from Aristotle to Coleridge, written in clear, uncondescending prose, Theory of Literature is a work which, especially in its suspicion of simplistic explanations and its distrust of received wisdom, remains extremely relevant to the study of literature today. |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Literary Worlds Sara Marzagora, Francesca Orsini, 2025-01-31 The discipline of world literature has traditionally focused on written literatures, particularly the novel, with little emphasis placed on the unwritten verbal arts, despite the significance of oral literary expressions around the world, in the past as in the present. This volume redresses this gap by putting the discipline of world literature into dialogue with scholarship on orature and folklore. It asks, what does world literature look like if we start from orature, from oral texts and utterances, and from the performances and audiences that support it? Featuring contributions from an international array of scholars, Oral Literary Worlds explores oral traditions from three multilingual regions: the Maghreb, East Africa and South Asia. Essays discuss a variety of vernacular genres, from Swahili tumbuizo to Na’o folk songs, shedding light on less studied forms of vernacular oral production. Collectively, the contributions critique the characterisation of oral traditions as static and pre-modern, and underscore the contemporary relevance of orature to cultural and political discourse. Oral Literary Worlds offers a timely and accessible perspective on world literature through the lens of orature, moving away from traditional hierarchies and dichotomies that have characterised previous scholarship. It aims to open up new ways of thinking through local and transnational textual circulation, literary power dynamics, the interaction between textuality and audiences, and aesthetic philosophies. This volume will be an invaluable resource for scholars of world literature, folklore and performance studies, and will further interest teachers and students of popular culture, literature of dissent and music. |
| approaches to oral literature: Orality and Literacy Walter J. Ong, 2003-12-16 This classic work explores the vast differences between oral and literate cultures offering a very clear account of the intellectual, literary and social effects of writing, print and electronic technology. In the course of his study, Walter J. Ong offers fascinating insights into oral genres across the globe and through time, and examines the rise of abstract philosophical and scientific thinking. He considers the impact of orality-literacy studies not only on literary criticism and theory but on our very understanding of what it is to be a human being, conscious of self and other. This is a book no reader, writer or speaker should be without. |
| approaches to oral literature: The Oxford Handbook of Indigenous American Literature James Howard Cox, Daniel Heath Justice, 2014 Over the course of the last twenty years, Native American and Indigenous American literary studies has experienced a dramatic shift from a critical focus on identity and authenticity to the intellectual, cultural, political, historical, and tribal nation contexts from which these Indigenous literatures emerge. The Oxford Handbook of Indigenous American Literature reflects on these changes and provides a complete overview of the current state of the field. The Handbook's forty-three essays, organized into four sections, cover oral traditions, poetry, drama, non-fiction, fiction, and other forms of Indigenous American writing from the seventeenth through the twenty-first century. Part I attends to literary histories across a range of communities, providing, for example, analyses of Inuit, Chicana/o, Anishinaabe, and M tis literary practices. Part II draws on earlier disciplinary and historical contexts to focus on specific genres, as authors discuss Indigenous non-fiction, emergent trans-Indigenous autobiography, Mexicanoh and Spanish poetry, Native drama in the U.S. and Canada, and even a new Indigenous children's literature canon. The third section delves into contemporary modes of critical inquiry to expound on politics of place, comparative Indigenism, trans-Indigenism, Native rhetoric, and the power of Indigenous writing to communities of readers. A final section thoroughly explores the geographical breadth and expanded definition of Indigenous American through detailed accounts of literature from Indian Territory, the Red Atlantic, the far North, Yucat n, Amerika Samoa, and Francophone Quebec. Together, the volume is the most comprehensive and expansive critical handbook of Indigenous American literatures published to date. It is the first to fully take into account the last twenty years of recovery and scholarship, and the first to most significantly address the diverse range of texts, secondary archives, writing traditions, literary histories, geographic and political contexts, and critical discourses in the field. |
| approaches to oral literature: Introduction to African Oral Literature and Performance Bayo Ogunjimi, Abdul Rasheed Na'allah, Abdul Rasheed Naʼallah, 2005 Rev. ed. of: Introduction to African oral literature. c1991. |
| approaches to oral literature: Traditional Oral Epic John Miles Foley, 2023-07-28 John Miles Foley offers an innovative and straightforward approach to the structural analysis of oral and oral-derived traditional texts. Professor Foley argues that to give the vast and complex body of oral literature its due, we must first come to terms with the endemic heterogeneity of traditional oral epics, with their individual histories, genres, and documents, as well as both the synchronic and diachronic aspects of their poetics. Until now, the emphasis in studies of oral traditional works has been placed on addressing the correspondences among traditions—shared structures of formula, theme, and story-pattern. Traditional Oral Epic explores the incongruencies among traditions and focuses on the qualities specific to certain oral and oral-derived works. It is certain to inspire further research in this field. John Miles Foley offers an innovative and straightforward approach to the structural analysis of oral and oral-derived traditional texts. Professor Foley argues that to give the vast and complex body of oral literature its due, we must first come to ter |
| approaches to oral literature: Contemporary Oral Literature Fieldwork Peter Wasamba, 2015-10-19 Contemporary Oral Literature Fieldwork is based on rich research experience dating back to the 1990s. The book is written against the backdrop of Africas confusion with regard to the place of oral literature in the face of the rest of the world, where oral literature exists in conjunction with new literary forms. Wasamba argues that the oral and the written literatures are complementary literary forms. Throughout the work, the author underscores the universal dimension of oral literature as he demonstrates its particular attributes. |
| approaches to oral literature: Tales of Darkness and Light Soso Tham, 2018-04-25 Soso Tham (1873–1940), the acknowledged poet laureate of the Khasis of northeastern India, was one of the first writers to give written poetic form to the rich oral tradition of his people. Poet of landscape, myth and memory, Soso Tham paid rich and poignant tribute to his tribe in his masterpiece The Old Days of the Khasis. Janet Hujon’s vibrant new translation presents the English reader with Tham’s long poem, which keeps a rich cultural tradition of the Khasi people alive through its retelling of old narratives and acts as a cultural signpost for their literary identity. This book is essential reading for anyone with an interest in Indian literature and culture and in the interplay between oral traditions and written literary forms. This edition includes: • English translation • Critical apparatus • Embedded audio recordings of the original text |
| approaches to oral literature: The Oral and Beyond Ruth H. Finnegan, 2007 Ruth Finnegan examines the verbal arts in Africa and looks at whether the image of Africa as the 'oral' continent stands up to a more comparative and critical approach to 'orality' and performance. |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Literature for Children Aaron Mushengyezi, 2013 This book is the first ever major effort to document and study hundreds of texts from an African (Ugandan) oral culture for children – folktales, riddles, and rhymes – and at the same time to make them available in the local Languages and to focus on their cultural and national value. The author surveys the history of collecting in Uganda and situates the texts in their broader geographical, historical, socio-cultural and educational Setting, including the early collecting efforts of heritage-minded Ugandans and European missionaries. Most of this preservational work is elusive and under-explored – so that the present book constitutes a major pioneering summary of Ugandan oral culture for children. The book addresses key questions such as: What happens when we collect, transcribe, and translate an oral text? How do we transfer components of the oral text to the page? What are the challenges of translating oral forms targeting specifi¬cally a child Audience, and what choices ought to be made in the process? The book provides possible ways of rethink¬ing the debate about orality and literacy as modes of representation – the generic interrelationship between the oral and the written text, and how the two can enter dialogue through transcription and translation. The latter are effective means to archive these oral forms for children and use them to promote literacy and numeracy skills in predominantly oral communities. In the current institutions of formal education in Uganda, this coexistence of orality and literacy is evident in the class¬room environment, where the oral text is turned into words on the page to encourage literacy. Through transcription, the collector is able to capture oral texts in other forms – audio, written, visual, and digital. With the new technologies available, the task is not as arduous as in the past, and the information thus captured is made available in all its wealth for purposes of instruction or entertainment. |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Tradition and Literary Dependency Terence C. Mournet, 2005 Revised thesis (Ph.D.) - University, Durham, UK, 2003. |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Poetry Ruth Finnegan, 2025-05-28 This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the vast field of 'oral poetry,' encompassing everything from American folksongs, contemporary pop songs, and Inuit lyrics, to the heroic epics of Homer, biblical psalms, and epic traditions in Asia and the Pacific. Taking a broad comparative approach, it explores oral poetry across Africa, Asia, Oceania, Europe, and the Americas. Drawing on global research, Ruth Finnegan, the author of the seminal Oral Literature in Africa, sheds light on key debates such as the nature of oral tradition, the relationship between poetry and society, the differences between oral and written forms, and the role of poets in predominantly non-literate contexts. Written from a primarily anthropological and literary perspective, this study contributes to the socio-cultural aspects of verbal art while also engaging with the literary dimensions of poetry which happens at any given moment to be unwritten. Finnegan's clear, non-technical language and extensive use of translated examples make this work accessible to a wide audience, appealing not only to sociologists and anthropologists but also to those with an interest in poetry, in comparative literature, and in global folk traditions. The re-issue of this classic study is now augmented by further illustrations and a newly written Introduction and Conclusion, situating it in the context of the contemporary study of literature. |
| approaches to oral literature: African Oral Literature Isidore Okpewho, 1992-09-22 . . . its pages come alive with wonderful illustrative material coupled with sensitve and insightful commentary. —Reviews in Anthropology . . . the scope, breadth, and lucidity of this excellent study confirm that Okpewho is undoubtedly the most important authority writing on African oral literature right now . . . —Research in African Literatures Truly a tour de force of individual scholarship . . . —World Literature Today . . . excellent . . . —African Affairs . . . a thorough synthesis of the main issues of oral literature criticism, as well as a grounding in experienced fieldwork, a wide-ranging theoretical base, and a clarity of argument rare among academics. —Multicultural Review This is a breathtakingly ambitious project . . . —Harold Scheub . . . a definitive accounting of the evidence of living oral traditions in Africa today. Professor Okpewho's authority as an expert in this important new field is unrivaled. —Gregory Nagy Isidore Okpewho's African Oral Literature is a marvelous piece of scholarship and wide-ranging research. It presents the most comprehensive survey of the field of oral literature in Africa. —Emmanuel Obiechina . . . a tour de force of scholarship in which Okpewho casts his net across the African continent, searching for its verbal forms through voluminous recent writings and presents African oral literature in a new voice, proclaiming the literariness of African folklore. —Dan Ben-Amos This is an outstanding book by a scholar whose work has already influenced how African literature should be conceived. . . . Professor Okpewho is a scholar with a special talent to nurture scholarship in others. After this work, African literature will never be the same. —Mazisi Kunene Isidore Okpewho, for many years Professor of English at the University of Ibadan, is one of the handful of African scholars who has facilitated the growth of African oral literature to its status today as a literary enterprise concerned with the artistic foundations of human culture. This comprehensive critical work firmly establishes oral literature as a landmark of high artistic achievement and situates it within the broader framework of contemporary African culture. |
| approaches to oral literature: Reflections on Theories and Methods in Oral Literature Duncan Okoth-Okombo, Jane Nandwa, 1992 |
| approaches to oral literature: Encounter with Oral Literature Simon Okumba Miruka, 1994 The author has undertaken extensive research in oral literature and is the author of A Dictionary of Oral Literature. Here he uses an anthological approach to examine the various genres of oral literature both at the theoretical and analytical level. The anthology emphasises the areas of definition, classification, style and themes. The book is essentially an analysis of the four genres of riddles, proverbs, oral poetry and narratives. It introduces a new way of looking at oral literature, particularly in the case of riddles and proverbs which have received little analytical attention locally in terms of classifying them and discussing their styles and social functions. The author contends that the four genres exist in a continuum rather than as disparate phenomena. |
| approaches to oral literature: The Interface of Orality and Writing Annette Weissenrieder, Robert B. Coote, 2015-10-13 How did the visual, the oral, and the written interrelate in antiquity? The essays in this collection address the competing and complementary roles of visual media, forms of memory, oral performance, and literacy and popular culture in the ancient Mediterranean world. Incorporating both customary and innovative perspectives, the essays advance the frontiers of our understanding of the nature of ancient texts as regards audibility and performance, the vital importance of the visual in the comprehension of texts, and basic concepts of communication, particularly the need to account for disjunctive and non-reciprocal social relations in communication. Thus the contributions show how the investigation of the interface of the oral and written, across the spectrum of seeing, hearing, and writing, generates new concepts of media and mediation. |
| approaches to oral literature: Storytelling Encyclopedia David A. Leeming, Marion Sader, 1997-09-23 Mahabharata, maiden, Mali storytelling, marriage, masks and masquerade, Mayan storytelling, Mende storytelling, Mexican storytelling, Midrashim, Minotaur, miraculous birth, Monkey King, Moon, morality tale, Moses, motifs, Muhammad, myth, native North American storytelling, Navajo storytelling, Nigerian storytelling, Norse storytelling, number symbolism (zero, one, two three, four, seven, ten, twelve, forty) numbers, nursery rhymes, Odysseus, Oedipus, Oglala Sioux storytelling, origin stories, Penobscot storytelling, Persephone, Persian storytelling, Phoenix, plays, plot, poems, Polynesian storytelling, psychoanalysis, psychology, quest Brer Rabbit, rainbow serpent, raven, rebirth, Red Riding Hood, Rhiannon, riddles, romance, Scandinavian storytelling, serpent, William Shakespeare, Sioux storytelling, Song of Roland, Spanish storytelling, spell, wicked stepmother, Swedish storytelling, symbolism, tall tales, Thai storytelling, Thousand One Nights, Tibetan storytelling, tortoise, trees, trickster, trolls, troubadour, Troy, Uncle Remus, Valhalla, Valmiki, vampire, verse story, Virgin Mary, virginity, water Welsh storytelling, witch, women, Yahweh, Yiddish storytelling, Yoruba storytelling, Zeus, etc. |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Tradition and the Internet John Miles Foley, 2012-08-02 The major purpose of this book is to illustrate and explain the fundamental similarities and correspondences between humankind's oldest and newest thought-technologies: oral tradition and the Internet. Despite superficial differences, both technologies are radically alike in depending not on static products but rather on continuous processes, not on What? but on How do I get there? In contrast to the fixed spatial organization of the page and book, the technologies of oral tradition and the Internet mime the way we think by processing along pathways within a network. In both media it's pathways--not things--that matter. To illustrate these ideas, this volume is designed as a morphing book, a collection of linked nodes that can be read in innumerable different ways. Doing nothing less fundamental than challenging the default medium of the linear book and page and all that they entail, Oral Tradition and the Internet shows readers that there are large, complex, wholly viable, alternative worlds of media-technology out there--if only they are willing to explore, to think outside the usual, culturally constructed categories. This brick-and-mortar book exists as an extension of The Pathways Project (http://pathwaysproject.org), an open-access online suite of chapter-nodes, linked websites, and multimedia all dedicated to exploring and demonstrating the dynamic relationship between oral tradition and Internet technology |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Tradition and the New Testament Rafael Rodriguez, 2013-12-05 The last three decades have seen an explosion of biblical scholarship on the presence and consequences of the oral expression of tradition among Jesus' followers, especially in the earliest decades of the Common Era. There is a wealth of scholarship focused on 'orality'. This scholarship is, however, abstract and technical almost by definition, and to date no introductory discussion exists that can introduce a new generation of biblical students to the issues being discussed at higher levels of scholarship. Rafael Rodriguez address this gap. Rodriguez adopts a fourfold structure to cover the topic, beginning with basic essentials for further discussion of oral-tradition research and definitions of key terms (the 'what'). He then moves on to discuss the key players in this area (the 'who') before examining the methods involved in oral-tradition research among New Testament scholars (the 'how'). Finally Rodriguez provides examples of the ways in which oral-tradition research can bring texts into clearer focus (the 'why'). The result is a comprehensive introduction to this key area in New Testament studies. |
| approaches to oral literature: Oral Tradition and Synoptic Verbal Agreement TM Derico, 2017-09-28 Synoptic pericopae is a reliable indicator of literary borrowing by the Synoptic Evangelists. In Oral Tradition and Synoptic Verbal Agreement, T.M. Derico presents a critical assessment of that claim through a consideration of the most recent empirical evidence concerning the kinds and amounts of verbal agreement that can be produced among independent performances of oral traditions. |
| approaches to oral literature: U.S. History P. Scott Corbett, Volker Janssen, John M. Lund, Todd Pfannestiel, Sylvie Waskiewicz, Paul Vickery, 2024-09-10 U.S. History is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of most introductory courses. The text provides a balanced approach to U.S. history, considering the people, events, and ideas that have shaped the United States from both the top down (politics, economics, diplomacy) and bottom up (eyewitness accounts, lived experience). U.S. History covers key forces that form the American experience, with particular attention to issues of race, class, and gender. |
| approaches to oral literature: How to Read an Oral Poem John Miles Foley, 2002 Drawing on many examples including an American slam poet, a Tibetan paper-singer, a South African praise-poet, and an ancient Greek bard (Homer) the author shows that although oral poetry predates writing it continues to be a vital culture-making and communications tool. Based on research on epics, folktales, lyrics, laments, charms, etc.--Back cover. |
| approaches to oral literature: From the Margin Anthony Julian Tamburri, Paolo Giordano, Fred L. Gardaphe, Fred L. Gardaphé, 1991 This anthology, hailed as a significant contribution to American ethnic studies, features the short stories, poems, and plays of more than thirty Italian American artists. Drawing on their individual and collective backgrounds and experience, these writers convey another vision of American fife. A section of critical essays by established scholars in the field, with topics ranging from specific works and authors to broad literary movements and film studies, analyzes the Italian American phenomenon and the role of ethnicity in literature. The extensive bibliography treats creative works, critical essays, and films dealing with the Italian American experience and promises to be an invaluable research tool. |
| approaches to oral literature: An Oral-Formulaic Study of the Qur'an Andrew G. Bannister, 2014-04-24 This unique book uses innovative computerized oral-formulaic analysis of the Arabic text of the Qur’an to demonstrate that much of the Qur’an was composed live in oral performance. It explores the rich oral culture that both predated and preceded the Qur’an’s formative period, and shows that only by viewing the Qur’an through an oral lens can one begin to properly understand the process by which it first coalesced. |
| approaches to oral literature: A Qualitative Approach to the Validation of Oral Language Tests Anne Lazaraton, University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate, 2002-07-18 This book aims to provide language testers with a background in the conversation analytic framework. |
| approaches to oral literature: African Traditional Oral Literature and Visual Cultures as Pedagogical Tools in Diverse Classroom Contexts Lewis Asimeng-Boahene, Michael Baffoe, 2018-06-15 This book explores how African oral literature and visual cultures enrich education, highlighting the overlooked value of Traditional Indigenous Knowledge Systems (TIKS). It challenges colonial narratives, broadens epistemology, and calls for global research to foster inclusive knowledge. |
| approaches to oral literature: Or Words to That Effect Daniel F. Chamberlain, J. Edward Chamberlin, 2016-01-27 This volume raises questions about why oral celebrations of language receive so little attention in published literary histories when they are simultaneously recognized as fundamental to our understanding of literature. It aims to prompt debate regarding the transformations needed for literary historians to provide a more balanced and fuller appreciation of what we call literature, one that acknowledges the interdependence of oral storytelling and written expression, whether in print, pictorial, or digital form. Rather than offering a summary of current theories or prescribing solutions, this volume brings together distinguished scholars, conventional literary historians, and oral performer-practitioners from regions as diverse as South Africa, the Canadian Arctic, the Roma communities of Eastern Europe and the music industry of the American West in a conversation that engages the reader directly with the problems that they have encountered and the questions that they have explored in their work with orality and with literary history. |
word choice - "Approach to" or "approach for" - English Language ...
approach to NOUN. When used as a verb, 'approach' takes no preposition. However, when as a noun, it requires a preposition, otherwise you end up with two nouns in a row: "The pilot's …
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Wholistic vs holistic - English Language & Usage Stack Exchange
"Wholistic" was first used in 1941, while "Holistic" was first used in 1926. (O.E.D) But none the less, "wholistic" is the preferred word when describing something viewed a whole, rather than …
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Origin of "the beatings will continue until morale improves"
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word choice - "Approach to" or "approach for" - English Language ...
approach to NOUN. When used as a verb, 'approach' takes no preposition. However, when as a noun, it requires a preposition, otherwise you end up with two nouns in a row: "The pilot's …
meaning - Approach to vs. approach for - English Language
Apr 29, 2018 · approach to something: Two approaches to particle-size analysis were employed. approach to doing something: Psychologists have taken many different approaches to …
Wholistic vs holistic - English Language & Usage Stack Exchange
"Wholistic" was first used in 1941, while "Holistic" was first used in 1926. (O.E.D) But none the less, "wholistic" is the preferred word when describing something viewed a whole, rather than …
phrase requests - What's an idiom for doing something in an ...
Sep 27, 2011 · Take direct action to solve a problem without looking for other, less demanding, approaches. but elsewhere I can only find it defined as tackling a difficult situation decisively. …
What is a term or expression for a very imaginative person?
Someone who has a lot of ideas and different (efficient/productive) approaches in dealing with various situations. Someone who always comes up with some/another different, unexpected …
How to express something opened my eyes to something in English?
Dec 26, 2016 · I have moved to another country, learned many things about people, their approaches to living, points of view and so forth. And this experience has opened my …
"It is worth mentioning" versus "it is worth to mention"
What’s the right way to use the phrase it is worth? Which of the following two approaches is right, and how they are different? It is worth mentioning that [. . .] It is worth to mention that [. . .]
Origin of "the beatings will continue until morale improves"
Mr. McCleave: It is possible they have not lost their sense of humour, and that is one way to look at the situation. But I presume that application must be made for leave and this is a matter …
meaning - Difference between tend and tend to - English …
Mar 20, 2017 · What's the difference between "tend" and "tend to" somebody/something? (concerning the meaning of the word in the sense of caring/attending) I have read the …
Where should the apostrophe go on a possessive abbreviation?
Jun 13, 2016 · It seems to me that either of these latter two approaches is superior to either of the earlier two approaches because the latter two approaches are internally consistent and don't …
