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| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Archaea Ricardo Cavicchioli, 2007 Fully describes the molecular cell biology of the archaea in one accessible and readable volume. - Describes the key cellular processes such as DNA replication, transcription, translation, lipids and metabolism. - Explains their unique features including aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis, signal transduction, and post-translational modification. - Details the latest discoveries of the twenty-first century and anticipates new progress expected in the future. - Serves as an essential reference for researchers, instructors, practitioners in the field, and students of the unique qualities of archaea. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Archaea Roger A. Garrett, Hans-Peter Klenk, 2008-05-12 Introduced by Crafoord Prize winner Carl Woese, this volumecombines reviews of the major developments in archaeal researchover the past 10–15 years with more specialized articlesdealing with important recent breakthroughs. Drawing on majorthemes presented at the June 2005 meeting held in Munich to honorthe archaea pioneers Wolfram Zillig and Karl O. Stetter, the bookprovides a thorough survey of the field from its controversialbeginnings to its ongoing expansion to include aspects ofeukaryotic biology. The editors have assembled articles from the premier researchersin this rapidly burgeoning field, including an account by CarlWoese of his original discovery of the Archaea (until 1990 termedarchaebacteria) and the initially mixed reactions of the scientificcommunity. The review chapters and specialized articles address theemerging significance of the Archaea within a broader scientificand technological context, and include accounts of cutting-edgeresearch developments. The book spans archaeal evolution,physiology, and molecular and cellular biology and will be anessential reference for both graduate students and researchers. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: The Biochemistry of Archaea (Archaebacteria) M. Kates, D.J. Kushner, A.T. Matheson, 1993-12-13 In the last 10 years, considerable information has accumulated on the biochemistry of archaea. In this volume, the subject as a whole is treated in a comprehensive manner. The book brings together recent knowledge concerning general metabolism, bioenergetics, molecular biology and genetics, membrane lipid and cell-wall structural chemistry and evolutionary relations, of the three major groups of archaea: the extreme halophiles, the extreme thermophiles, and the methanogens.Subjects included are: the evolutionary relationship of these microorganisms to all other living cells; special metabolic features of archeaea; protein structural chemistry; cell envelopes; molecular biology in archaea including DNA structure and replication, transcription apparatus, translation apparatus, and ribosomal structure; and a final chapter on the molecular genetics of archaea. This comprehensive scope ensures its usefulness to researchers, and stimulates further study in this rapidly developing field. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Archaea Sébastien Ferreira-Cerca, 2022-09-20 This volume provides an overview of well-established methods optimized for diverse archaeal model organisms and is a source of protocols facilitating access to the molecular and cellular biology characterization of these fascinating organisms. Chapters are divided into five parts detailing available genetic tools, molecular and cellular biology methods, strategies to study the ecophysiology of archaea, and classroom protocol. Each main thematic part is also introduced by future-oriented and authoritative primers. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Archaea: Methods and Protocols aims to be a foundation for future studies and to be a source of inspiration for new investigations in the field. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 2002 |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Molecular, Cellular, and Ecological Processes of Haloarchaea Yan Liao, Iain G. Duggin, Maria Ines Gimenez , Zhengshuang Hua, 2025-05-07 Extremely halophilic archaea (salt-loving archaea), termed haloarchaea, constitute one of the largest groups within the Archaea and inhabit the most hypersaline environments on Earth. Due to their easy cultivation in the laboratory and rapid growth kinetics, haloarchaea are excellent models for studying cell biology of Archaea. Research into haloarchaea have enabled tremendous progress in various areas of archaeal biology including genetic evolution, gene expression and regulation, protein synthesis and adaptation, structural dynamics, and various biotechnological applications. The detailed investigation of survival and adaptation mechanisms of haloarchaea to high salt environments have provided key insights into the boundaries of life, improving our knowledge on life evolution on Earth and expanding the realms possible for the search for extraterrestrial life. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Archaeal Cell Envelope and Surface Structures Sonja-Verena Albers, Mecky Pohlschroder, 2016-03-10 Archaea and Bacteria have complex cell envelopes that play important roles in several vital cellular processes, including serving as a barrier that protects the cytoplasm from the environment. Along with associated proteinaceous structures, cell envelopes also ensure cell stability, promote motility, mediate adherence to biotic and abiotic surfaces, and facilitate communication with the extracellular environment. While some aspects of the biosynthesis and structure of the cell are similar to the three domains of life, archaeal cell envelopes exhibit several unique characteristics. Moreover, recent analyzes have revealed that many features of cell envelopes can vary greatly between distantly related archaea. The collection of reviews and original research papers in this focused issue describes research that has been significantly expanded in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the biogenesis and functions of archaeal cell envelopes and their constituent surface structures. Jain et al. (5) cytoplasmic membrane, isoprenoid lipid bilayer, as well as recently revealed the cytoplasmic membrane biosynthesis, which is conserved across the three domains of life. Complementing this review, Andreas Klingl summarizes the diverse structures and functions of archaeal cytoplasmic membranes (8). While most archaeal cells have a single membrane, the archaea have an outer membrane, which has been thought of in a different variety of archaeal lineages. One particular intriguing diderm is the hyperthermophilic archaeon. In the periplasmic space, ATP in the periplasmic space. Complementing this work, Kletzin provides an in-depth review of evolutionarily conserved and unique archaeal inner and outer membrane-associated cytochromes (7). The periplasmic space between the membranes of archaeal diderms does not contain a peptidoclycan layer. In fact, while the cytoplasmic membrane is superimposed by an S-layer in many monoderm archaea, it is unclear how diderms, and even some monoderm extremophiles that varnish to S-layer, withstand osmotic stress. As noted by Klingl (8), glycocalyx, lipoglycans, or other protective cell-associated glycoproteins, may take on the functions of a cell wall in some archaea. One such secreted protein, as described by Zenke et al., Is the halomucin of Haloquadratum walsbyi (15). While H. walsbyi does not have a cell wall, halomucine, an unusually large protein (9159aa), is thought to play an important role in protecting these extreme halophiles against desiccation. Interestingly, Candidatus Altiarchaeum hamiconexum, an uncultured diderm euryarchaeon, isolated from biofilms containing hammers, cell surface proteins with the appearance of grappling hooks that connect cells to each other and to abiotic surfaces. Perra's stunning imagery suggests that this is the case with the S-layer glycoproteins, possibly suggesting a case of divergent evolution (12). [0003] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the preparation of a medical device, Are conserved across the prokaryotic domains, being found in the majority of sequenced archaea, where, as in bacteria, they play key roles in processes necessary for biofilm formation (10, 13). Interestingly, as discussed by Albers and Jarrell (1), as well as Näther et al. (11), a type IV pilus-like structure is responsible for swimming motility in archaea. Many secreted proteins, including the S-layer glycoprotein and pilin-like proteins, are heavily post-translationally modified. [1]. [0002] The known proteolytic modifications of the proteins of the model haloarchaeon [1], vol. Using the results of proteomic studies, Leon et al. (9), providing an invaluable resource in silico prediction tools for the characterization of archaeal proteins, in general, but also specific phyla. Kandiba and Eichler review our current knowledge of N-glycosylation in archaea, including descriptions of the pathways the regulatory roles of this post-translational modification plays in cellular processes (6). Considering the unique aspects of the archaeal cell envelope, including not only the protein structures, but their post-translational modifications as well, it is not surprising that archaeal viruses have evolved specific mechanisms to infect and egress from archaeal cells, which are reviewed in this Issue by Quemin and Quax (14). Understanding the roles that can be seen in this book is a study of the development of biofuels in the field of bioinformatics, including mucosa-associated methanogenic archaea, can (2). (2) In this paper, Archaeal cell membranes and S-layer glycoproteins have been used to make liposomes and nanomaterials. Finally, a better understanding of the similarities and differences among the archaea as well as between the archaea and the other two domains will lead to the development of a more accurate phylogeny. In this issue, Forterre takes advantage of the latest profusion of genome studies, along with supporting in vivo work, to assemble an improved tree of life (3). Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that this is not the case. Acknowledgments The support of the National Science Foundation MCB-1413158 to MP and the ERC starting grant 311523 (archaellum) to SA are gratefully acknowledged. References: 1. Albers SV & Jarrell KF (2015) The archaellum: how Archaea swim. Frontiers in microbiology 6:23. 2. Bang C, et al. (2014) Biofilm formation of mucosa-associated methanoarchaeal strains. Frontiers in microbiology 5: 353. 3. Forterre P (2015) The Universal Tree: an update. Frontiers in Microbiology, in 4. Gimenez MI, Cerletti M, & De Castro RE (2015) Archaeal membrane-associated proteases: insights on Haloferax volcanii and other haloarchaea. Frontiers in microbiology 6:39. 5. Jain S, Caforio A, & Driessen AJ (2014) Biosynthesis of archaeal membrane ether lipids. Frontiers in microbiology 5: 641. 6. Kandiba L & Eichler J (2014) Archaeal S-layer glycoproteins: post-translational modification in the face of extremes. Frontiers in microbiology 5: 661. 7. Kletzin A, et al. (2015) Cytochromes c in Archaea: distribution, maturation, cell architecture, and the special case of Ignicoccus hospitalis. Frontiers in microbiology 6: 439. 8. Klingl A (2014) S-layer and cytoplasmic membrane - exceptions from the typical archaeal cell wall with a focus on double membranes. Frontiers in microbiology 5: 624. 9. Leon DR, et al. (2015) Mining proteomic data to expose protein modifications to methanosarcina mazei strain Go1. Frontiers in microbiology 6: 149. 10. Losensky G, Vidakovic L, Klingl A, Pfeifer F, & Frols S (2014) Novel pili-like surface structures of Halobacterium salinarum strain R1 are crucial for surface adhesion. Frontiers in microbiology 5: 755. 11. Nather-Schindler DJ, Schopf S, Bellack A, Rachel R, & Wirth R (2014) Pyrococcus furiosus flagella: biochemical and transcriptional analyzes identify the newly detected flaB0 gene to encode the major flagellin. Frontiers in microbiology 5: 695. 12. Perras AK, et al. (2015) S-layers at second glance? Altiarchaeal grappling hooks (hami) resemble archaeal S-layer proteins in structure and sequence. Frontiers in microbiology 6: 543. 13. Pohlschroder M & Esquivel RN (2015) Archaeal type IV pili and their involvement in biofilm formation. Frontiers in microbiology 6:19. 14. Quemin ER & Quax TE (2015) Archaeal viruses at the cell envelope: entry and egress. Frontiers in microbiology 6: 552. 15. Zenke R, et al. (2015) fluorescence microscopy visualization of halomucin, a secreted 927 kDa protein surrounding haloquadratum walsbyi cells. Frontiers in microbiology 6: 249. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Archaeal Ribosomes: Biogenesis, Structure and Function Paola Londei, Anna La Teana, Sébastien Ferreira-Cerca, 2022-01-24 |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Prokaryotic Cell Wall Compounds Helmut König, Harald Claus, Ajit Varma, 2010-03-18 Microbial cell wall structures play a significant role in maintaining cells’ shape, as protecting layers against harmful agents, in cell adhesion and in positive and negative biological activities with host cells. All prokaryotes, whether they are bacteria or archaea, rely on their surface polymers for these multiple functions. Their surfaces serve as the indispensable primary interfaces between the cell and its surroundings, often mediating or catalyzing important interactions. Prokaryotic Cell Wall Compounds summarizes the current state of knowledge on the prokaryotic cell wall. Topics concerning bacterial and archaeal polymeric cell wall structures, biological activities, growth and inhibition, cell wall interactions and the applications of cell wall components, especially in the field of nanobiotechnology, are presented. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics Stanley Maloy, Kelly Hughes, 2013-03-03 The explosion of the field of genetics over the last decade, with the new technologies that have stimulated research, suggests that a new sort of reference work is needed to keep pace with such a fast-moving and interdisciplinary field. Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set, builds on the foundation of the first edition by addressing many of the key subfields of genetics that were just in their infancy when the first edition was published. The currency and accessibility of this foundational content will be unrivalled, making this work useful for scientists and non-scientists alike.Featuring relatively short entries on genetics topics written by experts in that topic, Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set provides an effective way to quickly learn about any aspect of genetics, from Abortive Transduction to Zygotes. Adding to its utility, the work provides short entries that briefly define key terms, and a guide to additional reading and relevant websites for further study. Many of the entries include figures to explain difficult concepts. Key terms in related areas such as biochemistry, cell, and molecular biology are also included, and there are entries that describe historical figures in genetics, providing insights into their careers and discoveries. This 7-volume set represents a 25% expansion from the first edition, with over 1600 articles encompassing this burgeoning field Thoroughly up-to-date, with many new topics and subfields covered that were in their infancy or not inexistence at the time of the first edition. Timely coverage of emergent areas such as epigenetics, personalized genomic medicine, pharmacogenetics, and genetic enhancement technologies Interdisciplinary and global in its outlook, as befits the field of genetics Brief articles, written by experts in the field, which not only discuss, define, and explain key elements of the field, but also provide definition of key terms, suggestions for further reading, and biographical sketches of the key people in the history of genetics |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Cell Physiology Source Book Nick Sperelakis, 2012-01-11 Cell Physiology Source Book gathers together a broad range of ideas and topics that define the field. It provides clear, concise, and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of cellular physiology from fundamental concepts to more advanced topics. The 4e contains substantial new material. Most chapters have been thoroughly reworked. The book includes chapters on important topics such as sensory transduction, the physiology of protozoa and bacteria, and synaptic transmission. Authored by leading researchers in the field Clear, concise, and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of cellular physiology, from fundamental concepts to more advanced topics Full color illustrations |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Molecular Biology of the Gene James D. Watson, 2008 This sixth edition of James D. Watson's classic textbook Molecular Biology of the Gene has been thoroughly revised and updated. Accessible to anyone interested in molecular biology and genetics, the book provides a historical basis for the field, concise descriptions of fundamental chemical concepts, a comprehensive survey of genome maintenance and expression, and a discussion of standard techniques and model organisms commonly used in molecular biology studies. It includes all new chapters on the regulatory RNAs and genomics and systems biology. The book has an accompanying Web site (www.aw-bc.com/watson/), which contains interactive tutorials, animations, and criticalthinking exercises designed to help students explore and visualize complex concepts. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Cell Physiology Source Book Nicholas Sperelakis, 2011-11-29 Cell Physiology Source Book gathers together a broad range of ideas and topics that define the field. It provides clear, concise, and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of cellular physiology from fundamental concepts to more advanced topics. The 4e contains substantial new material. Most chapters have been thoroughly reworked. The book includes chapters on important topics such as sensory transduction, the physiology of protozoa and bacteria, and synaptic transmission. - Authored by leading researchers in the field - Clear, concise, and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of cellular physiology, from fundamental concepts to more advanced topics - Full color illustrations |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Using the Biological Literature Diane Schmidt, 2014-04-14 The biological sciences cover a broad array of literature types, from younger fields like molecular biology with its reliance on recent journal articles, genomic databases, and protocol manuals to classic fields such as taxonomy with its scattered literature found in monographs and journals from the past three centuries. Using the Biological Literature: A Practical Guide, Fourth Edition is an annotated guide to selected resources in the biological sciences, presenting a wide-ranging list of important sources. This completely revised edition contains numerous new resources and descriptions of all entries including textbooks. The guide emphasizes current materials in the English language and includes retrospective references for historical perspective and to provide access to the taxonomic literature. It covers both print and electronic resources including monographs, journals, databases, indexes and abstracting tools, websites, and associations—providing users with listings of authoritative informational resources of both classical and recently published works. With chapters devoted to each of the main fields in the basic biological sciences, this book offers a guide to the best and most up-to-date resources in biology. It is appropriate for anyone interested in searching the biological literature, from undergraduate students to faculty, researchers, and librarians. The guide includes a supplementary website dedicated to keeping URLs of electronic and web-based resources up to date, a popular feature continued from the third edition. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Encyclopedia of Astrobiology Muriel Gargaud, William M. Irvine, Ricardo Amils, Philippe Claeys, Henderson James Cleaves, Maryvonne Gerin, Daniel Rouan, Tilman Spohn, Stéphane Tirard, Michel Viso, 2023-07-27 Now in its third edition the Encyclopedia of Astrobiology serves as the key to a common understanding in the extremely interdisciplinary community of astrobiologists. Each new or experienced researcher and graduate student in adjacent fields of astrobiology will appreciate this reference work in the quest to understand the big picture. The carefully selected group of active researchers contributing to this work are aiming to give a comprehensive international perspective on and to accelerate the interdisciplinary advance of astrobiology. The interdisciplinary field of astrobiology constitutes a joint arena where provocative discoveries are coalescing concerning, e.g. the prevalence of exoplanets, the diversity and hardiness of life, and its chances for emergence. Biologists, astrophysicists, (bio)-chemists, geoscientists and space scientists share this exciting mission of revealing the origin and commonality of life in the Universe. With its overview articles and its definitions the Encyclopedia of Astrobiology not only provides a common language and understanding for the members of the different disciplines but also serves for educating a new generation of young astrobiologists who are no longer separated by the jargon of individual scientific disciplines. This new edition offers ~170 new entries. More than half of the existing entries were updated, expanded or supplemented with figures supporting the understanding of the text. Especially in the fields of astrochemistry and terrestrial extremophiles but also in exoplanets and space sciences in general there is a huge body of new results that have been taken into account in this new edition. Because the entries in the Encyclopedia are in alphabetical order without regard for scientific field, this edition includes a section “Astrobiology by Discipline” which lists the entries by scientific field and subfield. This should be particularly helpful to those enquiring about astrobiology, as it illustrates the broad and detailed nature of the field. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Concepts of Biology Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise, 2023-05-12 Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes Patrick J. Keeling, Eugene V. Koonin, 2014 All protists, fungi, animals, and plants on Earth are eukaryotes. Their cells possess membrane-bound organelles including a nucleus and mitochondria, distinct cytoskeletal features, and a unique chromosome structure that permits them to undergo mitosis or meiosis. The emergence of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic ancestors about 2 billion years ago was a pivotal evolutionary transition in the history of life on Earth. But the change was abrupt, and few clues exist as to the nature of the intermediate stages. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology examines evolutionary scenarios that likely led to the emergence and rapid evolution of eukaryotes. Contributors review the mechanisms, timing, and consequences of endosymbiosis, as well as molecular and biochemical characteristics of archaea and bacteria that may have contributed to the first eukaryotic lineage. They explore all of the available evidence, including clues from the fossil record and comparative genomics, and formulate ideas about the origin of genomic characteristics (e.g., chromatin and introns) and specific cellular features (e.g., the endomembrane system) in eukaryotes. Topics such as the origins of multicellularity and sex are also covered. This volume includes discussion of multiple evolutionary models that warrant serious attention, as well as lively debate on some of the most contentious topics in the field. It will thus be fascinating reading for evolutionary biologists, cell and molecular biologists, paleobiologists, and all who are interested in the history of life on Earth. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: RNA Metabolism and Gene Expression in Archaea Béatrice Clouet-d'Orval, 2017-10-28 This book focuses on the regulation of transcription and translation in Archaea and arising insights into the evolution of RNA processing pathways. From synthesis to degradation and the implications of gene expression, it presents the current state of knowledge on archaeal RNA biology in 13 chapters. Topics covered include the modification and maturation of RNAs, the function of small non-coding RNAs and the CRISPR-Cas defense system. While Archaea have long been considered exotic microbial extremophiles, they are now increasingly being recognized as important model microorganisms for the study of molecular mechanisms conserved across the three domains of life, and with regard to the relevance of similarities and differences to eukaryotes and bacteria. This unique book offers a valuable resource for all readers interested in the regulation of gene expression in Archaea and RNA metabolism in general. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Respiration in Archaea and Bacteria Davide Zannoni, 2005-02-17 The book summarizes the achievements of the past decade in the biochemistry, bioenergetics, structural and molecular biology of respiratory processes in selected genera of the domain Bacteria along with an extensive coverage of the redox chains of extremophiles belonging to the Archaean domain. The volume is a unique piece of work since it contains a series of chapters dealing with metabolic features having important microbiological and ecological relevance such as the use of ammonium, iron, methane, sulfur and hydrogen as respiratory substrates or nitrous compounds in denitrification processes. Particular attention is also dedicated to peculiar groups of prokaryotes such as Gram positives, acetic acid bacteria, pathogens of the genera Helicobacter and Campylobacter, nitrogen fixing symbionts and free-living species, oxygenic phototrophs (Cyanobacteria) and anoxygenic (purple non-sulfur) phototrophs. The book is intended to be a long-term source of information for Ph.D. students, researchers and undergraduates from disciplines such as microbiology, biochemistry and ecology, studying basic and applied sciences, medicine and agriculture. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Social Extremes in Insects Raina Mooncrest, AI, 2025-03-04 Social Extremes in Insects explores the intricate societies of honeybees and leafcutter ants, offering insights into the evolution of cooperation and social complexity. These insect societies demonstrate how complex organization can arise without centralized control, showcasing principles of self-organization and division of labor. For example, leafcutter ants exhibit sophisticated agricultural practices in cultivating fungi, while honeybees have complex communication systems for task allocation. The book argues that the remarkable social complexity in these insects stems from a combination of genetic predispositions, environmental pressures, and self-organizing principles. By examining eusociality in honeybees and leafcutter ants, the book progresses from basic concepts of social behavior to detailed analyses of communication, task allocation, and symbiotic relationships. This approach makes complex topics accessible to a broad audience interested in insect biology and social behavior. This exploration connects to diverse fields, including evolutionary biology and computer science, highlighting the broad applicability of principles governing social behavior. The book's unique value lies in its emphasis on the interplay between individual behavior and collective outcomes, delving into the mechanisms that generate social complexity within insect societies. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Wetland Soils Michael J. Vepraskas, Christopher B. Craft, 2016-04-21 Boundaries of a wetland must be identified and located in the field by examining three parameters: wetland plants, wetland hydrology, and hydric soils. This book explains how wetland soils are formed, described, and can be identified in the field. The new edition is a major revision of the 2000 book. Written by scientists with extensive field and academic experience, it contains 11 new chapters, updates throughout, and augments the previous material on wetland functions and restorations, while maintaining the field-oriented focus of the first book. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: RNA Exosome Torben Heick Jensen, 2011-06-29 The diversity of RNAs inside living cells is amazing. We have known of the more “classic” RNA species: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA for some time now, but in a steady stream new types of molecules are being described as it is becoming clear that most of the genomic information of cells ends up in RNA. To deal with the enormous load of resulting RNA processing and degradation reactions, cells need adequate and efficient molecular machines. The RNA exosome is arising as a major facilitator to this effect. Structural and functional data gathered over the last decade have illustrated the biochemical importance of this multimeric complex and its many co-factors, revealing its enormous regulatory power. By gathering some of the most prominent researchers in the exosome field, it is the aim of this volume to introduce this fascinating protein complex as well as to give a timely and rich account of its many functions. The exosome was discovered more than a decade ago by Phil Mitchell and David Tollervey by its ability to trim the 3’end of yeast, S. cerevisiae, 5. 8S rRNA. In a historic account they laid out the events surrounding this identification and the subsequent birth of the research field. In the chapter by Kurt Januszyk and Christopher Lima the structural organization of eukaryotic exosomes and their evolutionary counterparts in bacteria and archaea are discussed in large part through presentation of structures. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Origin of Life via Archaea Richard Gordon, 2024-08-26 This book surveys the models for the origin of life and presents a new model starting with shaped droplets and ending with life as polygonal Archaea; it collects the most published micrographs of Archaea (discovered only in 1977), which support this conclusion, and thus provides the first visual survey of Archaea. Origin of Life via Archaea’s purpose is to add a new hypothesis on what are called “shaped droplets”, as the starting point, for flat, polygonal Archaea, supporting the Vesicles First hypothesis. The book contains over 6000 distinct references and micrographs of 440 extant species of Archaea, 41% of which exhibit polygonal phenotypes. It surveys the intellectual battleground of the many ideas of the origin of life on earth, chemical equilibrium, autocatalysis, and biotic polymers. This book contains 17 chapters, some coauthored, on a wide range of topics on the origin of life, including Archaea’s origin, patterns, and species. It shows how various aspects of the origin of life may have occurred at chemical equilibrium, not requiring an energy source, contrary to the general assumption. For the reader’s value, its compendium of Archaea micrographs might also serve many other interesting questions about Archaea. One chapter presents a theory for the shape of flat, polygonal Archaea in terms of the energetics at the surface, edges and corners of the S-layer. Another shows how membrane peptides may have originated. The book also includes a large table of most extant Archaea, that is searchable in the electronic version. It ends with a chapter on problems needing further research. Audience This book will be used by astrobiologists, origin of life biologists, physicists of small systems, geologists, biochemists, theoretical and vesicle chemists. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Encyclopedia of Microbiology , 2009-01-14 Available as an exclusive product with a limited print run, Encyclopedia of Microbiology, 3e, is a comprehensive survey of microbiology, edited by world-class researchers. Each article is written by an expert in that specific domain and includes a glossary, list of abbreviations, defining statement, introduction, further reading and cross-references to other related encyclopedia articles. Written at a level suitable for university undergraduates, the breadth and depth of coverage will appeal beyond undergraduates to professionals and academics in related fields. 16 separate areas of microbiology covered for breadth and depth of content Extensive use of figures, tables, and color illustrations and photographs Language is accessible for undergraduates, depth appropriate for scientists Links to original journal articles via Crossref 30% NEW articles and 4-color throughout – NEW! |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: The Prokaryotes Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt, 2006-10-10 The revised Third Edition of The Prokaryotes, acclaimed as a classic reference in the field, offers new and updated articles by experts from around the world on taxa of relevance to medicine, ecology and industry. Entries combine phylogenetic and systematic data with insights into genetics, physiology and application. Existing entries have been revised to incorporate rapid progress and technological innovation. The new edition improves on the lucid presentation, logical layout and abundance of illustrations that readers rely on, adding color illustration throughout. Expanded to seven volumes in its print form, the new edition adds a new, searchable online version. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Cell Biology E-Book Thomas D. Pollard, William C. Earnshaw, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, 2007-04-26 A masterful introduction to the cell biology that you need to know! This critically acclaimed textbook offers you a modern and unique approach to the study of cell biology. It emphasizes that cellular structure, function, and dysfunction ultimately result from specific macromolecular interactions. You'll progress from an explanation of the hardware of molecules and cells to an understanding of how these structures function in the organism in both healthy and diseased states. The exquisite art program helps you to better visualize molecular structures. Covers essential concepts in a more efficient, reader-friendly manner than most other texts on this subject. Makes cell biology easier to understand by demonstrating how cellular structure, function, and dysfunction result from specific macromole¬cular interactions. Progresses logically from an explanation of the hardware of molecules and cells to an understanding of how these structures function in the organism in both healthy and diseased states. Helps you to visualize molecular structures and functions with over 1500 remarkable full-color illustrations that present physical structures to scale. Explains how molecular and cellular structures evolved in different organisms. Shows how molecular changes lead to the development of diseases through numerous Clinical Examples throughout. Includes STUDENT CONSULT access at no additional charge, enabling you to consult the textbook online, anywhere you go · perform quick searches · add your own notes and bookmarks · follow Integration Links to related bonus content from other STUDENT CONSULT titles—to help you see the connections between diverse disciplines · test your knowledge with multiple-choice review questions · and more! New keystone chapter on the origin and evolution of life on earth probably the best explanation of evolution for cell biologists available! Spectacular new artwork by gifted artist Graham Johnson of the Scripps Research Institute in San Diego. 200 new and 500 revised figures bring his keen insight to Cell Biology illustration and further aid the reader’s understanding. New chapters and sections on the most dynamic areas of cell biology - Organelles and membrane traffic by Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz; RNA processing (including RNAi) by David Tollervey., updates on stem cells and DNA Repair. ,More readable than ever. Improved organization and an accessible new design increase the focus on understanding concepts and mechanisms. New guide to figures featuring specific organisms and specialized cells paired with a list of all of the figures showing these organisms. Permits easy review of cellular and molecular mechanisms. New glossary with one-stop definitions of over 1000 of the most important terms in cell biology. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Physiology, Genomics, and Biotechnological Applications of Extremophiles Gunjal, Aparna B., Thombre, Rebecca, Parray, Javid A., 2021-12-10 Extremophiles are organisms that are able to live in extreme conditions due to their unique physiological and genetic adaptations. Extremophiles are harnessed for their extremozymes that have wide applications in biotechnology, pharmaceutics, and industry. Recent developments in genomics and proteomics have helped unravel the mechanism of survival, physiological adaptation, and genomics structure of extremophiles. Physiology, Genomics, and Biotechnological Applications of Extremophiles covers innovative developments in understanding the physiology and biochemistry of extremophiles using the -omics perspective, focuses on the advancement in mechanisms of the extremophiles that makes them able to survive under extreme conditions, and discusses the applications of extremophiles in astrobiology. Covering topics such as genomics and the history and identification of extremophiles, it is ideal for students, professors, researchers, academicians, microbiologists, agricultural scientists, and biotechnologists. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Topics in Ecological and Environmental Microbiology Thomas Mitchell Schmidt, Moselio Schaechter, 2011-09-28 This book provides an overview of ecological aspects of the metabolism and behavior of microbes, microbial habitats, biogeochemical cycles, and biotechnology. It was designed by selecting relevant chapters from the comprehensive Encyclopedia of Microbiology, 3rd edn., and inviting the original authors to update their material to include key developments and advances in the field. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Cellular Electron Microscopy J. Richard McIntosh, 2011-09-02 Recent advances in the imaging technique electron microscopy (EM) have improved the method, making it more reliable and rewarding, particularly in its description of three-dimensional detail. Cellular Electron Microscopy will help biologists from many disciplines understand modern EM and the value it might bring to their own work. The book's five sections deal with all major issues in EM of cells: specimen preparation, imaging in 3-D, imaging and understanding frozen-hydrated samples, labeling macromolecules, and analyzing EM data. Each chapter was written by scientists who are among the best in their field, and some chapters provide multiple points of view on the issues they discuss. Each section of the book is preceded by an introduction, which should help newcomers understand the subject. The book shows why many biologists believe that modern EM will forge the link between light microscopy of live cells and atomic resolution studies of isolated macromolecules, helping us toward the goal of an atomic resolution understanding of living systems. - Updates the numerous technological innovations that have improved the capabilities of electron microscopy - Provides timely coverage of the subject given the significant rise in the number of biologists using light microscopy to answer their questions and the natural limitations of this kind of imaging - Chapters include a balance of how to, so what and where next, providing the reader with both practical information, which is necessary to use these methods, and a sense of where the field is going |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Ehrlich's Geomicrobiology Henry Lutz Ehrlich, Dianne K. Newman, Andreas Kappler, 2015-10-15 Advances in geomicrobiology have progressed at an accelerated pace in recent years. Ehrlich's Geomicrobiology, Sixth Edition surveys various aspects of the field, including the microbial role in elemental cycling and in the formation and degradation of minerals and fossil fuels. Unlike the fifth edition, the sixth includes many expert contributors |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Index Medicus , 2002 Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Encyclopedia of Cell Biology , 2015-08-07 The Encyclopedia of Cell Biology, Four Volume Set offers a broad overview of cell biology, offering reputable, foundational content for researchers and students across the biological and medical sciences. This important work includes 285 articles from domain experts covering every aspect of cell biology, with fully annotated figures, abundant illustrations, videos, and references for further reading. Each entry is built with a layered approach to the content, providing basic information for those new to the area and more detailed material for the more experienced researcher. With authored contributions by experts in the field, the Encyclopedia of Cell Biology provides a fully cross-referenced, one-stop resource for students, researchers, and teaching faculty across the biological and medical sciences. Fully annotated color images and videos for full comprehension of concepts, with layered content for readers from different levels of experience Includes information on cytokinesis, cell biology, cell mechanics, cytoskeleton dynamics, stem cells, prokaryotic cell biology, RNA biology, aging, cell growth, cell Injury, and more In-depth linking to Academic Press/Elsevier content and additional links to outside websites and resources for further reading A one-stop resource for students, researchers, and teaching faculty across the biological and medical sciences |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: The Future of Evolution Pnas, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2002-12-31 |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Thermophilic Anaerobes Sean Michael Scully, Johann Orlygsson, 2023-11-13 Hot environments are diverse environments that habor a wide variety of anaerobic microorganisms. Although the existence of thermophilic microorganisms has been known for over a century, it is only since the 1970s that warm environments inhabited by thermophiles have been studied in more detail. While aerobic thermophiles have received most of the interest, thermophilic anaerobes have received less attention. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental aspects of thermophilic anaerobes, from their environments to their applications in biotechnology. The book is divided into three parts: 1) a general overview of thermophilic anaerobes, their history, environments, and phylogenetic relationships, 2) physiological aspects of thermophilic anaerobes and their mechanisms of thermal adaptation, and 3) the biotechnological applications of thermophiles for the production of biofuels and other chemical building blocks as well as their applications in specific industries. This comprehensive and up-to-date book, Thermophilic anaerobes - Phylogeny, Physiology and Biotechnological Applications, is a valuable resource for experienced researchers and early career scientists alike who want to learn more about this exciting and developing field. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Electron Microscopy of Model Systems , 2010-09-24 The volume covers the preparation and analysis of model systems for biological electron microscopy. The volume has chapters about prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic systems that are used as so-called model organisms in modern cell biology. These systems include the most popular systems, such as budding and fission yeast, the roundworm C. elegans, the fly Drosophila, zebrafish, mouse, and Arabidopsis, but also organisms that are less frequently used in cell biology, such as Chlamydomonas, Dictyostelium, Trypanosoma, faltworms, Axolotl and others. In addition, tissues and tissue culture systems are also covered. These systems are used for very diverse areas of cell biology, such as cell division, abscission, intracellular transport, cytoskeletal organization, tissue regeneration and others. Moreover, this issue presents the currently most important methods for the preparation of biological specimens. This volume, however, is not a classic EM methods book. The methods are not the main focus of this issue. The main goal here is to cover the methods in the context of the specific requirements of specimen preparation for each model organism or systems. This will be the first compendium covering the various aspects of sample preparation of very diverse biological systems. - Covers the preparation and analysis of model systems for biological electron microscopy - Includes the most popular systems but also organisms that are less frequently used in cell biology - Presents the currently most important methods for the preparation of biological specimens - First compendium covering the various aspects of sample preparation of very diverse biological systems |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: In Search of Cell History Franklin M. Harold, 2014-10-29 This comprehensive history of cell evolution “deftly discusses the definition of life” as well as cellular organization, classification and more (San Francisco Book Review). The origin of cells remains one of the most fundamental mysteries in biology, one that has spawned a large body of research and debate over the past two decades. With In Search of Cell History, Franklin M. Harold offers a comprehensive, impartial take on that research and the controversies that keep the field in turmoil. Written in accessible language and complemented by a glossary for easy reference, this book examines the relationship between cells and genes; the central role of bioenergetics in the origin of life; the status of the universal tree of life with its three stems and viral outliers; and the controversies surrounding the last universal common ancestor. Harold also discusses the evolution of cellular organization, the origin of complex cells, and the incorporation of symbiotic organelles. In Search of Cell History shows us just how far we have come in understanding cell evolution—and the evolution of life in general—and how far we still have to go. “Wonderful…A loving distillation of connections within the incredible diversity of life in the biosphere, framing one of biology’s most important remaining questions: how did life begin?”—Nature |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Fundamentals of Modern Bioprocessing Sarfaraz K. Niazi, Justin L. Brown, 2017-07-27 Biological drug and vaccine manufacturing has quickly become one of the highest-value fields of bioprocess engineering, and many bioprocess engineers are now finding job opportunities that have traditionally gone to chemical engineers. Fundamentals of Modern Bioprocessing addresses this growing demand. Written by experts well-established in the field, this book connects the principles and applications of bioprocessing engineering to healthcare product manufacturing and expands on areas of opportunity for qualified bioprocess engineers and students. The book is divided into two sections: the first half centers on the engineering fundamentals of bioprocessing; while the second half serves as a handbook offering advice and practical applications. Focused on the fundamental principles at the core of this discipline, this work outlines every facet of design, component selection, and regulatory concerns. It discusses the purpose of bioprocessing (to produce products suitable for human use), describes the manufacturing technologies related to bioprocessing, and explores the rapid expansion of bioprocess engineering applications relevant to health care product manufacturing. It also considers the future of bioprocessing—the use of disposable components (which is the fastest growing area in the field of bioprocessing) to replace traditional stainless steel. In addition, this text: Discusses the many types of genetically modified organisms Outlines laboratory techniques Includes the most recent developments Serves as a reference and contains an extensive bibliography Emphasizes biological manufacturing using recombinant processing, which begins with creating a genetically modified organism using recombinant techniques Fundamentals of Modern Bioprocessing outlines both the principles and applications of bioprocessing engineering related to healthcare product manufacturing. It lays out the basic concepts, definitions, methods and applications of bioprocessing. A single volume comprehensive reference developed to meet the needs of students with a bioprocessing background; it can also be used as a source for professionals in the field. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Physiology and Biochemistry of Extremophiles Charles Gerday, Nicolas Glansdorff, 2007 A detailed overview of the current state of knowledge about this special group of organisms. - Serves as an essential volume for a variety of scientists, including microbiologists, biochemists, physiologists, biotechnology specialists, ecologists, and physical scientists such as chemists and astronomers. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Extremophiles Handbook Koki Horikoshi, Garabed Antranikian, Alan T. Bull, Frank T. Robb, Karl O. Stetter, 2010-12-08 The Extremophiles Handbook brings together the rapidly growing and often scattered information on microbial life in the whole range of extreme environments. This book will be a useful reference for finding clues to the origin of life and for exploring the biotechnology potential of these fascinating organisms. |
| archaea molecular and cellular biology: Thrive in Cell Biology Qiuyu Wang, Chris Smith, Emma Davis, 2013-02-21 The Thrive in Bioscience revision guides are written to help undergraduate students achieve exam success in all core areas of bioscience. They communicate all the key concepts in a succinct, easy-to-digest way, using features and tools - both in the book and in digital form - to make learning even more effective. |
Archaea - Wikipedia
Archaea (/ ɑːr ˈ k iː ə / ⓘ ar-KEE-ə) is a domain of organisms. Traditionally, Archaea only included its prokaryotic members, but this has since been found to be paraphyletic, as eukaryotes are …
Archaea | Definition, Characteristics, & Examples | Britannica
Archaea are microorganisms that define the limits of life on Earth. They were originally discovered and described in extreme environments, such as hydrothermal vents and terrestrial hot …
What are Archaea? - Microbiology Society
Archaea are a group of micro-organisms that are similar to, but evolutionarily distinct from bacteria. Like bacteria they are single celled organisms which lack a membrane bound …
Archaea - Definition, Examples, Characteristics, and Diagram
Oct 19, 2023 · Archaea, formerly known as ‘archaebacteria,’ are a group of single-celled, prokaryotic organisms belonging to the domain Archaea. Apart from Archaea, Bacteria and …
The microbiome: What about archaea? - Medical News Today
Jan 24, 2022 · Archaea are single-celled organisms that are similar to bacteria, though they have different characteristics. They can be spherical, rod-shaped, spiral, or rectangular. Beyond the …
Archaea: Habitat, Characteristics, Classification, Applications
Oct 8, 2023 · Archaea is a domain of life, together with Bacteria and Eukarya, containing single-celled prokaryotes other than bacteria. They are the oldest life-form known to exist. The name …
Archaea – General Microbiology - Open Educational Resources
The Archaea are a group of organisms that were originally thought to be bacteria (which explains the initial name of “archaeabacteria”), due to their physical similarities.
Archaea - Definition and Examples - Biology Online Dictionary
Archaea are unicellular prokaryotes that comprise the domain of the same name, Archaea. These microorganisms physically resemble the bacteria but are genetically distinct from the latter. …
Archaea: Definition, Characteristics And Examples - Science ABC
Jun 2, 2024 · What Is Archaea? Archaea is the third domain of life—”domain” being the highest categorization level of life on the planet. There are two other domains, Eukaryota and Bacteria, …
xkcd: Archaea
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 License. This means you're free to copy and share these comics (but not to sell them). More details..
Archaea - Wikipedia
Archaea (/ ɑːr ˈ k iː ə / ⓘ ar-KEE-ə) is a domain of organisms. Traditionally, Archaea only included its prokaryotic members, but this has since been …
Archaea | Definition, Characteristics, & Examples
Archaea are microorganisms that define the limits of life on Earth. They were originally discovered and described in extreme environments, …
What are Archaea? - Microbiology Society
Archaea are a group of micro-organisms that are similar to, but evolutionarily distinct from bacteria. Like bacteria they are single celled …
Archaea - Definition, Examples, Characteristics, and Diagram
Oct 19, 2023 · Archaea, formerly known as ‘archaebacteria,’ are a group of single-celled, prokaryotic organisms belonging to the domain Archaea. …
The microbiome: What about archaea? - Medical News To…
Jan 24, 2022 · Archaea are single-celled organisms that are similar to bacteria, though they have different characteristics. They can be …
