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| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science Kent W. Staley, 2014-11-06 This book explores central philosophical concepts, issues, and debates in the philosophy of science, both historical and contemporary. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science Kent Wade Staley, 2014 This book guides readers by gradual steps through the central concepts and debates in the philosophy of science. Using concrete examples from the history of science, Kent Staley shows how seemingly abstract philosophical issues are relevant to important aspects of scientific practice. Structured in two parts, the book first tackles the central concepts of the philosophy of science, such as the problem of induction, falsificationism, and underdetermination, and important figures and movements, such as the logical empiricists, Thomas Kuhn, and Paul Feyerabend. The second part turns to contemporary debates in the philosophy of science, such as scientific realism, explanation, the role of values in science, the different views of scientific inference, and probability. This broad yet detailed overview will give readers a strong grounding whilst also providing opportunities for further exploration. It will be of particular interest to students of philosophy, the philosophy of science, and science-- |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Einstein's Generation Richard Staley, 2008 'Einstein's Generation' offers a new approach to the origins of modern physics by exploring both the material culture that stimulated relativity and the reaction of Einstein's colleagues to his pioneering work. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: The Science of Science Dashun Wang, Albert-László Barabási, 2021-03-25 This is the first comprehensive overview of the exciting field of the 'science of science'. With anecdotes and detailed, easy-to-follow explanations of the research, this book is accessible to all scientists, policy makers, and administrators with an interest in the wider scientific enterprise. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: An Introduction to the Theory of Knowledge Noah Lemos, 2007-02-15 Epistemology or the theory of knowledge is one of the cornerstones of analytic philosophy, and this book provides a clear and accessible introduction to the subject. It discusses some of the main theories of justification, including foundationalism, coherentism, reliabilism, and virtue epistemology. Other topics include the Gettier problem, internalism and externalism, skepticism, the problem of epistemic circularity, the problem of the criterion, a priori knowledge, and naturalized epistemology. Intended primarily for students taking a first class in epistemology, this lucid and well-written text would also provide an excellent introduction for anyone interested in knowing more about this important area of philosophy. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Interpreting Mach John Preston, 2021-03-18 A collection of new essays on Ernst Mach's scientific and philosophical thought by leading Mach scholars. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: An Introduction To Systems Science John N Warfield, 2006-04-19 This is the first book that renders a thorough discussion of systems science. It draws on material from an extensive collection of external sources, including several other books and a special library collection complete with videotape empirical evidence of applicability of the theory to a wide variety of circumstances. This is essential because systems science must be responsive to diverse human situations of the widest difficulty, and it must fill the void that the specific sciences cannot fill, because these sciences are insensitive to the necessities of reconciling disparate views of multiple observers, and incorporating local conditions in hypotheses that precede inductive explorations. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: A Companion to Mill Christopher Macleod, Dale E. Miller, 2018-04-12 This Companion offers a state-of-the-art survey of the work of John Stuart Mill — one which covers the historical influences on Mill, his theoretical, moral and social philosophy, as well as his relation to contemporary movements. Its contributors include both senior scholars with established expertise in Mill's thought and new emerging interpreters. Each essay acts as a go-to resource for those seeking to understand an aspect of Mill's thought or to familiarise themselves with the contours of a debate within the scholarship. The Companion is a key reference on Mill's theory of liberty and utilitarianism, but also provides a valuable resource on lesser-known aspects of his work, including his epistemology, metaphysics, and philosophy of language. The volume is divided into six sections. Part I covers Mill's life, his immediate posthumous reputation, and his own telling of his life-story. Part II brings together an accessible and comprehensive summary of the various influences on Mill's thought. Part III offers an account of the foundations of Mill’s philosophy and his thought on key philosophic topics. Parts IV and V tackle issues from Mill's moral and social philosophy. Part VI concludes with a treatment of the broader aspects of Mill’s thought, tracing his relation to major movements in philosophy. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Statistical Inference as Severe Testing Deborah G. Mayo, 2018-09-20 Unlock today's statistical controversies and irreproducible results by viewing statistics as probing and controlling errors. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Black-Body Theory and the Quantum Discontinuity, 1894-1912 Thomas S. Kuhn, 1987-01-15 A masterly assessment of the way the idea of quanta of radiation became part of 20th-century physics. . . . The book not only deals with a topic of importance and interest to all scientists, but is also a polished literary work, described (accurately) by one of its original reviewers as a scientific detective story.—John Gribbin, New Scientist Every scientist should have this book.—Paul Davies, New Scientist |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Can Science Fix Climate Change? Mike Hulme, 2014-06-03 Climate change seems to be an insurmountable problem. Political solutions have so far had little impact. Some scientists are now advocating the so-called 'Plan B', a more direct way of reducing the rate of future warming by reflecting more sunlight back to space, creating a thermostat in the sky. In this book, Mike Hulme argues against this kind of hubristic techno-fix. Drawing upon a distinguished career studying the science, politics and ethics of climate change, he shows why using science to fix the global climate is undesirable, ungovernable and unattainable. Science and technology should instead serve the more pragmatic goals of increasing societal resilience to weather risks, improving regional air quality and driving forward an energy technology transition. Seeking to reset the planet’s thermostat is not the answer. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Einstein's Opponents Milena Wazeck, 2014-01-09 Exploring the ferocious opposition which once surrounded the theory of relativity, this fascinating account details the strategies and motivations of Einstein's detractors. A unique insight into the dynamics of scientific controversies, ideal for anyone interested in the history and philosophy of physics, popular science, and the public understanding of science. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: The Emergence of Relativism Martin Kusch, Katherina Kinzel, Johannes Steizinger, Niels Wildschut, 2019-03-04 Debates over relativism are as old as philosophy itself. Since the late nineteenth century, relativism has also been a controversial topic in many of the social and cultural sciences. And yet, relativism has not been a central topic of research in the history of philosophy or the history of the social sciences. This collection seeks to remedy this situation by studying the emergence of modern forms of relativism as they unfolded in the German lands during the long nineteenth century—from the Enlightenment to National Socialism. It focuses on relativist and anti-relativist ideas and arguments in four contexts: history, science, epistemology, and politics. The Emergence of Relativism will be of interest to those studying nineteenth- and twentieth-century philosophy, German idealism, and history and philosophy of science, as well as those in related disciplines such as sociology and anthropology. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Error and Inference Deborah G. Mayo, Aris Spanos, 2009-10-26 Although both philosophers and scientists are interested in how to obtain reliable knowledge in the face of error, there is a gap between their perspectives that has been an obstacle to progress. By means of a series of exchanges between the editors and leaders from the philosophy of science, statistics and economics, this volume offers a cumulative introduction connecting problems of traditional philosophy of science to problems of inference in statistical and empirical modelling practice. Philosophers of science and scientific practitioners are challenged to reevaluate the assumptions of their own theories - philosophical or methodological. Practitioners may better appreciate the foundational issues around which their questions revolve and thereby become better 'applied philosophers'. Conversely, new avenues emerge for finally solving recalcitrant philosophical problems of induction, explanation and theory testing. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Philosophy of Science Rani Lill Anjum, Elena Rocca, 2024-07-17 This textbook is a comprehensive, engaging, and user-friendly introduction to philosophy of science written by a philosopher and a scientist. By exploring traditional debates within philosophy of science, as well as analysing contemporary scientific controversies for philosophical bias, the reader is invited to reflect upon how philosophical assumptions influence scientific theory, methods, and practice. Key features: Is an accessible introduction to philosophy of science written by a philosopher and a scientist. Includes some of the many important contributions from women philosophers and scientists. Demonstrates the philosophical influences on scientific thinking, practice, and expert disagreement. Applies philosophy of science to analyse some specific real-life cases of scientific controversy. This book is an essential resource for students and teachers in philosophy of science. It is also ideal for anyone interested in the philosophical influences on contemporary science. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Shifting Paradigms Alexander Blum, 2016 The publication of Thomas S. Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions in 1962 stands for a turning point in the history and philosophy of science. The repercussions of this work have rearticulated the theoretical framework of history and philosophy of science and have also generated discussions that contributed to the formation of the communities of historians as well as philosophers of science in many parts of the world. Different approaches to history of science have since emerged and most of them have the Structure as their reference point. In October 2012, a conference at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science brought together some of the historians of science whose work has played a decisive role in the ways history of science has evolved as a field of research in the past 50 years, both intellectually and institutionally. This volume gathers reflections by many of these historians on the history of the history of science, based on the presentations and discussions at the conference. The topics covered range from personal recollections of working with Thomas Kuhn to broad overviews of the historical development of the history of science as a discipline in the past half-century. The series Proceedings of the Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge presents the results of scientific meetings on current issues and supports further cooperation on these issues via an electronic platform. The volumes are available both as print-on-demand books and as open-access publications on the Internet. The material is freely accessible online at www.edition-open-access.de. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: The Evidence for the Top Quark Kent Wade Staley, 2004 |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: An Introduction to Plato's Laws R. F. Stalley, 1983-01-01 Reading the Republic without reference to the less familiar Laws can lead to a distorted view of Plato's political theory. In the Republic the philosopher describes his ideal city; in his last and longest work he deals with the more detailed considerations involved in setting up a second-best 'practical utopia.' The relative neglect of the Laws has stemmed largely from the obscurity of its style and the apparent chaos of its organization so that, although good translations now exist, students of philosophy and political science still find the text inaccessible. This first full-length philosophical introduction to the Laws will therefore prove invaluable. The opening chapters describe the general character of the dialogue and set it in the context of Plato's political philosophy as a whole. Each of the remaining chapters deals with a single topic, ranging over material scattered through the text and so drawing together the threads of the argument in a stimulating and readily comprehensible way. Those topics include education, punishment, responsibility, religion, virtue and pleasure as well as political matters and law itself. Throughout, the author encourages the reader to think critically about Plato's ideas and to see their relevance to present-day philosophical debate. No knowledge of Greek is required and only a limited background in philosophy. Although aimed primarily at students, the book will also be of interest to more advanced readers since it provides for the first time a philosophical, as opposed to linguistic or historical, commentary on the Laws in English. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Weimar Culture and Quantum Mechanics Alexei Kojevnikov, 2011 This volume reprints Paul Forman's classic papers on the history of physics in post-World War I Germany and the invention of quantum mechanics. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Sage on the Screen Bill Ferster, 2016-11-15 A critical look at the success of film, video, television, and the Internet in education. Since the days of Thomas Edison, technology has held the promise of lowering the cost of education. The fantasy of leveraging a fixed production cost to reach an unlimited number of consumers is an enticing economic proposition, one that has been repeatedly attempted with each new media format, from radio and television to MOOCs, where star academics make online video lectures available to millions of students at little cost. In Sage on the Screen, Bill Ferster explores the historical, theoretical, and practical perspectives of using broadcast media to teach by examining a century of efforts to use it at home and in the classroom. Along the way, he shares stories from teachers, administrators, entrepreneurs, and innovators who promoted the use of cutting-edge technology—while critically evaluating their motives for doing so. Taking a close look at the origins of various media forms, their interrelatedness, and their impact on education thus far, Ferster asks why broadcast media has been so much more successful at entertaining people than it has been at educating them. Accessibly written and full of explanatory art, Sage on the Screen offers fresh insight into the current and future uses of instructional technology, from K12 through non-institutionally-based learning. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: The Ontology of Spacetime , 2006-07-10 This book contains selected papers from the First International Conference on the Ontology of Spacetime. Its fourteen chapters address two main questions: first, what is the current status of the substantivalism/relationalism debate, and second, what about the prospects of presentism and becoming within present-day physics and its philosophy? The overall tenor of the four chapters of the book's first part is that the prospects of spacetime substantivalism are bleak, although different possible positions remain with respect to the ontological status of spacetime. Part II and Part III of the book are devoted to presentism, eternalism, and becoming, from two different perspectives. In the six chapters of Part II it is argued, in different ways, that relativity theory does not have essential consequences for these issues. It certainly is true that the structure of time is different, according to relativity theory, from the one in classical theory. But that does not mean that a decision is forced between presentism and eternalism, or that becoming has proved to be an impossible concept. It may even be asked whether presentism and eternalism really offer different ontological perspectives at all. The writers of the last four chapters, in Part III, disagree. They argue that relativity theory is incompatible with becoming and presentism. Several of them come up with proposals to go beyond relativity, in order to restore the prospects of presentism.· Space and time in present-day physics and philosophy · Introduction from scratch of the debates surrounding time · Broad spectrum of approaches, coherently represented |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Philosophy of Science Samir Okasha, 2016 This 'Very Short Introduction' provides a concise overview of the main themes of contemporary philosophy of science. After a short history, the author goes on to investigate the nature of scientific reasoning, scientific explanation and more. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Muscle Logic Charles Staley, 2005-10-25 Introduces the concept of Escalating Density Training, a technique used by Olympics trainers and athletes in which workouts are adjusted for individual needs and involve personal record setting, in a guide that outlines a two-hour weekly bodybuilding program and specific instructions for beginner, intermediate, and advanced athletes. Original. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Philosophy of Science Matters Gregory J. Morgan, 2011-04-14 In this, the first book devoted to Peter Achinstein's influential work in philosophy of science, twenty distinguished philosophers, including four Lakatos award winners, address various aspects of Achinstein's influential views on the nature of scientific evidence, scientific explanation, and scientific realism. It includes short essays by Steve Gimbel and Jeff Maynes, Nancy Cartwright, Jordi Cat, Victor DiFate, Jerry Doppelt, Adam Goldstein, Philip Kitcher, Fred Kronz, Deborah Mayo, Greg Morgan, Helen Longino, John Norton, Michael Ruse, Bas van Fraassen, Stathis Psillos, Larry Laudan, Richard Richards, Kent Staley, and Jim Woodward with replies to each contributor from Peter Achinstein. Readers will come away with an understanding of the current debate in multiple areas of philosophy of science and how various contemporary issues are connected. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Philosophy of Science Samir Okasha, 2016 What is science? -- Scientific inference -- Explanation in science -- Realism and anti-realism -- Scientific change and scientific revolutions -- Philosophical problems in physics, biology, and psychology -- Science and its critics. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Theory of International Politics Kenneth Neal Waltz, 1979 Forfatterens mål med denne bog er: 1) Analyse af de gældende teorier for international politik og hvad der heri er lagt størst vægt på. 2) Konstruktion af en teori for international politik som kan kan råde bod på de mangler, der er i de nu gældende. 3) Afprøvning af den rekonstruerede teori på faktiske hændelsesforløb. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Philosophies of Social Science Gerard Delanty, Piet Strydom, 2003-04 This is a collection of extracts from classic works on the philosophy of social science highlighting the work of many influential authors who have shaped social science. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Science in the Forest, Science in the Past Geoffrey E. R. Lloyd, Aparecida Vilaça, 2020-12-31 This collection brings together leading anthropologists, historians, philosophers, and artificial-intelligence researchers to discuss the sciences and mathematics used in various Eastern, Western, and Indigenous societies, both ancient and contemporary. The authors analyze prevailing assumptions about these societies and propose more faithful, sensitive analyses of their ontological views about reality—a step toward mutual understanding and translatability across cultures and research fields. Science in the Forest, Science in the Past is a pioneering interdisciplinary exploration that will challenge the way readers interested in sciences, mathematics, humanities, social research, computer sciences, and education think about deeply held notions of what constitutes reality, how it is apprehended, and how to investigate it. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Identity in Physics Steven French, Décio Krause, 2006-06-22 Can quantum particles be regarded as individuals, just like books, tables and people? According to the 'received' view - articulated by several physicists in the immediate aftermath of the quantum revolution - quantum physics itself tells us they cannot: quantum particles, unlike their classical counterparts, must be regarded as 'non-individuals' in some sense. However, recent work has indicated that this is not the whole story and that the theory is also consistent with the position that such particles can be taken to be individuals, albeit at a metaphysical price. Drawing on philosophical accounts of identity and individuality, as well as the histories of both classical and quantum physics, the authors explore these two alternative metaphysical packages. In particular, they argue that if quantum particles are regarded as individuals, then Leibniz's famous Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles is in fact violated. Recent discussions of this conclusion are analysed in detail and, again, the costs involved in saving the Principle are carefully considered. Taking the alternative package, the authors deploy recent work in non-standard logic and set theory to indicate how we can make sense of the idea that objects can be non-individuals. The concluding chapter suggests how these results might then be extended to quantum field theory. Identity in Physics brings together a range of work in this area and further develops the authors' own contributions to the debate. Uniquely, as the title indicates, it situates this work in the appropriate formal, historical, and philosophical contexts. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mathematics Mark Colyvan, 2012-06-14 A fascinating journey through intriguing mathematical and philosophical territory - a lively introduction to this contemporary topic. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Fictions in Science Mauricio Suárez, 2008-10-26 Science is popularly understood as being an ideal of impartial algorithmic objectivity that provides us with a realistic description of the world down to the last detail. The essays collected in this book—written by some of the leading experts in the field—challenge this popular image right at its heart, taking as their starting point that science trades not only in truth, but in fiction, too. With case studies that range from physics to economics and to biology, Fictions in Science reveals that fictions are as ubiquitous in scientific narratives and practice as they are in any other human endeavor, including literature and art. Of course scientific activity, most prominently in the formal sciences, employs logically precise algorithmic thinking. However, the key to the predictive and technological success of the empirical sciences might well lie elsewhere—perhaps even in scientists’ extraordinary creative imagination instead. As these essays demonstrate, within the bounds of what is empirically possible, a scientist’s capacity for invention and creative thinking matches that of any writer or artist. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: The Philosophy Of Scientific Experimentation Hans Radder, 2003-02-23 The Philosophy of Scientific Experimentation focuses on the identification and clarification of philosophical issues in experimental science.Since the late 1980s, the neglect of experiment by philosophers and historians of science has been replaced by a keen interest in the subject. In this volume, a number of prominent philosophers of experiment directly address basic theoretical questions, develop existing philosophical accounts, and offer novel perspectives on the subject, rather than rely exclusively on historical cases of experimental practice.Each essay examines one or more of six interconnected themes that run throughout the collection: the philosophical implications of actively and intentionally interfering with the material world while conducting experiments; issues of interpretation regarding causality; the link between science and technology; the role of theory in experimentation involving material and causal intervention; the impact of modeling and computer simulation on experimentation; and the philosophical implications of the design, operation, and use of scientific instruments. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: The Philosophy of Tragedy Julian Young, 2013-06-28 This book is a full survey of the philosophy of tragedy from antiquity to the present. From Aristotle to Žižek the focal question has been: why, in spite of its distressing content, do we value tragic drama? What is the nature of the 'tragic effect'? Some philosophers point to a certain kind of pleasure that results from tragedy. Others, while not excluding pleasure, emphasize the knowledge we gain from tragedy - of psychology, ethics, freedom or immortality. Through a critical engagement with these and other philosophers, the book concludes by suggesting an answer to the question of what it is that constitutes tragedy 'in its highest vocation'. This book will be of equal interest to students of philosophy and of literature. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: A Philosopher Looks at Science Nancy Cartwright, 2022-06-30 A fresh, provocative and engaging treatment of what science really amounts to in society, and of what it can do. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: The Realistic Empiricism of Mach, James, and Russell Erik C. Banks, 2014-08-28 This book redevelops an important movement in philosophy for the first time, exploring the ways in which three of the greatest thinkers can be connected, and applying their ideas to contemporary problems in the philosophy of mind and the philosophy of science. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Mind, Cognition, and Neuroscience Benjamin D. Young, Carolyn Dicey Jennings, 2022-01-27 This carefully designed, multi-authored textbook covers a broad range of theoretical issues in cognitive science, psychology, and neuroscience. With accessible language, a uniform structure, and many pedagogical features, Mind, Cognition, and Neuroscience: A Philosophical Introdution is the best high-level overview of this area for an interdisciplinary readership of students. Written specifically for this volume by experts in their fields who are also experienced teachers, the book’s thirty chapters are organized into the following parts: I. Background Knowledge II. Classical Debates III. Consciousness IV. Crossing Boundaries Each chapter starts with relevant key words and definitions and a chapter overview, then presents historical coverage of the topic, explains and analyzes contemporary debates, and ends with a sketch of cutting edge research. A list of suggested readings and helpful discussion topics conclude each chapter. This uniform, student-friendly design makes it possible to teach a cohort of both philosophy and interdisciplinary students without assuming prior understanding of philosophical concepts, cognitive science, or neuroscience. Key Features: Synthesizes the now decades-long explosion of scientifically informed philosophical research in the study of mind. Expands on the offerings of other textbooks by including chapters on language, concepts and non-conceptual content, and animal cognition. Offers the same structure in each chapter, moving the reader through an overview, historical coverage, contemporary debates, and finally cutting-edge research. Packed with pedagogical features, like defined Key Terms, Suggested Readings, and Discussion Questions for each chapter, as well as a General Glossary. Provides readers with clear, chapter-long introductions to Cognitive Neuroscience, Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Experimental Methods in Cognitive Neuroscience, Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Science, Metaphysical Issues, and Epistemic Issues. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: A History of Natural Philosophy Edward Grant, 2007-01-29 This book describes how natural philosophy and exact mathematical sciences joined together to make the Scientific Revolution possible. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Restoration and Philosophy J. Caleb Clanton, 2024-01-12 A product of the Second Great Awakening of the nineteenth century, the Stone-Campbell Restoration Movement gave rise to such denominations as the Church of Christ (a cappella), the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), and the independent Christian Churches/ Churches of Christ. While scholars have examined many of the historical, ecclesial, socio-cultural, and biographical dimensions of this indigenously American religious tradition, few have singled it out for philosophical exploration and critique. In Restoration and Philosophy, editor J. Caleb Clanton and a team of philosophers engage with the Stone-Campbell Restoration tradition to address issues related to epistemology, philosophy of science, philosophy of religion, moral philosophy, aesthetics, environmentalism, and race. Along the way, the authors help to contextualize the Stone- Campbell Restoration tradition within American religious history—and within Christian philosophy more generally—and they show its continuing relevance today. Scholars and students of philosophy and religious studies, as as well as ministers and those interested in this uniquely American Christian tradition, will benefit from this carefully edited, thoroughly researched, and highly readable collection of essays by eminent philosophers and religious scholars. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: Thinking of Questions Peter Limm, 2015-09-23 This is not a conventional book. It is designed to stimulate and challenge all people who are curious to find out about the world they inhabit and their place within it. It does this by suggesting questions and lines of questioning on a wide range of topics. The book does not provide answers or model arguments but prompts people to create their own questions and a reading log or journal. To this end, almost all questions have a list of books or articles to provide a starter for stimulating further reading. Once you start, you will be hooked! Never stop questioning. |
| an introduction to the philosophy of science staley: The Method of Multiple Hypotheses Charles S. Reichardt, 2021-10-20 This book illustrates the method of multiple hypotheses with detailed examples and describes the limitations facing all methods (including the method of multiple hypotheses) as the means for constructing knowledge about nature. Author Charles Reichardt explains the method of multiple hypotheses using a range of real-world applications involving the causes of crime, traffic fatalities, and home field advantage in sports. The book describes the benefits of utilizing multiple hypotheses and the inherent limitations within which all methods must operate because all conclusions about nature must remain tentative and forever subject to revision. Nonetheless, the book reveals how the method of multiple hypotheses can produce strong inferences even in the face of the inevitable uncertainties of knowledge. The author also explicates some of the most foundational ideas in philosophy of science including the notions of the underdetermination of theory by data, the Duhem-Quine thesis, and the theory-ladenness of observation. This book will be important reading for advanced undergraduates, graduates, and professional researchers across the social, behavioral, and natural sciences wanting to understand this method and how to apply it to their field of interest. |
怎样写好英文论文的 Introduction 部分呢？ - 知乎
Introduction应该是一篇论文中最难写的一部分，也是最重要的。“A good introduction will “sell” the study to editors, reviewers, readers, and sometimes even the media.” [1]。通过Introduction可 …
Difference between "introduction to" and "introduction of"
May 22, 2011 · Here, "Introduction of" refers to bringing something into a place or situation. "Can you give me an introduction to the president of the company?" "Introduction to" is more …
Differences between summary, abstract, overview, and synopsis
Feb 12, 2014 · I like Professor David Barnhill's argument for precis: "A precis is a brief summary of a larger work. The term "abstract" has the same meaning and is much more common, but I …
怎样写好英文论文的 Introduction 部分？ - 知乎
Why An Introduction Is Needed？ 「从文章的大结构来看Introduction提出了你的研究问题，这个问题的答案应该在文章的Discussion或者Conclusion部分呈现给读者，也就是在文章的首尾形成 …
科学引文索引（SCI）论文的引言（Introduction）怎么写？ - 知乎
Introduction一共分为8段，属于标准的Introduction层层递进的写作模式：大背景大帽子-->从替代燃料引入醇类燃料再引入正丁醇-->再引入正丁醇与氢气掺烧，提出如何降低NOx排放-->引 …
a brief introduction后的介词到底是about还是of还是to啊？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业 …
如何仅从Introduction看出一篇文献的水平？ - 知乎
introduction大致对应 ’background on the field‘ 这一部分。 个人认为，取决于文章的目的，是填补了研究领域空白，还是更新了人们对某个现象的认知，或者精进了某种工具，做出了重大预 …
毕业学术论文的英文摘要中，“本文提出”一般怎么翻译？ - 知乎
针对硕士毕业论文中文摘要中“文本提出”几个字的翻译，比较权威，正式，符合论文学术规范的翻译为“this thesis（dissertation）proposes (puts forward/brings forward/presents) that…”.切勿 …
word choice - What do you call a note that gives preliminary ...
Feb 2, 2015 · A suitable word for your brief introduction is preamble. It's not as formal as preface, and can be as short as a sentence (which would be unusual for a preface). Preamble can be …
What does "something 101" mean? [closed] - English Language
So, for example, "Wine 101" = "Introduction to wine for the novice", "Wine ABC" = "Getting into wine, step by step", and "Wine A to Z" = "Everything you need to know about wine" – Jonathan …
怎样写好英文论文的 Introduction 部分呢？ - 知乎
Introduction应该是一篇论文中最难写的一部分，也是最重要的。“A good introduction will “sell” the study to editors, reviewers, readers, and sometimes even the media.” [1]。通过Introduction可 …
Difference between "introduction to" and "introduction of"
May 22, 2011 · Here, "Introduction of" refers to bringing something into a place or situation. "Can you give me an introduction to the president of the company?" "Introduction to" is more …
Differences between summary, abstract, overview, and synopsis
Feb 12, 2014 · I like Professor David Barnhill's argument for precis: "A precis is a brief summary of a larger work. The term "abstract" has the same meaning and is much more common, but I …
怎样写好英文论文的 Introduction 部分？ - 知乎
Why An Introduction Is Needed？ 「从文章的大结构来看Introduction提出了你的研究问题，这个问题的答案应该在文章的Discussion或者Conclusion部分呈现给读者，也就是在文章的首尾形成 …
科学引文索引（SCI）论文的引言（Introduction）怎么写？ - 知乎
Introduction一共分为8段，属于标准的Introduction层层递进的写作模式：大背景大帽子-->从替代燃料引入醇类燃料再引入正丁醇-->再引入正丁醇与氢气掺烧，提出如何降低NOx排放-->引 …
a brief introduction后的介词到底是about还是of还是to啊？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业 …
如何仅从Introduction看出一篇文献的水平？ - 知乎
introduction大致对应 ’background on the field‘ 这一部分。 个人认为，取决于文章的目的，是填补了研究领域空白，还是更新了人们对某个现象的认知，或者精进了某种工具，做出了重大预 …
毕业学术论文的英文摘要中，“本文提出”一般怎么翻译？ - 知乎
针对硕士毕业论文中文摘要中“文本提出”几个字的翻译，比较权威，正式，符合论文学术规范的翻译为“this thesis（dissertation）proposes (puts forward/brings forward/presents) that…”.切勿 …
word choice - What do you call a note that gives preliminary ...
Feb 2, 2015 · A suitable word for your brief introduction is preamble. It's not as formal as preface, and can be as short as a sentence (which would be unusual for a preface). Preamble can be …
What does "something 101" mean? [closed] - English Language
So, for example, "Wine 101" = "Introduction to wine for the novice", "Wine ABC" = "Getting into wine, step by step", and "Wine A to Z" = "Everything you need to know about wine" – Jonathan …
