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| ali ibn abi talib story: The Prophet's Heir Hassan Abbas, 2021-02-23 The life and legacy of one of Mohammad’s closest confidants and Islam’s patron saint: Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali ibn Abi Talib is arguably the single most important spiritual and intellectual authority in Islam after prophet Mohammad. Through his teachings and leadership as fourth caliph, Ali nourished Islam. But Muslims are divided on whether he was supposed to be Mohammad’s political successor—and he continues to be a polarizing figure in Islamic history. Hassan Abbas provides a nuanced, compelling portrait of this towering yet divisive figure and the origins of sectarian division within Islam. Abbas reveals how, after Mohammad, Ali assumed the spiritual mantle of Islam to spearhead the movement that the prophet had led. While Ali’s teachings about wisdom, justice, and selflessness continue to be cherished by both Shia and Sunni Muslims, his pluralist ideas have been buried under sectarian agendas and power politics. Today, Abbas argues, Ali’s legacy and message stands against that of ISIS, Al-Qaeda, and Taliban. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: A Treasury of Virtues Al-Qadi al-Quda, 2013-02-04 A Treasury of Virtues is a collection by the Fatimid Shafi‘i judge al-Quda‘i (d. 454 H/1062 AD) of sayings, sermons, and teachings attributed to ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (d. 40 H/661 AD). ‘Ali was the cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad, the first Shia Imam and the fourth Sunni Caliph. An acknowledged master of Arabic eloquence and a sage of Islamic wisdom, Ali was renowned for his words, which were collected, quoted, and studied over the centuries, and extensively anthologized, excerpted, and interpreted. Of the many compilations of ‘Ali’s words, A Treasury of Virtues arguably possesses the broadest compass of genres, and the largest variety of themes. Included are aphorisms, proverbs, sermons, speeches, homilies, prayers, letters, dialogues and verse, all of which provide instruction on how to be a morally upstanding human being. The shorter compilation included here, One Hundred Proverbs, is attributed to the eminent writer al-Jahiz (d. 255 H/869 AD). This volume presents a new critical edition of the Arabic based on several original manuscripts, the first English translation of both these important collections, and an extended introduction. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Sīrat Abī Bakr Al-Ṣiddīq ʻAlī Muḥammad Muḥammad Ṣallābī, 2007 |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Ali Ibn ABI Taalib Ibn Kathir, 2016-11-12 The four Rightly guided Caliphs (Khaliph's) Abu Bakr As-Sideeq, Umar ibn Al-Khattaab, Uthmaan Ibn Affaan and Ali Ibn Abi Taalib. The Biography of Umar Ibn Abdel-Azeez who is regarded as one of the Rightly Guided Khaliphs is also included in this book. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: UMAR IBN AL-KHATTAB MOIN QAZI, 2025-01-26 This is a biography of one of the greatest Caliphs of the Islamic epoch.The well known author Moin Qazi describes the vast range of his noble qualitiesIn the seventh century, the envoy of the Roman Emperor set out for Medinah, accompanied by a large entourage, flaunting the pageantry of adornments for which the Roman Empire was famous. On arrival in the metropolis of Islam, he enquired from a passer-by: “Tell me please, where is the palace of the Caliph?” The Arab looked around and was confused by the absence of any sign of royalty. He was amazed and prompted by a curious emotional thought. He hinted to the Arab commoner, “What do you mean by a palace?” retorted the Arab.” I mean the palace of Umar, the Caliph of Islam,” added the envoy. ‘‘Oh! You want to see Umar. He took him inside the palace. To his amazement, the Caliph was lying on the floor shorn of any trappings of royalty, which the envoy felt embarrassed at the humble sight. His report of the observation Impressed the Roman Emperor. Converting to Islam in the 6th year after Prophet Muhammad’s first revelation, Umar spent 18 years in the companionship of the Prophet. He succeeded Caliph Abu Bakr on 23 August 634 and played a significant role in Islam. His reign saw the transformation of the Islamic state from an Arabian principality to a world power, controlling the whole territory of the former Sassanid Persian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Eastern Roman Empire. His legislative abilities, his firm political and administrative control over a rapidly expanding empire and his brilliantly coordinated attacks against the Sassanid Persian Empire that resulted in the conquest of the Persian Empire in less than two years marked his reputation as an astute political and military strategist. Throughout this remarkable expansion,. A strong ruler, stern toward offenders, and ascetic to the point of harshness, he enjoyed enormous respect for his commitment to justice and authority. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Imam 'Ali From Concise History to Timeless Mystery Reza Shah-Kazemi, 2019-06-03 The life of 'Ali ibn Abi Talib, fourth caliph of early Islam and fountainhead of Shi'ite and Sufi lineages, 'is both inspirational and controversial: intrinsically inspirational and extrinsically controversial.' These words set the tone for what is an detailed and penetrating view of the figure of Imam 'Ali on various planes, the spiritual and ethical, the individual, the political and social. The author draws a unique portrait in which the powerful spiritual undercurrents of early Islamic history can be discerned at play, and where the sanctified heart of the Imam is revealed as a fulcrum of the harmony between the most diverse and even divergent tendencies. These spiritual reflections on the life and thought of Imam 'Ali ibn Abi Talib, cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad, bring to life what is essential and inspirational in his biography. 'Ali is viewed as the paragon of statesmanship, chivalry and mysticism, a man of action and contemplation, the greatest hero of his age as well as its wisest sage. The interplay between his dramatic outward story and his profound inner story heralds the triumph of the human spirit over the difficulties, tragedies and absurdities which are inevitable in 'the life of this world.' This exceptional book may be too Shia for some Sunnis, and too Sunni for some Shia, and it may be too political for some, and too spiritual for others, and so its main value lies precisely in a higher perspective where it reveals harmony, in a keen vision of the forces of tawhid, the drive to union, alive at the centre of historical events as in human hearts. It will have a cathartic effect upon the many, Sunnis and Shia alike, who wish to see 'Ali as a fountainhead of unity in Islam, not as a source of division. It makes accessible to both Muslims and non-Muslims the treasures of loving mercy flowing from 'Ali, a global paragon of initiatic wisdom. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Succession to Muhammad Wilferd Madelung, 1997 In a comprehensive study of early Islamic history, Wilferd Madelung examines the conflict which developed after Muhammad's death for the leadership of the Muslim community. He pursues the history of this conflict through the reign of the four 'Rightly Guided' caliphs to its climax in the first inter-Muslim war. The outcome of the war, which marked the demise of the reign of the Early Companions, resulted in the lasting schism between Sunnite and Shi'ite Islam. Contrary to recent scholarly trends, the author brings out Ali's early claim to legitimate succession, which gained support from the Shi'a, and offers a convincing reinterpretation of early Islamic history. This book will make a major contribution to the debate over succession. Wilferd Madelung's book The Succession to Muhammad has been awarded the Best Book of the Year prize by the Islamic Republic of Iran for the year 1997. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Ali Jalal Moughania, 2021-04-27 This historical narrative of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib, tells the tale of his timeless character that transcends history, religions, and nations. From before his birth to the final moments of his life, Ali's story renews within us the hope we all need. The lessons of his life's journey illuminate a deeper understanding of what it means to endure the darkest times, to persevere, and to rise to a purpose greater than ourselves. Embodying the definition of patience itself, Ali is the compass, the lighthouse, to guide us in navigating the world around us, and the universe within. The gateway to God's beloved Muhammad, Ali is the answer to the wandering heart and the seeker of all that is true. Ali, is 'the elixir of love'. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Shí‘ism: Imãmate & Wilãyat Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi, 2000 Shí‘ism or Shí‘a Islam is the second largest sect of the Muslim world. The central theme of Shí‘a theology is the position, rights, and qualities that the Imams of Ahlul Bayt possess. Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi starts with a brief discussion on the origin of the Shí‘a Islamic faith, and whether it was political in nature or religious. In Chapter II, he surveys the seIf-censorship exercised by Muslim historians at early as well as modern eras, and how events related to Shí‘ism were suppressed in order to appease the rulers. Chapter III expounds on how the Orientalists have dealt with the Ghadír Khumm event: either it is ignored or if quoted, then interpreted to safeguard the interest of the majority Muslims. S.M. Rizvi also discusses the literal and contextual meaning of “mawla which has great bearing on the issue of Imãmat and khilãfat of ‘Ali bin Abí Tãlib. Chapter IV, he surveys the current dispute on the explicitness versus implicitness of ‘Ali’s appointment to the position of imãmate and Khãlifat. This is followed by a chapter on the concept of ‘Ahlul Bayt’ in the Qur’ãn and the sunnah. Chapter VI deals with the wilãyat, the position and authority of the Imam, and its scope from the Qur’ãnic point of view. The treatise ends with a discussion on the esoteric knowledge that the Prophets and the Imams possess and its relevance to their personal life. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Ali Ibn Abi Talib Resit Haylamaz, 2011-09-16 Ali ibn Abi Taleb is the fourth Caliph of Islam, but he is the first to remember from among all the Companions of the Prophet Muhammad as far as bravery is concerned. He is a symbol of courage and gallantry as much as a leading spiritual figure in Islam. This book brings to life the biography of this unique hero of Islam, analyzing where and how he was raised, the dynamics that formed his personality and the struggles that he went through in his lifetime. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The History of the Saracens Simon Ockley, 1757 This edition has a prefixed section on the life of Mohammad by Roger Long. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The History of al-Ṭabarī Vol. 16 , 2015-06-16 This volume of al-Ṭabarī's history deals with the traumatic breakup of the Muslim community following the assassination of the Caliph 'Uthman. It begins with the first seriously contested succession to the caliphate, that of ʿAlī, and proceeds inexorably through the rebellion of 'A'ishah, T'alhah, and al-Zubayr, to the Battle of the Camel, the first time Muslim army faced Muslim army. It thus deals with the very first violent response to the two central problems of Muslim history: who is the rightful leader, and which is the true community? It is a section with the weightiest implications for the Muslim interpretation of history, wide open to special pleading. There are the Shi'a who depict ʿAlī as a spiritual leader fighting against false accusations and the worldly ambitious. Conversely, there are those who would depict him or his followers in a negative light. There are also the 'Abbasid historians, who, though anti-Umayyad, must balance a reverence for the Prophet's household (ahl al-bayt) with a denunciation of 'Alid antiestablishmentarianism. All these points of view, and more, are represented in al-Ṭabarī's compilation, illustrating the difficulty the Muslim community as a whole has faced in coming to terms with these disastrous events. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: 100 Virtues of Ali ibn Abi Talib Ibn Shadhān Al-Qummī, This book contains one hundred narrations based on the chains of transmission that are accepted by the General Population, about the merits of the commander of the Believers, Ali b. Abī Ṭālib, and his sons, the Imams. This book specifically has had a great impact in the Muslim world because the author has carefully selected the sources from Sunni books, thereby eliminating any question of impartiality. Those who study the history of Islam find that occasionally, paid writers try to create doubt in the peoples’ hearts with their poisonous books. It is our scholars who fight them with precious and authentic publications, such as this one, which is void of any personal opinion. There are two editions of this book. The first is in the library of Āyatullāh Sayyid Muṣṭafā Al-Khūnsārī, and the second one is in the library of Āyatullāh Al-Mar'ashī Al-Najafī. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Sayings and Wisdom of Imam Ali , 2018-12-10 The sayings and wisdom of Imam `Ali transcend superficial differences, to reveal everlasting truths that can only serve to guide and illuminate the seeker and traveler on his or her journey through life, as clearly, constantly, and unerringly as the Pole Star. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Sacred Foundations of Justice in Islam Ali M. Lakhani, Reza Shah-Kazemi, Leonard Lewisohn, 2006-08-23 This is the definitive introduction to the writings of 'Ali, who was the son-in-law to the Prophet Muhammad, the fourth caliph to Sunni Muslims, and the central figure in Shi'a Islam. Two essays in this anthology won awards at the International Congress on Iman 'Ali, Tehran, 2001. Seyyed Hossein Nasr, pronounced them, among the best writings on this extraordinary figure in Western languages and are obligatory reading for anyone interested in 'Ali. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Story of Ali Ibn Abi Talib Maria Khan, 2023 |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Struggle for Faith Vance Wilson, 2004 ... offers an inspiring challenge to all to stand back from the busyness of the world and take a simple assessment of our spiritual journey. From a lecture delivered at a Faith, Work, and Vocation breakfast at Virginia Seminary.--Publisher's website. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Historical Atlas of Islam Malise Ruthven, Azim Nanji, 2004 Chronicles the history of Islam from the birth of Mohammed to the independence of former Soviet Muslim States, covering a wide variety of themes, including philosophy, arts, and architecture. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Atlas Al-sīrah Al-Nabawīyah , 2004 Reviews the biography of the Prophet (pbuh) and tracks the places honored by his visits, the battles he fought, and the expeditions and envoys he directed. This atlas gives the Seerah in a brief form, and includes maps, diagrams and photographs to show the places and directions of various events that took place in the life of Prophet degree (S). |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Islamic Exceptionalism Shadi Hamid, 2016-06-07 In Islamic Exceptionalism, Brookings Institution scholar and acclaimed author Shadi Hamid offers a novel and provocative argument on how Islam is, in fact, exceptional in how it relates to politics, with profound implications for how we understand the future of the Middle East. Divides among citizens aren't just about power but are products of fundamental disagreements over the very nature and purpose of the modern nation state—and the vexing problem of religion’s role in public life. Hamid argues for a new understanding of how Islam and Islamism shape politics by examining different models of reckoning with the problem of religion and state, including the terrifying—and alarmingly successful—example of ISIS. With unprecedented access to Islamist activists and leaders across the region, Hamid offers a panoramic and ambitious interpretation of the region's descent into violence. Islamic Exceptionalism is a vital contribution to our understanding of Islam's past and present, and its outsized role in modern politics. We don't have to like it, but we have to understand it—because Islam, as a religion and as an idea, will continue to be a force that shapes not just the region, but the West as well in the decades to come. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The New Sectarianism Geneive Abdo, 2017 The ensuing clash--between Islamism and Nationalism, Shi'a and Sunni, and other factions within these communities-- |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Life and Marriage of Fatimah Al-Zahrah Luqman Andalusi, 2017 |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Prophet's Heir Hassan Abbas, 2021-02-23 The life and legacy of one of Mohammad’s closest confidants and Islam’s patron saint: Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali ibn Abi Talib is arguably the single most important spiritual and intellectual authority in Islam after prophet Mohammad. Through his teachings and leadership as fourth caliph, Ali nourished Islam. But Muslims are divided on whether he was supposed to be Mohammad’s political successor—and he continues to be a polarizing figure in Islamic history. Hassan Abbas provides a nuanced, compelling portrait of this towering yet divisive figure and the origins of sectarian division within Islam. Abbas reveals how, after Mohammad, Ali assumed the spiritual mantle of Islam to spearhead the movement that the prophet had led. While Ali’s teachings about wisdom, justice, and selflessness continue to be cherished by both Shia and Sunni Muslims, his pluralist ideas have been buried under sectarian agendas and power politics. Today, Abbas argues, Ali’s legacy and message stands against that of ISIS, Al-Qaeda, and Taliban. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Voice of Human Justice George Jordac, 2014-09-27 This book is one of the many Islamic publications distributed by Talee throughout the world in different languages with the aim of conveying the message of Islam to the people of the world. Talee (www.talee.org) is a registered Organization that operates and is sustained through collaborative efforts of volunteers in many countries around the world, and it welcomes your involvement and support. Its objectives are numerous, yet its main goal is to spread the truth about the Islamic faith in general and the Shi`a School of Thought in particular due to the latter being misrepresented, misunderstood and its tenets often assaulted by many ignorant folks, Muslims and non-Muslims. Organization's purpose is to facilitate the dissemination of knowledge through a global medium, the Internet, to locations where such resources are not commonly or easily accessible or are resented, resisted and fought! In addition, Talee aims at encouraging scholarship, research and enquiry through the use of technological facilitates. For a complete list of our published books please refer to our website (www.talee.org) or send us an email to info@talee.org |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Story of the Qur'an Ingrid Mattson, 2013-02-18 This popular introduction by a well-known Islamic scholar has been updated and expanded, offering a balanced portrayal of the Qur’an and its place in historic and contemporary Muslim society. Features new sections on the Qur’an and its relationship to democracy, science, human rights, and the role of women Contains expanded sections on the Qur’an in the life cycle of Muslims, and in Islamic ethics and law Incorporates additional images and student features, including a glossary. Supported by an accompanying website (available on publication) hosting a range of additional material, including student resources, links to important websites, news stories, and more This title is also available as an eTextbook on the CourseSmart platform, as a Wiley Desktop Edition, or via your preferred eTextbook vendor; eTextbooks offer convenience, enhanced electronic functionality, and flexible pricing options – learn more at www.wiley.com/college/wileyflex |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Life of the Prophet Muhammad Leila Azzam, Aisha Gouverneur, 1985 This children's book on the life of the Prophet Muhammad is taken from traditional Muslim biographical literature, including hadith. Passages from the Qur'an are used throughout to reinforce the stories. The material is authentic and the style lively and attractive. Although the book has been written for children of 10 to 15 years of age, it can be usefully read by anyone as an introduction because of its completeness and clarity. There are 32 colour illustrations although there has been no attempt to portray either the Prophet or his Companions. The illustrations are representative of traditional Islamic life as lived in many Arab countries and portray scenes that have occurred in those countries for over a thousand years. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Ali the Magnificent Yousuf Lalljee, 2013-12-01 This book is one of the many Islamic publications distributed by Ahlulbayt Organization throughout the world in different languages with the aim of conveying the message of Islam to the people of the world. You may read this book carefully and should you be interested to have further study on such publications you can contact us through www.shia.es Naturally, if we find you to be a keen and energetic reader we shall give you a deserving response in sending you some other publications of this Organization. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Timeless Seeds of Advice B. B. Abdulla, 2019-09-13 A selection of beautiful and practical pieces of advice from the Quran, the Prophet PBUH and Islam's great scholars on repentance, guidance and purification. This book is designed to serve as a source of hope and strength for those going through difficult times, while providing numerous important pieces of knowledge and guidance for all readers and all times |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Shi'ite Religion Dwight M. Donaldson, 1984 |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Al-kafi Sheikh Abu Jafar Muhammad Ibn Yaqub Ibn Al-Kulayni Ar-Razi, Muhammad Ibn Ya'qub Al-kulayni, 2017-05-20 This book is one of the many Islamic publications distributed by Mustafa Organization throughout the world in different languages with the aim of conveying the message of Islam to the people of the world. Mustafa Organization is a registered Organization that operates and is sustained through collaborative efforts of volunteers in many countries around the world, and it welcomes your involvement and support. Its objectives are numerous, yet its main goal is to spread the truth about the Islamic faith in general and the Shi`a School of Thought in particular due to the latter being misrepresented, misunderstood and its tenets often assaulted by many ignorant folks, Muslims and non-Muslims. Organization's purpose is to facilitate the dissemination of knowledge through a global medium, the Internet, to locations where such resources are not commonly or easily accessible or are resented, resisted and fought! |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Khadija-tul-Kubra (the Wife of the Prophet Muhammed) May Allah be Pleased with Her Syed A. A. Razwy, 1990 |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Life of Muhammad Muḥammad Ibn Isḥāq, 2017 |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Caught in a Whirlwind: A Cultural History of Ottoman Baghdad as Reflected in Its Illustrated Manuscripts Melis Taner, 2019-10-14 Caught in a Whirlwind: A Cultural History of Ottoman Baghdad as Reflected in its Illustrated Manuscripts focuses on a period of great artistic vitality in the region of Baghdad, a frontier area that was caught between the rival Ottoman and Safavid empires. In the period following the peace treaty of 1590, a corpus of more than thirty illustrated manuscripts and several single page paintings were produced. In this book Melis Taner presents a contextual study of the vibrant late sixteenth-century and early seventeenth-century Baghdad art market, opening up further avenues of research on art production in provinces and border regions. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: The Heirs of the Prophet Muhammad Barnaby Rogerson, 2006 |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Ethical Living through Stories Wen-chin Ouyang, 2025-02-20 Literature has for thousands of years served as a space in which people have negotiated the ethics of daily life. In the Islamic tradition, the broad concept of adab spans ethical instruction and literary culture. Literature classified as adab was intended to cultivate readers' minds and characters. Similarly, the Chinese concept of wen represents the intellectual, cultural, and ethical foundations of society. Adab and wen offer ways to navigate complex social environments with respect and empathy, promoting harmony in multicultural societies. Such concepts remain highly relevant and valuable in today's global world. In this book, Wen-chin Ouyang shows how our experience of adab stories has the power to transform both our personal relationships and society. She draws on classic Arabic stories from the famous Thousand and One Nights and compares them with tales from the canonical Chinese novels Three Kingdoms, The Journey to the West, and Water Margin. The book demonstrates how these stories tell us about ourselves, allowing us to define, test, and refine our ethics of living. More than this, they have the power to help us experience a profound contemplation of our lives on earth, linking us to our shared humanity and showing us how to live meaningfully. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: A Biography of Story, A Brief History of Humanity Trish Nicholson, 2016-11-04 An entertaining cultural history and a highly original take on the power of stories in societies past and present. Trish Nicholson brings us a unique interweaving of literature and history seen through the eyes of storytellers, making a fascinating journey for general readers and students alike. From tales of the Bedouin, to Homer, Aesop and Valmiki, and from Celtic bards and Icelandic skalds to Chaucer, Rabelais, Shakespeare, Scott and Chekhov, some of the many storytellers featured will be familiar to you; others from Africa, Asia and the Pacific may be fresh discoveries. Beginning with oral tales of our foraging ancestors, the emergence of writing, the great migrations, the age of exploration and the invention of printing through to the industrial revolution and the digital age, Nicholson brings us voices from all corners of the world. Combining this extraordinary breadth with telling myths, epics, fables, fairy tales and legends, she reveals their story-power in the comedy and tragedy of human affairs. And what of Story’s future..? A Biography of Story, A Brief History of Humanity is our own human epic, thoroughly researched and referenced, and told with the imaginative flair of an accomplished storyteller. This is a book-lover’s book, illustrated and handsomely presented in hardback and paperback volumes designed ‘to have and to hold’. Key selling points • Unique in scope, beginning with pre-history through to the digital age • Deeply researched but written in an easy, entertaining and accessible style with imagination and humour • Ideal foundation reading for students of literature, history, writing, and humanities. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: ICIIS 2019 JM Muslimin, Kusmana Kusmana, Yusuf Durachman, Husni Teja Sukmana, Dewi Khairani, 2020-05-04 The event to provide a scientific forum that will appeal to them -individual scholars, practitioners, policy makers, especially post graduate students to present their experiences, research findings, sharing ideas and experiences. For the nature of the object being discussed is interdisciplinary, the Post-Graduate School (SPS) of Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta is called to organize International Colloquium on Interdisciplinary Studies 2019 (ICIIS 2019) with the theme “Moslem Societies and Social Transformation”. In 2019, this event has been held in 7-9 November 2019 in the Post-Graduate School of Syarif Hidayattullah State Islamic University Jakarta. It is the conjunction with the 3rd International Conference on Quran and Hadith Studies (ICONQUHAS2019). The event is jointly organized and hosted by Postgraduate School, Faculty of Theology (Ushuluddin) of Syarif Hidayattullah State Islamic University Jakarta, Paramadina University, and Islamic University of Jakarta. The conference papers from any kind of stakeholders and interdisciplinary studies related with Religion, and Social Related Studies. Each contributed paper was refereed before being accepted for publication. The double-blind peer reviewed was used in the paper selection. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Land Between the Rivers Bartle Bull, 2024-09-10 The epic, five millennia history of the region between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers that was the birthplace of civilization and remains today the essential crossroads between East and West At the start of the fourth millennium BC, at the edge of historical time, civilization first arrived with the advent of cities and the invention of writing that began to replace legend with history. This occurred on the floodplains of southern Iraq where the great rivers Tigris and Euphrates meet the Persian Gulf. By 3000 BC, a city called Uruk (from which “Iraq” is derived) had 80,000 residents. Indeed, as Bartle Bull reveals in his magisterial history, “if one divides the 5,000 years of human civilization into ten periods of five centuries each, during the first nine of these the world’s leading city was in one of the three regions of current day Iraq”—or to use its Greek name, Mesopotamia. Inspired by extensive reporting from the region to spend a decade delving deep into its history, Bull chronicles the story of Iraq from the exploits of Gilgamesh (almost certainly an historical figure) to the fall of the Iraqi monarchy in 1958 that ushered in its familiar modern era. The land between the rivers has been the melting pot and battleground of countless outsiders, from the Akkadians of Hammurabi and the Greeks of Alexander to the Ottomans of Suleiman the Magnificent. Here, by the waters of Babylon, Judaism was born and the Sunni-Shia schism took its bloody shape. Central themes play out over the millennia: humanity’s need for freedom versus the co-eternal urge of tyranny; the ever-present conflict and cross-fertilization of East and West with Iraq so often the hinge. We tend to view today’s tensions in the Middle East through the prism of the last hundred years since the Treaty of Versailles imposed a controversial realignment of its borders. Bartle Bull’s remarkable, sweeping achievement reminds us that the region defined by the land between the rivers has for five millennia played a uniquely central role on the global stage. |
| ali ibn abi talib story: Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture Coeli Fitzpatrick Ph.D., Adam Hani Walker, 2014-04-25 This in-depth examination of the life, history, and influence of Muhammad as discussed by leading scholars provides a wide-ranging look at the prophet's legacy unlike any other in the field of Islamic and culture studies. Within the Islamic world, the prophet Muhammad's influence is profound. But even outside of the religion of Islam, this visionary had a wide-ranging impact on history, society, literature, art, philosophy, and theology. Within this work's more than 200 A–Z entries, internationally recognized scholars summarize views of Muhammad from the earliest editors of the Qu'ran to contemporary Muslim theologians. This detailed resource explores the traditions, ceremonies, and beliefs of Islam as they have spread worldwide, and examines Muhammad's role in other religious traditions as well as the secular world. Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God distills 14 centuries of thinking about Muhammad, fully capturing his enduring legacy. This encyclopedia will benefit any reader seeking a greater understanding of the founder of Islam, the fastest-growing religion in the world. No other publication discusses Muhammad at such a high level of detail while remaining easily accessible to non-specialist, Western audiences. |
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