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| 2022 national defense strategy: Operational Energy Alan Howard, Daniel Nussbaum, Brenda Shaffer, 2024-08-26 Energy is an enabler of – and a constraint on – military power. Operational Energy provides military officers with knowledge and skills to plan effectively for the operational energy needs of their forces. Operational energy is the energy used to train, move, and sustain military forces and weapons platforms for military operations. Energy has always played a role in battlefield outcomes. Over the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries the importance of energy in warfighting has grown. Today, energy is a critical pillar of national defense and a major factor in military power. In modern warfare, attaining energy superiority over one’s adversaries is a critical condition for success on the battlefield. Operational energy planning is an integral part of all combat and regular operations. Operational Energy is a valuable and extensive resource for students of US Department of Defense courses in military universities, colleges, and academic training programs; scholars of geopolitics, and researchers on US and global energy security. Operational Energy is to date the only textbook on defense energy planning, analysis, and strategy. It examines in detail fuel types, geopolitical issues, energy supply risks, market economic factors, and technology, presenting topics for future research. It also includes chapter summaries, main points for study, and case studies. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Military Strategy in an Era of Unipolar Demise Håkan Edström, Jacob Westberg, 2024-11-15 This book presents a systematic comparison of the military strategies pursued by five great powers, eight major middle powers and eight middle powers during the early twenty-first century. In addition to mapping the strategic priorities of these states, the study develops and applies a theoretical framework to explain differences and similarities in their strategic priorities. Moreover, the work evaluates how the stability of the present international system, and the US-led liberal international order (LIO), is affected by the strategies pursued by the US and other leading states. The book aims to contribute to previous research in three ways. First, it intervenes in the debate on the stability of the unipolar system and the US-led international order by offering a theoretical framework and an empirical approach for exploring and explaining the strategic priorities and defence strategies of different categories of states. Second, it aims to fill a void in research on strategy – the lack of a comparative and systematic approach to contemporary strategy that facilitates and guides systematic comparisons and analyses of the alignment and military strategies pursued by both major powers and less powerful states. Third, it provides an empirical contribution to the debate on the stability of the unipolar system and the US-led international order by presenting a documentation of the strategic priorities of 21 states based on primary sources, consisting of official documents such as national security and defence strategies and defence bills. In the conclusion, the authors summarise the empirical findings on the system level, the regional level and the unit level and present their overarching conclusions for the whole project. This book will be of much interest to students of military and strategic studies, defence studies, foreign policy and international relations in general. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: We Need to Talk About Defence Andrew Curtis, 2024-09-19 Based on a distinguished 35-year career in the RAF as an Air Commodore, Andrew R. Curtis highlights what is wrong with the way defence is managed today, and presents evidence-based proposals to fix it. Defence is failing to deliver. From the ability of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) to develop defence policy, to the single service's - Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force (RAF) - ability to acquire and maintain military capability, and undertake military operations. This is not a new problem; indeed, ever since the creation of the MoD in 1964, there have been tensions between the department of state and the armed forces over allocations of responsibility, authority and accountability. Concerned with political oversight; the allocation of responsibility, authority, and accountability; administration of people; organisational structures; and policies and processes, Curtis compellingly demonstrates the critical need to reform the management of Defence for the UK's armed forces to fight and win in the future. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Forward Defense Seth G. Jones, Seamus P. Daniels, Catrina Doxsee, Daniel Fata, Kathleen J. McInnis, 2024-07-07 Russia's February 2022 invasion of Ukraine triggered the bloodiest war in Europe since World War II and raised significant questions about the United States' role in Europe. This CSIS report examines the U.S. force posture in Europe---including the military capabilities, personnel, infrastructure, and agreements that support defense operations and plans---and makes recommendations for future U.S. posture. It finds that the United States needs a robust, long-term military force posture in Europe, focused on the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) eastern flank, to deter future Russian aggression. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The Very Long Game Heiko Borchert, Torben Schütz, Joseph Verbovszky, 2024-07-18 This open access book is the outcome of a unique multinational effort organized by the Hamburg-based Defense AI Observatory (DAIO) to portray the current state of affairs regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) by armed forces around the world. The contributions span a diverse range of geostrategic contexts by providing in-depth case studies on Australia, Canada, China, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, Turkey, Ukraine, the UK, and the United States. The book does not speculate about the future implications of AI on armed forces, but rather discusses how armed forces are currently exploring the potential of this emerging technology. By adopting a uniform analytical framework, each case study discusses how armed forces view defense AI; how they are developing AI-enhanced solutions, adapting existing structures and processes, and funding their defense AI endeavors; to what extent defense AI is already fielded and operated; and how soldiers and officers are being trained to work with AI. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The End of Engagement David M. McCourt, 2024-09-03 After the Cold War, America's leaders hoped Russia and China could be integrated into the rules-based international order and might even become more like the West. By the late 2010s, their optimism was dead. In The End of Engagement, David M. McCourt traces the intense personal, professional, and policy struggles over China and Russia in U.S. foreign policy since 1989. Drawing on 170 original interviews with America's China and Russia experts--from former policymakers and diplomats to prominent think tankers and academics--McCourt chronicles the rise and recent fall of engagement with Beijing and Moscow. While there are numerous explanations for why America moved away from engagement with China and Russia in the last decade, McCourt shows that none consider how important foreign policy knowledge communities have been in impacting policy. Adopting a unique, sociological perspective, this book offers an intimate look into the world of America's national security experts as they have struggled to make sense of changes in China and Russia and the remaining question of what comes next. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Cold Rivals Evan S. Medeiros, 2023 Cold Rivals brings together a distinguished group of scholars from the United States and China to examine the new era of strategic competition in US-China relations. The two countries are now competitors locked in a long-term rivalry, but how volatile the rivalry will become is still to be determined. The book explores not only the historical roots and contemporary foreign policy aspects of this era, but the volume also looks at the economic, military, and technological arenas of US-China strategic competition. In doing so, this volume highlights important differences in US and Chinese perspectives. A final section of the volume explores future scenarios for the relationship from different perspectives but with all of them coming to the sobering conclusion about a future marked by expanding differences, growing tensions, economic disengagement, and pressures for a global competition. This policy-relevant book provides a comprehensive overview of US-China strategic competition and reinvigorates thinking about how to avoid reaching a crisis point-- |
| 2022 national defense strategy: A New Global Geometry? Greg Albo, 2024-06-18 Scrutinizes possibilities for an equalised global order, in light of recent conflicts between the world’s major powers The “post-Cold War era is definitively over,” asserted US President Joe Biden as he launched the new National Security Strategy, warning in late 2022 that “a competition is underway between the major powers to shape what comes next.” American leadership, the document declared, would be more necessary than ever to define the future of the international order,” insisting that the US must marshal its unparalleled economic, military, and diplomatic resources to confront its geopolitical rivals. Socialist Register 2024: A New Global Geometry? takes stock of momentous changes on the horizon: Even if these geopolitical shifts do not spell the end of globalization, how might they alter its historical trajectory? While it is it premature to speak of the end of the liberal economic order, let alone the development of a multipolar international system, can we begin to assess the dimensions of a new global geometry? And, how might we assess the potential vulnerabilities of socialist movements worldwide, alongside the potential resistance our movements might manage to present, grounded in our historical demands for a democratic and equalizing world order? |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The Uncertainty Doctrine Alexandra Homolar, 2023-09-14 The first account of narrative politics in US defense policy surrounding the end of the Cold War. This book will appeal to a broad readership group including Foreign Policy Analysis, (Critical) Security Studies, and International Relations. It will also be useful for courses on American politics. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: U.S. Foreign Policy Steven W. Hook, Amy Skonieczny, 2024-05-22 The same aspects of American government and society that propelled the United States to global primacy have also hampered its orderly and successful conduct of foreign policy. This paradox challenges U.S. leaders to overcome threats to America′s world power in the face of fast-moving global developments and political upheavals at home. U.S. Foreign Policy explores this paradox, identifies its key sources and manifestations, and considers its future implications. Authors Steven W. Hook and Amy Skonieczny help students learn how to think critically about these cascading developments and the link between the process and the conduct of U.S. foreign policy. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The Oxford Handbook of NATO James Sperling, Mark Webber, 2025-02-20 The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has since its foundation in 1949 been the principal body of the Western security order, and remains as important in the 2020s as it was in the 1950s. This Handbook offers the most extensive treatment of the Alliance published in the last two decades, providing detailed coverage of NATO allies, policies, and organizational structures. It brings together internationally renowned scholars who interrogate NATO's actions from historical, theoretical, and empirical perspectives. The Handbook is divided into nine parts. Following an introductory part offering a thematic overview of NATO, framed by different approaches to domestic politics and global order, the second part explores three broad questions - what is NATO for, who is NATO for, and whither NATO? Part Three is more expressly theoretical, providing multi-perspectival analyses of the Alliance. Part Four then turns to how NATO works as a political-military alliance. Parts Five and Six are concerned with what NATO does in practical terms - how it addresses a wide range of security threats and what operations it has mounted in response. Part Seven looks at some of NATO's most significant allies including France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Part Eight, meanwhile, is concerned with partnerships and key relationships beyond NATO's membership - looking at Australia, Georgia, Ukraine, Russia, China, the European Union, and the European neutrals as well as ties to states in the Gulf, the Middle East, and North Africa. The final part of the volume offers reflections on NATO's recent past and possible lines of future development. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Sustainable Peace in Northeast Asia Yong-Shik Lee, 2023-09-05 Sustainable Peace in Northeast Asia examines the causes of lasting and complex tensions in the region from underlying political, historical, military and economic perspectives; discusses their historical development and political-economic implications for the world; and explores possible solutions to build lasting peace. The book is unique in that it approaches the topic from the historical perspective of each constituent country in the region. Major global powers such as the United States and Russia have also closely engaged in the political and economic affairs of this region through a network of alliances, diplomacy, trade and investment. The book also discusses the influence of these external powers over the crisis, their political and economic objectives in the region, their strategies and the dynamics that their engagement has created. Both South Korea and North Korea have sought reunification of the Korean peninsula, which will have a substantial impact on the region. The book examines its justification, feasibility and effects for the region. The book discusses the role of Mongolia in the context of the power dynamics in Northeast Asia. A relatively small country, in terms of its population, Mongolia has rarely been examined in this context; Sustainable Peace in Northeast Asia makes a fresh assessment of its potential role. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Europe’s Evolving Role in US Grand Strategy Linde Desmaele, 2023-11-10 This book looks at the evolution of the role of Europe in US grand strategy, and unpacks how US administrations have instrumentalized this relationship in pursuit of extra-European objectives. The work considers geopolitical pressures in conjunction with leaders’ strategic ideas to provide an account of the evolution of the role of Europe in the context of US grand strategy. Observers generally agree on the vague notion that Europe has been de-prioritized in Washington’s external affairs. Against this background, the book makes the case that such de-prioritization of Europe in the context of US grand strategy also entails a reconceptualization of the transatlantic relationship, namely as a region featuring long-standing relationships that can at times be leveraged in pursuit of non-European goals. The United States has a long history of seeking European support or acquiescence for its role as the leader of the international system, but whereas during the Cold War Washington enlisted its European allies in a grand strategic struggle against a European power, more recently, it has sought to enlist European allies in extra-European struggles of different types. Thinking about the role of Europe in US grand strategy now requires new theoretical and empirical tools that allow for the recognition of this very fact. Accordingly, this book proposes that strategic ideas on the viability of international cooperation held within the White House crucially shape what – if any -- type of support the United States seeks from Europe on the global stage. In doing so, the book adds important nuance to other accounts proclaiming either the proverbial death of the transatlantic relationship or the eternal and unchanging nature thereof. This book will be of much interest to students of European security, US foreign policy, and International Relations. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Foundations of Homeland Security and Emergency Management Martin J. Alperen, 2023-11-30 Foundations of Homeland Security and Emergency Management Complete guide to understanding homeland security law The newly revised and updated Third Edition of Foundations of Homeland Security and Emergency Management enables readers to develop a conceptual understanding of the legal foundations of homeland security and emergency management (HSEM) by presenting the primary source law and policy documents we have established to address “all hazards,” both terrorism and natural disasters. The book demonstrates that HSEM involves many specialties and that it must be viewed expansively and in the long-term. The Third Edition has more sources than previous editions and is streamlined with fewer long quotations. It highlights only those portions of the various documents and statutes necessary to provide the reader an understanding of what the law is designed to accomplish. Foundations of Homeland Security and Emergency Management includes information on: WMD, now expanded to include Pandemic Laws Political extremism, domestic threats, Posse Comitatus Act, and Insurrection Act Space Law, comparative Drone Law with Japan, HSEM in Puerto Rico Homeland Security Legal Architecture before 9/11 Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues in Homeland Security Critical Infrastructure Protection, Resiliency, and Culture of Preparedness With its accessible format, plethora of primary source documentation, and comprehensive coverage of the subject, this book is an essential resource for professionals and advanced students in law enforcement, national and homeland security, emergency management, intelligence, and critical infrastructure protection. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The Politics of United States Foreign Policy James M. Scott, Jerel A. Rosati, 2023-06-22 What are the factors that shape and determine the foreign policy choices of the United States? The Politics of United States Foreign Policy helps students consider the players, processes, and politics that drive US decisions and involvement in foreign policy. Blending substance, theory, and stimulating analysis, James Scott and Jerel Rosati emphasize that society, government, and global forces play a role in the struggle over competing values when it comes to foreign policymaking. The book discusses historical patterns, the president’s ability to influence both at home and abroad, and the tension between democracy and national security. The Eighth Edition has been updated to cover developments since the end of the Trump administration, the transition to the Biden administration, the challenges of changing international and domestic contexts, and the increasingly partisan political environment. It also incorporates key recent national and international developments, including the global pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, US global reengagement, and competition between the US and key rivals like China and Russia. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The Military Legacy of Alexander the Great Michael P. Ferguson, Ian Worthington, 2023-11-28 Placing Alexander the Great’s leadership, command skills, and grand strategy within the context of twenty-first century military challenges, and thus showing continuities in leadership and warfare since his time, this volume demonstrates how and why Alexander is relevant to the modern world by emphasizing the need for human leadership in our digital era. Not only does this volume explore Alexander’s rich military history, but also it provides a robust exploration of the twenty-first century security environment. Theorists and policy-makers will gain insight into how Alexander’s story informs our thinking about peace, war, and strategy, while practitioners and educators will encounter ways to improve their approaches to leader development and building curricula. Ferguson and Worthington set forth these lessons in a thematic framework that organises Alexander’s reign into distinct parts, together with chapters discussing the lessons and warnings he brings to the modern world. Twenty-fifth National Security Advisor to the President of the United States, Lt. Gen. H. R. McMaster, provides a thoughtful conclusion to this fascinating volume. Alexander’s timeless campaigns remain as germane to this age as any other and demonstrate the critical importance of dynamic leadership and historical studies in an era increasingly dominated by the culture of technology. The Military Legacy of Alexander the Great is expertly written for students and scholars in a variety of disciplines, including Classics, Ancient History, Modern History, Peace Studies, and Military Studies. It is also of great interest to senior defence leaders, military academies, leadership- and management-focused academic programmes, intelligence organizations, and senior service colleges. The volume is also suitable for the general reader interested in warfare, military history, and history more broadly. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: A Measure Short of War Jill Kastner, William C. Wohlforth, 2025-01-07 A fast-paced, gripping history of meddling, manipulation, and skulduggery among great power rivals In 2016, the United States was stunned by evidence of Russian meddling in the US presidential elections. But it shouldn't have been. Subversion--domestic interference to undermine or manipulate a rival--is as old as statecraft itself. The basic idea would have been familiar to Sun Tzu, Thucydides, Elizabeth I, or Bismarck. Russia's operation was just the latest episode, and there will be more to come. It came as a surprise in 2016 because the sole superpower had fallen asleep at the wheel. But what's really new? Have we entered a new age of vulnerability? To answer these questions, and to protect ourselves against future subversion, we need a clear-eyed understanding of what it is and how it works. In A Measure Short of War, Jill Kastner and William C. Wohlforth provide just that, taking the reader on a compelling ride through the history of subversion, exploring two thousand years of mischief and manipulation to illustrate subversion's allure, its operational possibilities, and the means for fighting back against it. With vivid examples from the ancient world, the great-power rivalries of the 19th century, epic Cold War struggles, and more, A Measure Short of War shows how prior technological revolutions opened up new avenues for subversion, and how some democracies have been fatally weakened by foreign subverters while others have artfully defended themselves--and their democratic principles. A primer on the history of subversive statecraft in great power rivalry, A Measure Short of War will leave readers smarter about foreign meddling, more prepared to debate national responses, and better able to navigate between the twin temptations of insouciance and overreaction. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Bangladesh on a New Journey Sreeradha Datta, 2024-01-30 This volume contributes to understanding Bangladesh's growth story, as it celebrates 50 years of independence. The fastest growing South Asian state is being recognised as an important partner and model case study with increasing global relevance by world powers. Sreeradha Datta reviews many of its critical bilateral relationships, as well as its expanding influence in the region and world beyond, enabling an understanding of how Bangladesh's growth trajectory complements and informs its foreign policy aims. The volume has a mixture of thematic and bilateral chapters, and includes the active Bangladeshi diaspora population and its influence on the country's unfolding narrative. Datta features the viewpoints of key Bangladeshi policy makers; expert takes on how the world is engaging with Bangladesh; and covers the growing salience of Bangladesh's foreign policy, reflecting its new acquired economic status. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Nuclear Arms Control in Peril Thomas D. Grant, 2024-12-10 In this book, a former US Department of State senior arms control official critically analyses two pivotal nuclear arms control treaties: the established Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and the rising Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW). The book offers a concise and critical analysis of the two, illuminating both their strengths and shortcomings. The author acknowledges the idealistic goal of the TPNW but argues that its immediate abolitionist stance lacks a roadmap for achievement. Instead, the book advocates realistic progress within the NPT framework. It provides twelve key negotiation topics for fostering meaningful dialogue among nuclear-weapon states, while emphasizing the urgency of concrete action in a world facing growing nuclear threats. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: A World in Transition: America, Europe and the Transformation of the Global Order Christoph Bluth, 2025-05-02 This path-breaking study examines the profound reconfiguration of the postwar liberal international order, driven by America’s apparent retreat from global leadership, Europe’s strategic dilemmas, and rising great power competition. Focusing on U.S. and European responses to challenges like the Trump administration’s “America First” policies, the rise of Chinese power, Russian aggression, and the erosion of multilateral institutions Bluth analyses how security, trade, and political structures are adapting. This book argues that the global order is not simply collapsing or fragmenting, as some accounts have suggested, but undergoing a more complex process of contested continuity. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The Retreat from Strategy DAVID. LINDLEY-FRENCH RICHARDS (JULIAN.), Julian Lindley-French, 2024-09-12 |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Confronting China James H. Anderson, Daniel R. Green, 2024-10-31 Informed by senior policymakers with extensive expertise in defense, this book provides a comprehensive regional and functional perspective on US policy toward the People's Republic of China. Confronting China addresses the central security questions of our generation: How best can the United States deter Chinese aggression and win the peace? China's pursuit of global hegemony reflects a patient yet determined effort to reshape the international order in its favor. Deterring Chinese aggression and winning the peace necessitates an integrated approach that draws upon all instruments of US national power. Drawing on the insightful analysis of more than a dozen senior national security practitioners, chapters discuss the China challenge from multiple perspectives. Contributors examine the different dimensions of China's growing power and assess how well they advance the Chinese Communist Party's political ambitions and what must be done to counter them. Drawing upon each writer's particular areas of expertise, chapter authors provide concrete, strategy-based, and resource-informed policy recommendations. In the concluding chapter, the editors review common threads and key insights from the preceding chapters, placing them in a larger strategic context. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Breaking the Engagement David Shambaugh, 2025 For over three decades following the 1972 rapprochement between the US and China, the two countries seemed to be steadily building a stronger relationship even accounting for periodic setbacks like the Tiananmen Square Massacre. The last decade, though, has seen a sharp increase in tensions between the two countries. What happened? In Broken Engagement: How China Lost America, author David Shambaugh examines the evolution, expansion, and disintegration of the American engagement coalition and policies toward China. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Survival: December 2023- January 2024 The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), 2023-12-08 Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: Lawrence Freedman assesses Russia’s nuclear red line and how Vladimir Putin’s views compare to those of Russian pundits Steven Simon and Jonathan Stevenson explore the roots of Hamas’s attack on Israel on 7 October, and the options available to the United States for restraining the Israeli government Charlie Laderman assesses the similarities between December 1941 – when Germany and Japan, determining it to be inevitable, declared war on the US – and the ongoing geopolitical crises governments face today Sara Bjerg Moller reflects on NATO allies’ failure to deliver on national collective-defence targets as the Alliance approaches its 75th anniversary Lynn Kuok explores China’s reshaping of international law to achieve its strategic goals, and other countries’ failure to do so And seven more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West Editorial Assistant: Conor Hodges |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Emerging Technologies, Novel Crimes, and Security Hedi Nasheri, 2024-12-30 This book provides a holistic overview of the complexities of modern technological advances and their implications for crime and security. It examines the societal dilemmas that accompany these technologies, their strategic impact on geopolitics, governments, business, and civil society. The increasingly interconnected world gives rise to novel crimes and creates a new, complex set of threats. Understanding this landscape is essential to strategizing for the prevention, protection, mitigation, and risk assessment of technology-related crime. Practical and approachable, this book builds knowledge and awareness of the impact of emerging technologies on crime and security among professionals, students, academicians, researchers, and policymakers. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Germany and Nuclear Weapons in the 21st Century Ulrich Kühn, 2024-03-12 This book is the first scholarly book to take a comprehensive look at Germany’s nuclear weapons policies in the 21st century. German foreign and security policy is facing a profound reorientation. Great power competition between the United States and both a revanchist Russia and a rising China, the return of war and nuclear threats to Europe, and the emergence of new technologies all force Germany to adapt. German policymakers and scholars increasingly speak of a pivotal Zeitenwende, an epochal turning point in history. How does Germany adapt its nuclear policies to these changing conditions? The volume brings together internationally renowned nuclear scholars and policy analysts from Germany and abroad. Focussing on German nuclear deterrence, arms control and disarmament as well as nonproliferation policies, the contributors assess how German leaders have navigated continuity and change, domestically and abroad. The volume concludes that Germany remains bound by dependence on the United States and its own conservatism. Within these parameters, German leaders have adapted slowly to change and continue to balance seemingly contradictory deterrence and disarmament goals. This book will be of much interest to students of nuclear proliferation, security studies, German politics and International Relations, as well as policymakers. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Routledge Handbook of the Future of Warfare Artur Gruszczak, Sebastian Kaempf, 2023-09-19 This handbook provides a comprehensive, problem-driven and dynamic overview of the future of warfare. The volatilities and uncertainties of the global security environment raise timely and important questions about the future of humanity’s oldest occupation: war. This volume addresses these questions through a collection of cutting-edge contributions by leading scholars in the field. Its overall focus is prognostic rather than futuristic, highlighting discernible trends, key developments and themes without downplaying the lessons from the past. By making the past meet the present in order to envision the future, the handbook offers a diversified outlook on the future of warfare, which will be indispensable for researchers, students and military practitioners alike. The volume is divided into six thematic sections. Section I draws out general trends in the phenomenon of war and sketches the most significant developments, from the past to the present and into the future. Section II looks at the areas and domains which actively shape the future of warfare. Section III engages with the main theories and conceptions of warfare, capturing those attributes of contemporary conflicts which will most likely persist and determine the dynamics and directions of their transformations. The fourth section addresses differentiation and complexity in the domain of warfare, pointing to those factors which will exert a strong impact on the structure and properties of that domain. Section V focuses on technology as the principal trigger of changes and alterations in the essence of warfare. The final section draws on the general trends identified in Section I and sheds light on how those trends have manifested in specific local contexts. This section zooms in on particular geographies which are seen and anticipated as hotbeds where future warfare will most likely assume its shape and reveal its true colours. This book will be of great interest to students of strategic studies, defence studies, war and technology, and International Relations. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Survival: June-July 2024 The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), 2024-06-13 Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: François Heisbourg considers how Europeans might prepare for a disrupted US security commitment if Donald Trump becomes president again – free to read Lanxin Xiang warns that the Biden administration’s democracy-versus-autocracy framework increases the risk of conflict between the United States and China Daniel Byman argues that the Gaza war will leave both Israel and Hamas worse off – free to read Hanna Notte assesses the impact of the Russia–Ukraine war on multilateral nuclear forums and on the broader nuclear order And ten more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West Editorial Assistant: Conor Hodges |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Technology Rivalry Between the USA and China Peter C.Y. Chow, 2025-02-19 This book addresses the geopolitics and geoeconomics of technological rivalry between the world’s two great powers: the USA and China. It focuses on the semiconductor industry, which, owing to its dual use in civilian and defence sectors, is critical to economic and national security interests. A diverse set of contributions from renowned scholars span wide-ranging topics to holistically analyze contemporary USA-China national security through a technological lens: the shifting trade and technology policy in the USA; the Chip-4 alliance as an industrial cartel; technology sanctions and the voice of high-tech industry in the USA; the race for digital sovereignty in the Gulf region and in Africa; Japan’s grand strategy vis-à-vis semiconductors; a critical assessment of China’s achievement on its self-sufficiency and effort in reducing its reliance on foreign supplies; the significance and the strategy of Taiwan’s semiconductor in the future, as well as how Taiwan can advance its national security through its status as a powerhouse of semiconductors; Korea’s semiconductor policy in response to international technology rivalry; India’s pursuit of semiconductors; and a close investigation of decoupling and hostility between the two great powers. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The Post-American Middle East Laurent A. Lambert, Moosa Elayah, 2023-06-17 After two decades of War on Terror, it is particularly important, for both academic and policy purposes, to clearly understand why the US formidable mobilization of means and might has transformed into a such a blatant geostrategic defeat of the US and its allies in the broad Middle East. This is all the more paradoxical that the WOT achieved a series of tactical victories – such as the toppling of hostile regimes in Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya; the crippling of the national economies of enemy states by sanctions; the successful targeted killing of lead terrorist Usama Bin Laden, ISIS cult leaders Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi and his successor, etc. So, why have these tactical victories not led to what was supposed to become, according to the US government, a ‘Greater Middle East’? With most authors being from or living in the Middle East, this book is unique as it brings perspectives and answers from the region. This is crucially important as we are entering, we argue, the era of a Post-American Middle East. Chapters 1 and 10 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com |
| 2022 national defense strategy: American Football and the American Way of War Daniel Sukman, 2024-04-10 This book provides the reader with a history on the linkages between American Football and the American Way of War. It provides concise summaries of aspects of tactics, operations, and strategy, as well as international relations theory using football as a metaphor to simplify the concepts. International relations theory and military strategy tend to be complicated subjects often explained with jargon that puts the average reader to sleep. A book about war and foreign policy explained through football analogies and comparisons is designed to liven the topic and explain various military theories, strategies, and concepts. War and football tend to dominate national media. War is often a topic of debate from the highest levels of government to local bars and coffeehouses. Football is the monolith of sports that blankets sports television and radio throughout the year. This book provides the reader an understanding of how military professionals formulate and execute strategy in an easily understandable manner. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Survival: October – November 2023 The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), 2023-10-13 Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: Nick Childs assesses the ambitions and perils of the AUKUS partnership for Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States Kimberly Marten explores how the demise of its key figures will affect future operations of the Wagner Group and similar Russian paramilitaries Steven Feldstein investigates the uses and risks of generative-AI systems From the Survival archives, the late Pierre Hassner interpreted Russia’s August 2008 attack on Georgia as signalling the emergence of a new cold war with the West Dana H. Allin reflects on the European vision advanced by members of a rapidly disappearing generation of scholars who had lived through war and sought to preserve and extend peace And eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West Editorial Assistant: Conor Hodges |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Turbulence Across the Sea Elie Baranets, Andrew R. Novo, 2024-11-07 Great Power competition is back. On the two sides of the Atlantic, however, this concept often means different things. While the United States is focused on China, Europe is preoccupied with Russia. Yet shifting American priorities toward Asia requires reconceptualizing the future role of NATO. In Europe, this shift has led to serious thought about how to achieve strategic autonomy that will allow Europe to guarantee its own security regardless of strategic choices made in Washington. As Chinese strategy focuses on dividing European actors and making them more economically dependent on Beijing, these developments may undermine Washington’s influence in Europe while limiting potential European action against Chinese interests. With a mix of research methodologies applied by scholars from both sides of the Atlantic, Turbulence Across the Sea offers a comprehensive analysis of relations among European and North American actors in the context of strategic competition among the United States, Europe, Russia, and China. In doing so, it demonstrates that a reaffirmation of transatlantic cooperation is necessary to maintain security in the face of aggressive moves by both Russia and China. By analyzing attitudes from the perspective of both the various actors (Britain, France, Germany, and the European Union) and various sectors (intelligence cooperation, foreign direct investments, technology, and the defense industry), this book provides readers with a comprehensive perspective on the challenges and opportunities in the shifting landscape of security in the twenty-first century. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Preparing for Hybrid Threats to Security Odd Jarl Borch, Tormod Heier, 2024-09-02 This book examines hybrid threats within the broader context of a security crisis in Europe. As geopolitical tensions increase and great power rivalries intensify, can states protect their communities? While conventional wars are fought, parallel battles take place by more subtle and non-violent means. This multi-disciplinary book examines how hybrid threats undermine political governance and social stability in liberal democracies, covering aggressors, targeted states and victimized communities. It seeks to address how aggressor states undermine liberal democracies under the threshold of conflict, and the role played by hybrid threats as aggressor states prepare for full-scale war. The chapters also explore how liberal democracies organize and interact to detect hybrid threats, arguing that, in order to increase resilience, politicians and government agencies must involve the private sector and citizens in threat-reduction policies. The analysis builds upon the latest research in the international crisis management literature. This book will be of interest to students of security studies, hybrid warfare, defence studies and International Relations, as well as professional practitioners. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The AI Commander James Johnson, 2024-08-09 What does AI mean for the role of humans in war? The AI Commander addresses the largely neglected question of how the fusion of machines into the war machine will affect the human condition of warfare. James Johnson emphasizes the mind - both human and machine - and the mechanisms of thought (intelligence, consciousness, emotion, memory, experience, etc.) to consider the effects of AI and autonomy on the human condition of war. Johnson investigates the vexing and misunderstood - and at times contradictory - ethical, moral, and normative implications, whether incremental, transformative, or revolutionary, of synthesizing man and machine in future algorithmic warfare - or AI-enabled centaur warfighting. At the heart of these vexing questions are whether we are inevitably moving toward a situation in which AI-enabled autonomous weapons will make strategic decisions in place of humans and thus become the owners of those decisions. Can AI-powered systems replace human commanders? And, more importantly, should they? The AI Commander argues that AI cannot be merely passive and neutral force multipliers of human cognition. Instead, they will likely become - either by conscious choice or inadvertently - strategic actors in war. AI will transform the role and nature of human warfare, but not necessarily in the ways most observers expect. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Russia, China and the West in the Post-Cold War Era Suzanne Loftus, 2023-05-22 This book analyzes international affairs in the post-Cold War era by taking a special look at identity, norms and interests and the limits of liberal normative universalism. The book assesses the causes of the deterioration of Russian – Western relations, the management of the liberal international order, the challenges liberal democracies face today, the rise of China and its consequences on global governance, and the war in Ukraine as an outcome of the dynamics described throughout the book. China and Russia represent different normative frameworks, have their own national interests, have increased their relative strength and influence and represent alternative economic and diplomatic partners for the Global South. Meanwhile, rising populist sentiment in western liberal democracies reflects important dissatisfaction with establishment policies. This research is particularly important for crafting creative solutions to the dynamic changes of the 21st century and the rise of nonwestern powers with different identities, interests and norms. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Lebanon and Turkey Robert G. Rabil, 2023-07-03 This comprehensive account of Lebanon-Turkey relations—grounded in layers of cultural, political, demographic, economic, and sectarian complexities—analyzes the dynamics that have shaped Lebanon since Ottoman rule. It underscores the lessons learned from this relationship, locating Lebanon-Turkey relations along a historical continuum. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: The Law on Nuclear Weapons William H. Boothby, Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg, 2025-05-14 This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License. It is free to read, download and share on Elgaronline.com. This book provides a uniquely clear and comprehensive statement of the law on nuclear weapons. It draws on the insight and input of a group of 15 experts from around the world and in so doing crafts an authoritative text that sets out not only the positions of a number of states but a carefully articulated guide to this complex area of law. |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment 2023 The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), 2023-06-02 The Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment examines key regional security issues relevant to the policy-focused discussions of the IISS Shangri-La Dialogue, Asia’s premier defence summit convened by the International Institute for Strategic Studies. It is published and launched at the Dialogue and the issues analysed within its covers are central to discussions at the event. Since February 2022, the war in Ukraine has provided a bleak backdrop for discussions about international security. While the war has affected many aspects of security and defence in the Asia-Pacific, the region also has its own dynamics, and important security-related developments have occurred there since the invasion. Among these, China’s ever-growing power and increasingly assertive posture remain the leading long-term challenges for the region. This tenth edition of the Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment contains an introduction and six chapters, authored by IISS experts, which investigate important dimensions of the regional security environment, supported by maps, graphs, charts and tables. Topics include: the war in Ukraine and the Asia-Pacific balance of power; strained US- China relations and the growing threat to Taiwan; Asia-Pacific naval and maritime capabilities; China’s Belt and Road Initiative; Japanese security and defence policy; and the conflict in Myanmar and the international response. Authors include leading regional analysts and academics at the forefront of research and analysis: James Crabtree, Euan Graham, Nigel Inkster, Nick Childs, Meia Nouwens, Robert Ward, Yuka Koshino, Aaron Connelly and Shona Loong |
| 2022 national defense strategy: Leadership in War and Peace Joan Johnson-Freese, 2025-03-31 This book offers a gendered perspective on leadership in war and peace, considering leadership in its complexity and presenting a practical examination of both leadership successes and failures. The work challenges readers to think through and discuss specific aspects of leadership, including how and why leadership diversity matters and the ethical challenges presented by the revolving door of the military–industrial complex. Further, leaders responsible for decisions involving war and peace must be able to understand, appreciate, and communicate effectively with everyone they work with and have a repertoire of leadership styles to use depending on context. The book represents an excellent tool for developing such skills, as it uniquely considers leadership through both male and female lenses, along with the experiences and perspectives of multiple military, government, and industry leaders interviewed by the author, making it both relatable and informative. This book will be of much interest to students of gender studies, leadership studies, defense studies, and military studies in general, as well as military and security practitioners. |
2022 National Defense Strategy, Nuclear Posture Review, …
The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) details the Department’s path forward into that decisive decade—from helping to protect the American people, to promoting global security, to …
2022 National Defense Strategy, Nuclear Posture Review, and …
The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) details the Department’s path forward into that decisive decade—from helping to protect the American people, to promoting global security, to...
Department of Defense Releases its 2022 Strategic Reviews – National ...
Oct 27, 2022 · Building a resilient Joint Force and defense ecosystem. The 2022 NDS also identifies three ways in which the Department will achieve its priorities – integrated deterrence, …
2022 National Defense Strategy
The 2022 National Defense Strategy continues to be the “North Star” for the Department. This budget request continues to be strategy driven with particular focus on China as the pacing...
The Joint Force is at an - Joint Chiefs of Staff
The 2022 NMS is the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff’s (CJCS) strategic guidance that provides the logic and framework to achieve the 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) …
The New U.S. National Defense Strategy for 2022 - CSIS
Oct 28, 2022 · The U.S. Department of Defense has just issued an unclassified National Defense Strategy for 2022. A copy of the full text is attached as a download at the end of this commentary.
Decoding the 2022 National Defense Strategy: America's Plan for ...
To navigate this complex security landscape and uphold U.S. interests, the 2022 NDS establishes four top-level defense priorities. These priorities guide the DoD’s actions, investments, and …
DoD releases the unclassified version of the 2022 National Defense Strategy
Oct 27, 2022 · Excerpts of the 2022 Nuclear Posture and Missile Defense reviews are included.
2022 National Defense Strategy, Nuclear Posture Review
Oct 27, 2022 · The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) sets forth how the U.S. military will meet growing threats to vital U.S. national security interests and to a stable and open …
2022 National Defense Strategy - U.S. Embassy & Consulates in …
The 2022 NDS sets the Department’s strategic direction and priorities for the Joint Force, identifying how the U.S. military will meet growing threats to U.S. national security interests …
2022 National Defense Strategy, Nuclear Posture Review, …
The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) details the Department’s path forward into that decisive decade—from helping to protect the American people, to promoting global security, to …
2022 National Defense Strategy, Nuclear Posture Review, and …
The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) details the Department’s path forward into that decisive decade—from helping to protect the American people, to promoting global security, to...
Department of Defense Releases its 2022 Strategic Reviews – National …
Oct 27, 2022 · Building a resilient Joint Force and defense ecosystem. The 2022 NDS also identifies three ways in which the Department will achieve its priorities – integrated deterrence, …
2022 National Defense Strategy
The 2022 National Defense Strategy continues to be the “North Star” for the Department. This budget request continues to be strategy driven with particular focus on China as the pacing...
The Joint Force is at an - Joint Chiefs of Staff
The 2022 NMS is the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff’s (CJCS) strategic guidance that provides the logic and framework to achieve the 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) …
The New U.S. National Defense Strategy for 2022 - CSIS
Oct 28, 2022 · The U.S. Department of Defense has just issued an unclassified National Defense Strategy for 2022. A copy of the full text is attached as a download at the end of this commentary.
Decoding the 2022 National Defense Strategy: America's Plan …
To navigate this complex security landscape and uphold U.S. interests, the 2022 NDS establishes four top-level defense priorities. These priorities guide the DoD’s actions, investments, and …
DoD releases the unclassified version of the 2022 National Defense Strategy
Oct 27, 2022 · Excerpts of the 2022 Nuclear Posture and Missile Defense reviews are included.
2022 National Defense Strategy, Nuclear Posture Review
Oct 27, 2022 · The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) sets forth how the U.S. military will meet growing threats to vital U.S. national security interests and to a stable and open …
2022 National Defense Strategy - U.S. Embassy & Consulates in …
The 2022 NDS sets the Department’s strategic direction and priorities for the Joint Force, identifying how the U.S. military will meet growing threats to U.S. national security interests …
