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| a brief history of time tamil version: A Brief History of India Alain Daniélou, 2003-02-11 Daniélou's powerful rebuttal to the conventional view of India's history, which calls for a massive reevaluation of the history of humanity • Explores historical occurrences from each major time period starting with the first appearance of man 30,000 years ago • Couples the clarity and perspective of an outsider with the unique and specific knowledge of an insider • By the internationally recognized Hindu scholar and translator of The Complete Kama Sutra (200,000 copies sold) Alain Daniélou approaches the history of India from a new perspective--as a sympathetic outsider, yet one who understands the deepest workings of the culture. Because the history of India covers such a long span of time, rather than try to create an exhaustive chronology of dates and events, Daniélou instead focuses on enduring institutions that remain constant despite the ephemeral historical events that occur. His selections, synthesis, and narration create a thoroughly engaging and readable journey through time, with a level of detail and comprehensiveness that is truly a marvel. Because of the continuity of its civilization, its unique social system, and the tremendous diversity of cultures, races, languages, and religions that exist in its vast territory, India is like a history museum. Its diverse groups maintained their separate identities and never fully supplanted the culture and knowledge of their predecessors. Even today one may encounter in India primitive Stone Age people whose technology has remained at what is considered prehistoric levels. Thus Daniélou's examination of India reveals not only the diversity and historical events and trends of that country, but also the history of all mankind. Through Daniélou's history of India we learn from whence we came, what we have discovered over the years in the fields of science, arts, technology, social structures, religions, and philosophical concepts, and what the future may hold for us. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Tamil Plutach Simon Casie Chitty, 1859 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Tamil Plutarch, Containing a Summary Account of the Lives of the Poets and Poetesses of Southern India and Ceylon, from the Earliest to the Present Times, with Select Specimens of Their Compositions Simon Casie Chitty, 1859 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Decentering Translation Studies Judy Wakabayashi, Rita Kothari, 2009 This book foregrounds practices and discourses of translation in several non-Western traditions. Translation Studies currently reflects the historiography and concerns of Anglo-American and European scholars, overlooking the full richness of translational activities and diverse discourses. The essays in this book, which generally have a historical slant, help push back the geographical and conceptual boundaries of the discipline. They illustrate how distinctive historical, social and philosophical contexts have shaped the ways in which translational acts are defined, performed, viewed, encouraged or suppressed in different linguistic communities. The volume has a particular focus on the multiple contexts of translation in India, but also encompasses translation in Korea, Japan and South Africa, as well as representations of Sufism in different contexts. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Language Ideologies and the Vernacular in Colonial and Postcolonial South Asia Nishat Zaidi, Hans Harder, 2023-09-29 This volume critically engages with recent formulations and debates regarding the status of the regional languages of the Indian subcontinent vis-à-vis English. It explores how language ideologies of the “vernacular” are positioned in relation to the language ideologies of English in South Asia. The book probes into how we might move beyond the English-vernacular binary in India, explores what happened to “bhasha literatures” during the colonial and post-colonial periods and how to position those literatures by the side of Indian English and international literature. It looks into the ways vernacular community and political rhetoric are intertwined with Anglophone (national or global) positionalities and their roles in political processes. This book will be of interest to researchers, students and scholars of literary and cultural studies, Indian Writing in English, Indian literatures, South Asian languages and popular culture. It will also be extremely valuable for language scholars, sociolinguists, social historians, scholars of cultural studies and those who understand the theoretical issues that concern the notion of “vernacularity”. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The History of Late Modern Englishes Keith Johnson, 2021-05-26 The History of Late Modern Englishes provides an accessible and student-friendly introduction to the history of the English language from the beginning of the eighteenth century up until the present day. Taking an activity-based approach, this text ensures that students learn by engaging with the fascinating evolution of this language rather than by simply reading about it. The History of Late Modern Englishes: • Covers the development of Englishes around the world, not only in the British Isles, but also in the United States, Canada, India, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, and Melanesia, as well as in other countries around the world where English is used as a lingua franca; • Accommodates the needs of both native and non-native speakers of English, with helpful features such as a glossary of key terms and questions to guide the reader through the book; • Includes activity sections and discussion points to help students engage with the text; • Is accompanied by e-resources which include further activities and additional coverage of points of interest in the book. Written by an experienced teacher and author, this book is an essential course textbook for any module on the history of English and the perfect accompaniment to the author’s own The History of Early English. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Oriental Historical Manuscripts in the Tamil Language , 1835 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Tamil Language for Europeans Bartholomaeus Ziegenbalg, 2010 The study by Daniel Jeyarai recovers a forgotten aspect of the Tamil cultural heritage within the ongoing Indo-European intellectual discourse from early eighteenth century. It provides an English version of the Latin-Tamil Grammar that was printed in Germany in 1716. Bartholomaus Ziegenbalg (1682-1719), a pioneer in many fields of intercultural study, compiled it with the help of other Tamil grammars written by European and Tamil scholars. It illuminates his Lutheran piety, his acquaintance with the Tamil people in Tranquebar on the Coromandel Coast in south eastern India, and his deep understanding of the colloquial form of Tamil as spoken by ordinary people. It elevates his pioneer work as a decisive translator and printer of the New Testament, Systematic Theology and Lutheran Catechism in Tamil. Additionally, this grammar helps us to gain penetrating insights into the socio-cultural, religious, and linguistic fabric of the Tamil people and the newly emerging Tamil Protestant congregation in Tranquebar. Thus, Jeyarai's survey Tamil Language for Europeans provides an excellent case study for historians, students, and practitioners of mission and ecumenism, Indologists and scholars of related Indo-European studies, and translators of intercultural texts to explore the transcontinental role of a grammar in communicating, and simultaneously preserving Tamil language, culture and memories beyond its borders. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: UP B.Ed Joint Entrance Exam (Paper 1) (English Edition) - 7 Mock Tests and 3 Previous Year Papers (1500 Solved Questions) with Free Access to Online Tests EduGorilla Prep Experts, |
| a brief history of time tamil version: A Brief History of India Judith E. Walsh, 2006 With nearly 1 billion citizens, India is the second most populous nation in the world. Its conflict with Pakistan over Kashmir and tensions between the many ethnic groups that populate India today find frequent mention in Weste. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: A Grammar of the High Dialect of the Tamil Language, Termed Shen-Tamil Costantino Giuseppe Beschi, 1822 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: SSC General Awareness : Topic-wise (PYQ) Book (English Edition) - 18 Topic-wise Solved Tests with Free Access to Online Tests EduGorilla Prep Experts, |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Tamil Characters A. R. Venkatachalapathy, 2024-07-30 A cultural and political history of Tamilnadu through its most colourful personalities. The fascinating history of Tamilnadu comes alive in this archive of cultural and political knowledge, thoughtfully assembled by the prize-winning historian A. R. Venkatachalapathy. From glamorous film stars turned politicians such as Jayalalithaa and M. G. Ramachandran to a revolutionary anti-caste movement that began over a century ago and the ongoing struggle against Hindi hegemony, Tamilnadu has at once reshaped the mainstream and profoundly influenced the trajectory of the nation. As informative as it is entertaining, Tamil Characters is an essential deep dive into the modern history of India’s most idiosyncratic state. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Tamil David Shulman, 2016-09-26 Spoken by eighty million people, Tamil is one of the great world languages, and one of the few ancient languages that survives as a mother tongue. David Shulman presents a comprehensive cultural history of Tamil, emphasizing how its speakers and poets have understood the unique features of their language over its long history. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Proto-Indo-European Language Alvaro Hans, 2017-11-28 The Indo-European (IE) is the largest among the family of languages in the world, with 445 languages spoken by around 46% of the global population. Linguists have been looking for the mother of IE family, fondly called Proto-Indo-European (PIE) language but their decades of search have not revealed the face of PIE till now. What others have been missing so far, the author of this book Alvaro Hans has found out—by walking side-wards, jumping walls and looking for ‘her’, in unusual places. This book is all about that exciting journey and a deciding destination. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Dynamics of Tamil Nadu Politics in Sri Lankan Ethnicity G. Palanithurai, K. Mohanasundaram, 1993 Tamil Nadu has been playing its legitimate role in the inter-government relationship on the Tamil issues. The magnitude of the state politics in the problems of Sri Lankan Tamils has reached its Zenith during the past one decade as a result of the eruption of ethnic violence in Sri Lanka. Since Tamil Polity has been fully dominated by ethnic political parts, each one has been trying its level best to project itself as the Vanguard of Tamil Nationalism. This book traces the approaches of the political parties and especially ethnic political parties towards the Sri Lankan Tamil issues. It also analyses to what extent the pressure extended by the ethnic political parties has been taken into account in foreign policy making of Indian Government during different periods. Significantly this work touches a very important aspect that to what extent the support extended by the political parties to help themselves to establish firm roots in provincial polity. This study sheds light on the ambiguous stand of the political parties in Tamil Nadu over this issue which ultimately has weakened the cause of the Tamils and mislead the Indian Government which adopted a tough stand without heeding to the plea of the majority of the Sri Lankan Tamils. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: A Grammar of the Tamil Language, with an Appendix Charles Theophilus Ewald Rhenius, 1853 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: A Grammar of the Tamil Language Charles Theophilus Ewald Rhenius, 1836 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Jainism and Tamil Mayilai Seeni Venkatasamy, 2025-05-06 Jainism has a long history in the Tamil country. The Jains had a significant role in the formation of the Tamil script, including their great literary contribution. Despite this, most people were unaware of the presence of Tamil Jains and their connection to Tamil history. Many assumed, for instance, that Jainism and Buddhism were one and the same. To allay this confusion and ignorance, Mayilai Seeni Venkatasamy published Samanamum Tamilum (Jainism and Tamil) in 1954. The book is one of the earliest accounts introducing and explicating Jain philosophy, ethics, and doctrine to the modern Tamil reader. It traces Jainism’s arrival to the Tamil region, its growth, and its eventual fall with the concurrent emergence of the Bhakti movement. It talks of the persecution of Jains and their forced conversions to the Hindu faith, and Hinduism’s appropriations of Jain myths, festivals, and doctrines. Drawing from a variety of sources, including literature, inscription, sculpture, and temple architecture that has survived, perished, or metamorphosed into Hindu shrines, Venkatasamy resurrects the lost and largely forgotten Jain past of the Tamil country. This English translation makes the work available to a global readership, inviting new perspectives on this two-thousand-year-old literary, cultural, and religious tradition, and its people. It hopes to inspire similar interrogations into various regional iterations of Jainism from other parts of the subcontinent, shedding light on how Jainism - or any religion, for that matter - gets localized and develops distinctive idioms in different socio-cultural landscapes. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Tamil Veda John Carman, Vasudha Narayanan, 1989-05-16 In this multifaceted work, John Carman and Vasudha Narayanan clarify historical developments in South Asian religion and make important contributions to the methodology of textual interpretation and the comparative study of world religions. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Lost Land of Lemuria Sumathi Ramaswamy, 2004-09-27 During the nineteenth century, Lemuria was imagined as a land that once bridged India and Africa but disappeared into the ocean millennia ago, much like Atlantis. A sustained meditation on a lost place from a lost time, this elegantly written book is the first to explore Lemuria’s incarnations across cultures, from Victorian-era science to Euro-American occultism to colonial and postcolonial India. The Lost Land of Lemuria widens into a provocative exploration of the poetics and politics of loss to consider how this sentiment manifests itself in a fascination with vanished homelands, hidden civilizations, and forgotten peoples. More than a consideration of nostalgia, it shows how ideas once entertained but later discarded in the metropole can travel to the periphery—and can be appropriated by those seeking to construct a meaningful world within the disenchantment of modernity. Sumathi Ramaswamy ultimately reveals how loss itself has become a condition of modernity, compelling us to rethink the politics of imagination and creativity in our day. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Journal of Education , 1893 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: A Grammar of the Malayalam Language in Historical Treatment Mikhail Sergeevich Andronov, 1996 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Negotiating Linguistic Plurality María Constanza Guzmán, Şehnaz Tahir Gürçağlar, 2022-02-15 Cultural and linguistic diversity and plurality are seen as markers of our time, linked to discourses about citizenship and cosmopolitanism in the context of economic globalization in the late twentieth century. It is often monolingualism, however, that informs understanding and policies regulating the relationship between languages, nations, and communities. Grounded by the idea of language as lived experience, Negotiating Linguistic Plurality assumes linguistic plurality to be a continuing human condition and offers a novel transnational and comparative perspective on it. The essays featured cover concepts and praxis in which linguistic plurality surfaces in the public sphere through institutional and individual practices. The collection adopts a critical view of language policies and foregrounds distances and dissonances between policy and language practices by presenting lived experiences of multilingualism. Translation, seen as constitutive to the relations inherent to linguistic plurality, is at the core of the volume. Contributors explore a range of social and institutional aspects of the relationship between translation and linguistic plurality, foregrounding less documented experiences and minoritized practices. Presenting knowledge that spans regions, languages, and territories, Negotiating Linguistic Plurality is a thoughtful consideration of what constitutes language plurality: what its limits are, as well as its possibilities. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Tamil Cinema Selvaraj Velayutham, 2008-04-03 This book examines Tamil cinema, which has recently overtaken Bollywood in terms of annual output, outlining its history and distinctive characteristics, and proceeds to consider a number of important themes such as gender, religion, class, caste, fandom, cinematic genre, the politics of identity and diaspora. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Christian Budget and News of the Day , 1895 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature K.V. Zvelebil, 2021-12-06 There is a number of problems connected with the study and teaching of any Oriental literature in general and of Tamil literature specifically which have to date been mostly ignored, although they are indispensable for solid knowledge and correct interpretation and understanding of the literature in question. These include problems of authenticity and authorship, of transmission and tradition, writing tools and materials, of relationship of orality to literacy, of Sanskrit to Tamil, the prehistory of Tamil written literature, the numerous texts that have been lost, scholarly lineages and the rediscovery of ancient Tamil literature etc. The book deals with all these problems as well as with some specific Tamil cultural phenomena such as the concept of threefold Tamil or the relationship of literature ('marked') to grammar ('marker'), with the derivation of the term Tamil and with the history of Tamil literary historiography. It will be indispensable as an introduction to the study of the more than 2000 years of Tamil literary history. By addressing questions which have thus far been almost completely neglected, it has also decisive impact on the interpretative comprehension of Tamil literature and on the teaching of this very rich heritage of verbal art. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: A Grammar of the High Dialect of the Tamil Language, Termed Shen-Tamil: to which is Added, an Introduction to Tamil Poetry Constant Joseph Beschi, 1822 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Nāladiyār or Four hundred quatrains in Tamil George Uglow Pope, 1893 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Transformation of Tamil Religion Srilata Raman, 2022-04-26 This book analyses the religious ideology of a Tamil reformer and saint, Ramalinga Swamigal of the 19th century and his posthumous reception in the Tamil country and sheds light on the transformation of Tamil religion that both his works and the understanding of him brought about. The book traces the hagiographical and biographical process by which Ramalinga Swamigal is shifted from being considered an exemplary poet-saint of the Tamil Śaivite bhakti tradition to a Dravidian nationalist social reformer. Taking as a starting point Ramalinga’s own writing, the book presents him as inhabiting a border zone between early modernity and modernity, between Hinduism and Christianity, between colonialism and regional nationalism, highlighting the influence of his teachings on politics, particularly within Dravidian cultural and political nationalism. Simultaneously, the book considers the implication of such an hagiographical process for the transformation of Tamil religion in the period between the 19th –mid-20th centuries. The author demonstrates that Ramalinga Swamigal’s ideology of compassion, cīvakāruṇyam, had not only a long genealogy in pre-modern Tamil Śaivism but also that it functioned as a potentially emancipatory ethics of salvation and caste critique not just for him but also for other Tamil and Dalit intellectuals of the 19th century. This book is a path-breaking study that also traces the common grounds between the religious visions of two of the most prominent subaltern figures of Tamil modernity – Iyothee Thass and Ramalingar. It argues that these transformations are one meaningful way for a religious tradition to cope with and come to terms with the implications of historicization and the demands of colonial modernity. It is, therefore, a valuable contribution to the field of religion, South Asian history and literature and Subaltern studies. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781315794518 has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Scenes from Tamil Classics Sellathamby Sriskandarajah, 2010-01-04 Scenes from Tamil Classics is a book about Tamil poetry. Tamil is one of the very few living classical languages of the world and has a rich and copious literary, musical and religious tradition. This book is primarily intended for expatriate Tamils, particularly to the children of Tamil immigrants in Europe, Australia and North America who are in danger of becoming increasingly alienated from their cultural roots. The intention of the book is to create an awareness and a sense of belonging among those expatriate children who are caught up in an uncomfortable tension between the culture of their own family and ethnic community and the culture of the wider society around them. This book is an attempt to give a taste of Tamil literature through the medium of English. In the selected extracts, the author paints in the details of the story or the situation which the poet has left unsaid, and draws out the inferences and allusions lying implicit in the poem. He thus brings the scene to life, and prevents the eye of the reader from passing too swiftly and superficially over the text. Instead, he stimulates the reader to reflect on the action and the feelings expressed, and enables him or her to appreciate more fully the artistry of the poem. In addition to extracts from ancient and medieval Tamil classics, Scenes from Tamil Classics provides a wide-ranging survey of Tamil literature. This is a fresh and original book which leads the reader into a world which is many centuries and thousands of miles distant from our own. Beyond the particular readership mentioned above, there is much in these pages to give delight to anyone with an interest in literature and in the human condition. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Protestant Origins in India D. Dennis Hudson, 2020-11-25 Protestant Christianity was established as a religion of India when in 1706 missionaries from the the German Evangelical Church sponsored by the King of Denmark landed at the Danish factory in Tamil-speaking Tranquebar. An indigenous congregation soon developed, with worship and catechising in Tamil and Portuguese. This book explores the manner in which people of various castes and of various religions responded to the Lutheran mission and congregation. It investigates the manner in which Tamils themselves understood the Evangelical religion as they spread it beyond Tranquebar. It then turns to the early career of Vedanayagam Sastri (1774-1864). He responded vigorously to efforts by 'new missionaries' to change the language, liturgy, and social custom that had guided Tamil Protestants for over a century. His actions and writings reveal an indigenous form of faith, and a 'theology of pluralism', that countered the Reformed and Enlightenment ideas about Christian life that the 'new missionaries' expressed and sought to enforce. Reflections on the intellectual impact of colonial Europe on those early Protestant Christians of India conclude the study. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The London Review , 1862 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Encyclopedia of the Sri Lankan Diaspora Peter Reeves, 2013 Well over a million people of Sri Lankan origin live outside South Asia. The Encyclopedia of the Sri Lanka Diaspora is the first comprehensive study of the lives, culture, beliefs and attitudes of immigrants and refugees from this island. The volume is a joint publication between the Institute of South Asian Studies, NUS, and Editions Didier Millet. It focuses on the relationship between culture and economy in the Sri Lanka diaspora in the context of globalisation, increased transnational culture flows and new communication technologies. In addition to the geographic mapping of the Sri Lanka diaspora in the various continents, thematic chapters include topics on “long distance nationalism”, citizenship, Sinhala, Tamil and Burgher disapora identities, religion and the spread of Buddhism, as well as the Sri Lankan cultural impact on other nations. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: A Concise History of Missions Edwin Munsell Bliss, 1897 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Educational Times , 1893 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Reports and Letters Connected with Special Meetings of the Mahratta and Tamil Missions ... American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, 1855 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: The Educational Times, and Journal of the College of Preceptors , 1893 |
| a brief history of time tamil version: World Terrorism: An Encyclopedia of Political Violence from Ancient Times to the Post-9/11 Era James Ciment, 2015-03-10 First Published in 2015. This collection holds three volumes. Terrorism is a term that defies easy definition and its meaning has also changed over the course of history. Because this encyclopedia aims at comprehensiveness —across time, geography, and the conceptual landscape —it applies the broadest definition of terrorism: the use of violence or the threat of violence to effect political change through fear, in which the victims of the violence. The encyclopedia is divided into six parts. |
| a brief history of time tamil version: Writing Tamil Catholicism Margherita Trento, 2022-05-02 In Writing Tamil Catholicism: Literature, Persuasion and Devotion in the Eighteenth Century, Margherita Trento explores the process by which the Jesuit missionary Costanzo Giuseppe Beschi (1680-1747), in collaboration with a group of local lay elites identified by their profession as catechists, chose Tamil poetry as the social and political language of Catholicism in eighteenth-century South India. Trento analyzes a corpus of Tamil grammars and poems, chiefly Beschi’s Tēmpāvaṇi, alongside archival documents to show how, by presenting themselves as poets and intellectuals, Catholic elites gained a persuasive voice as well as entrance into the learned society of the Tamil country and its networks of patronage. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 840879. |
BRIEF Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of BRIEF is short in duration, extent, or length. How to use brief in a sentence.
BRIEF | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
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1 day ago · While searching our database we found 1 possible solution for the: Brief scrap crossword clue. This crossword clue was last seen on June 15 2025 LA Times Crossword …
Brief - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com
Something brief is short and to the point. If you make a brief visit, you don't stay long. If you make a brief statement, you use few words. If you wear brief shorts, you are showing a little too …
Brief - definition of brief by The Free Dictionary
1. short in duration: a brief holiday. 2. short in length or extent; scanty: a brief bikini. 3. abrupt in manner; brusque: the professor was brief with me this morning. 4. terse or concise; containing …
BRIEF definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
A brief speech or piece of writing does not contain too many words or details. In a brief statement, he concentrated entirely on international affairs. Write a very brief description of a typical …
brief adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and ...
Definition of brief adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Brief vs. Debrief – What’s the Difference? - Writing Explained
As a noun, brief means a summary or short statement. “Did everyone read the brief I sent out via email?” asked the manager. As a verb , brief means to prepare someone by informing him or …
What does brief mean? - Definitions.net
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brief - definition and meaning - Wordnik
Apr 8, 2014 · adjective Short in time, duration, length, or extent. adjective Succinct; concise. adjective Curt; abrupt. noun A short, succinct statement. noun A condensation or an abstract …
BRIEF Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of BRIEF is short in duration, extent, or length. How to use brief in a sentence.
BRIEF | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
BRIEF definition: 1. lasting only a short time or containing few words: 2. used to express how quickly time goes…. …
Brief scrap crossword clue - LATSolver.com
1 day ago · While searching our database we found 1 possible solution for the: Brief scrap crossword clue. This crossword clue was last seen on June 15 2025 LA Times Crossword puzzle. …
Brief - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com
Something brief is short and to the point. If you make a brief visit, you don't stay long. If you make a brief statement, you use few words. If you wear brief shorts, you are showing a …
Brief - definition of brief by The Free Dictionary
1. short in duration: a brief holiday. 2. short in length or extent; scanty: a brief bikini. 3. abrupt in manner; brusque: the professor was brief with me this morning. 4. terse or concise; …
