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| 1950s bmw coupe: The Complete Book of BMW Tony Lewin, The Complete Book of BMW is a master work. The word 'definitive' is a bold claim but this book should be viewed in this light. It is the most comprehensive survey of BMW Group models from the 501 right up to this year's 1 and 6 Series published in the English language. Data tables covering specifications, production volumes and prices will be invaluable to the BMW enthusiast and the layout and production volumes are second to none. Tony Lewin deserves high praise for this outstanding book. - Chris Willows, Corporate Communications Director, BMW Great Britain BMW is the most remarkable phenomenon to hit the auto industry in a generation. Celebrated for its luxury sports cars, motorcycles and aero engines in the pre-war era, it squandered its glamorous heritage in the 1950s; on its knees and near-bankrupt, it was rejected as a lost cause when offered by desperate banks to Mercedes-Benz. But thanks to a wealthy German aristocrat, a brilliant engineer and a young and inspirational manager, Mercedes would soon regret not having scooped up the once-glorious firm: pioneering the concept of the compact, high-quality sports saloon, the visionary new team systematically built BMW into the spectacular success we know today. Through the most expressive medium of all - the cars themselves - The Complete Book of BMW tells the story of one of the most remarkable turnarounds of the century. From the iconic 2002tii of the 1960s through the mighty M3 of the 1990s to today's born-again MINI and the crowning glory of the Rolls-Royce Phantom.- Every model since 1962- Technical specifications and performance data- Production and sales data- Key decisions that made BMW great- Von Kuenheim's brilliant template- Taking technology leadership- 1,600 color photographs- The new focus: premium at every levelAbout the AuthorTony Lewin is an automotive writer and commentator specializing in the business and design sides of the auto industry. He has reported on the automobile sector for more than two decades as editor of industry publications such as What Car?, Financial Times Automotive World and World Automotive Manufacturing, and as a regular columnist in magazines and newspapers in Europe, Japan and the United States.General AudienceThe Complete Book of BMW tells the remarkable story of the company and its cars. From the luxury sports cars and motorcycles of the pre-war era through its rebirth at the hands of a wealthy German aristocrat, a brilliant engineer, and an inspired manager during the past two decades, the book uses the most expressive medium of all-the cars themselves-to illustrate the story of one of the most remarkable turnarounds in automotive history. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: BMW Cars 1945 to 2013 Trevor Alder, 2025-07-15 A comprehensive pictorial history of BMW cars covering the post-war models right through to 2013 when electric and hybrid models started to make an appearance. The detailed text covers all model ranges, and includes full specs, colour variations and styling details. Illustrations include period photographs, advertising brochures, and original drawings. Complementing the historical content are technical specifications, ongoing production changes, and build figures, making this the ideal reference work for model identification and authenticity. Appendices cover model designations, motorsport achievements and TV/movie appearances. This title is a bookshelf-must for anyone interested in BMW motoring heritage. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: The BMW Century, 2nd Edition Tony Lewin, 2022-07-19 The BMW Century details more than one hundred years of BMW from its historic aviation roots to today’s trend-setting cars and motorcycles. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: The BMW Century Tony Lewin, Tom Purves, 2016-09-30 Relive the first one hundred years of Germany's best two- and four-wheeled rides. Established in 1916, BMW is one of the auto and motorcycle industry's oldest and most-respected car and motorcycle manufacturers. Over the past century, the company went through myriad developments. The BMW Century chronicles this remarkable transportation company through images of the cars and motorcycles it manufactured, from the 1923 R32 motorcycle to sleek electric cars of today. This handsome volume is filled with images, history, and in-depth looks at the incredible machines BMW created year after year. The BMW Century showcases how the company's new visionary team systematically rebuilt BMW in the post-World War II years into the spectacular success we know today - that is, a company with sales projected to be upwards of two million cars annually by 2016, led by its 3-series, the best-selling luxury-performance car in the world. BMW's motorcycle division is no less legendary. It began with the 1923 avant-garde R32, which featured a 180-degree, horizontally opposed twin, the engine configuration that would become BMW's hallmark. Along the way, BMW would use that configuration to power groundbreaking machines like the R90S, R100RS, and R80GS. Beginning in 1983, they would add three- and four-cylinder machines to their offerings, culminating in today's spectacular S1000RR sport bike. From the pre-war motorcycles to the iconic R-series twins of the 1970s and 80s to the mighty M-series cars and superbikes of today, The BMW Century offers a full review of German engineering at its finest. The book is illustrated with hundreds of historic, contemporary, and racing photographs - many sourced from BMW's archives - and detailed text relating the BMW's full history. This is the one volume no BMW aficionado can be without. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Vintage American Road Racing Cars 1950-1969 Harold Pace Mark R. Brinker, |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Northeast American Sports Car Races 1950-1959 Terry O'Neil, 2022-02-02 This book focuses on the different aspects that contributed to the development of Northeast American sports car racing during the 1950s. The evolution from amateur drivers racing on public roads in 1950, to both professional and amateur drivers racing at private, purpose-built tracks in 1959, demanded huge leaps of faith, trust and understanding. The transition was neither easy nor uneventful for drivers, clubs or track owners, and the tragedy, politics and intrigue that came to characterise the period are covered here in fascinating detail. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: BMW Cars Martin Buckley, 2001 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: European Car , 2005 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: BMW Z Cars Jackie Jouret, 2021-05-06 History of BMW's roadsters and their coupe derivatives, from the 1930 Wartburg to the current G29 Z4 and i8 Roadster. Includes extensive development detail about Z1, Z3, Z4, and i8 roadsters, as well as BMW's roadster and coupe concept cars, race cars, and Art Cars. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: BMW Buyer's Guide Fred Larimer, 2002 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Classic Car DK, 2023-04-11 From the Chevrolet Bel Air to the Ferrari Testarossa, this stunning book showcases the most iconic and important classic cars from every decade since the 1940s. Few things ignite such reverence as a classic car. With more than 250 iconic models from the 1940s to the early 1990s, photographed from every angle, this title is a glorious celebration of the stars in the classic car firmament. Classic Car brings you the story of more than 20 great marques, including household names Bentley, Mercedes, Ferrari, Cadillac and Aston Martin. Its lavish photography reveals every detail in close-up of models that range from the 1940s giant two-ton Daimler DE36, which ferried royals about in style, through to sleek Ferraris from the 1980s capable of smashing the 200mph barrier. It puts you in the driving seat of such icons as the Chevrolet Corvette, the Ford Thunderbird, and the Mercedes 300SL, and brings you the designers of these amazing machines and the story of their manufacturers. This ultimate guide to classic cars further features: - A comprehensive catalog that draw out the key features of each important model, with detailed profiles and specification. - Feature pages broaden the scope of the book, covering everything from the designers and manufacturers who created them to their evolution over the decades. - Stunningly shot DPS images add an extra layer of color and flavor to the book. - Written by award-winning author and expert on all aspects of motoring, Giles Chapman, Editor-in-Chief of DK's The Car Book, which has sold over 550,000 copies worldwide to date. Updates will include the key models that have grown in popularity since the last edition. Whether you dream of owning one of these super-cool cars, or you are a collector already, Classic Car is set to become a treasured favorite. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: 911 Vampire Caleb James, 2022-03-22 Vampire succubus Godfrey has always pursued love, but yielding to his feelings for his EMT partner, Trevor, wouldn’t be right. Instead he feeds on sexual energy and investigates a drug ring. But even a vampire can’t ignore his feelings forever. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Porsche 356 Gordon Maltby, 2023-04-11 Porsche’s first car, the 356, entered the market in 1948 and celebrates its 75th anniversary in 2023. Porsche 356: 75th Anniversary celebrates this iconic sports car that launched one of the greatest brands in automotive history. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: The Autocar , 1952 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: The Bulb Horn , 1979 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Car DK, 2022-05-31 Whether you're a vintage car spotter or an armchair petrolhead, strap yourself in for an unforgettable ride through motoring history. This sumptuously designed visual e-guide includes everything you could ever want to know about cars through the ages, from the earliest horseless carriage to the modern supercar and Formula 1. Inside the pages of this visually stunning car encyclopedia, you'll discover an iconic celebration of automotive design and motoring history. - Trace the history of the car decade-by-decade in stunning visual detail - In-depth profiles highlight the most important cars of each period along with their specifications and special features - Includes beautifully photographed virtual tours that showcase particularly celebrated cars such as the Ferrari F40 and the Rolls Royce Silver Ghost - Tells the story of the people and companies that created sports cars like Porsche and Lamborghini Take a trip through decades of automotive history See the fastest, biggest, most luxurious, most innovative, and downright sexiest motorized vehicles come to life in the most spectacular way! Packed with stunning photography and featuring more than 2000 cars, Car shows you how the finest cars from every corner of the globe have evolved over the last 130 years. Lavishly illustrated feature spreads reveal the stories behind the car world's most famous marques and models, the geniuses who designed them, and the companies and factories who built them. It's the ultimate gift for men or anyone interested in cars, motoring, and motor racing. This new edition has been updated to include hybrid and electric cars, as well as the cars of today and tomorrow. Want to learn more about machines? There's more to discover in this epic series from DK Books! Take an action-packed flight through the history of air travel in Aircraft. Stay on the right track and step off at the most important and incredible rail routes from all over the world in Train. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: The Gold Book , 1990 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Motor , 1952 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Complete Book of Collectible Cars Richard M. Langworth, 1994 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: The Secret of BMW’s Success: A Journey Through History, Innovation, and Philosophy Azahari Bin Abd.Ghani, Title: Secrets of BMW's Success: Precision, Reinvention, and Resilience Author: Azahari Bin Abd. Ghani Description: For over a century, BMW has captivated the world with its innovative designs, unparalleled engineering, and relentless pursuit of excellence. But what lies behind its iconic brand? How did this Bavarian manufacturer rise from humble beginnings to become a global powerhouse, navigating wars, economic upheavals, and seismic shifts in technology along the way? Secrets of BMW's Success takes you on a fascinating journey through the history, philosophy, and vision of one of the world’s most revered automotive companies. From its early days crafting aircraft engines to redefining luxury with its electric and autonomous vehicles, BMW's story is one of resilience, reinvention, and an unwavering commitment to precision. In this book, you will discover: The origins of BMW and the visionary founders who built it. How the company reinvented itself after World War II with the quirky Isetta and the groundbreaking Neue Klasse sedans. The rise of BMW’s Motorsport division and its high-performance “M” cars. The cultural impact of the iconic “Ultimate Driving Machine” campaign. BMW’s bold foray into electric and hybrid mobility with the i3 and i8. How the company is balancing tradition and innovation in an era of AI, sustainability, and autonomous driving. Blending historical anecdotes, philosophical reflections, and practical lessons, Secrets of BMW's Success is more than just a business story—it’s an inspiration for anyone navigating their own road to excellence. Take the wheel on your own journey to success. Whether you’re a car enthusiast, a business leader, or someone seeking motivation to pursue your dreams, this book will leave you with a deeper appreciation of BMW’s legacy and a renewed sense of purpose. Buy now to discover what drives BMW—and uncover the secrets to driving your own success. Perfect for fans of automotive history, business strategy, and personal growth. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Automotive Engineering International , 2005 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: The New Domestic Automakers in the United States and Canada A. J. Jacobs, 2015-12-16 Over the past forty years, state/provincial and local governments in the United States and Canada have provided foreign automakers with approximately $4.80 billion in incentives in order to lure light vehicles assembly plants to their areas. This has included tax abatements, infrastructure construction, land giveaways, job training programs, and other subsidies. As of early 2015, ten foreign vehicle makers operated 20 light vehicles in developed North America. Despite the fact that all ten of these automakers have pursued a similar pattern—first exporting vehicles into the United States and Canada before launching vehicle plants in developed North America—each has followed its own specific historical development path and has created its own unique growth trajectory.This book provides a unique historical and qualitative review of these ten vehicle makers, from their early beginnings to their export entry into the United States and/or Canada through early 2015. In addition, it chronicles the histories of more than a dozen former automakers and potential future foreign light motor vehicle assembly plants in the United States and Canada. This includes the first foreign automaker to build its cars in the United States, De Dion-Bouton of France in July 1900, the early 20th Century endeavors of Fiat, Mercedes, and Rolls Royce, and the present day hopes of Chinese and Indian automakers. In the process, the text also provides an assessment of the top competing states and sites for any future plants, the possible incentives packages governments may offer to attract such facilities, and an estimated incentive value for each automaker. Overall, the goal of this book is to expand the knowledge of policymakers at all tiers of government in the United States and Canada and to help them take a more holistic look at the pros and cons of attracting Automobile Manufacturing FDI. It is hoped that this will enable them to make more informed decisions when pursuing a new foreign motor vehicle assembly plant. Its findings should also prove informative to urban and regional planning, political science, sociology, economics, labor, and international development scholars and students in North America and worldwide. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: BMW Paul W. Cockerham, 1998-11 The German Bavarian Motor Works has been manufacturing preeminent automobiles for more than three-quarters of a century. The fascinating and turbulent history of the BMW family unfolds in this magnificent volume, illustrated with over 90 full-color photographs by noted automotive photographer Klaus Schnitzer. With graphic text and powerful images, this book presents the long line of cars that have created BMW's reputation for clean design, quality engineering, ergonomics, and lively performance. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: WALNECK'S CLASSIC CYCLE TRADER, APRIL 1994 Causey Enterprises, LLC, |
| 1950s bmw coupe: O'Brien's Collecting Toys Karen O'Brien, 2003-11-15 Now, it's its 9th edition, O'Brien's Collecting Toys has become a necessary for any toy collector. This comprehensive price guide includes everything from turn-of-the-century mechanical banks to PEX dispensers. With three grades of pricing for nearly every category, O'Brien's Collecting Toys will prove to be an indispensable tool in your pricing needs. &break;&break;Included are: &break;&break;Action figures &break;Aircraft &break;Animal-Drawn Vehicles &break;Banks &break;Battery-Operated Toys &break;BB Guns &break;Comic Characters &break;Erector Sets &break;Figural Kits &break;Guns &break;Japanese Tin &break;Premiums &break;PEZ &break;Plastic Dollhouse Furniture &break;Ships &break;Tin Dollhouses &break;Tin Wind-ups &break;Trains &break;Vehicles &break;Yo-Yos &break;And much more |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Enthusia Professional Racing Doug Walsh, 2005 BradyGames' Enthusia Professional Racing Official Strategy Guide includes the following: TOP-NOTCH RACINGSCHOOL - We teach you winning driving techniques--take the fastest line through every turn! Learn the ins and outs of car settings, drivetrain configurations, and the Visual Gravity System! ALL 211 CARS - Kick the tires of every car in the game, from street-legal runabouts to full-on Le Mans champions! Our Showroom gives your comprehensive specs for every vehicle! COMPLETE COURSE DIRECTORY - We diagram every track, complete with racing lines, acceleration and braking points, and expert commentary to lead you through the most challenging stretches! EVERY GAME MODE - Maximize your Enthu Points and reach #1 Rank in Enthusia Life! Ace every Driving Revolution Challenge with our course and checkpoint analysis! Scour Free Racing & Time Attack to unlock every car and open every track! PLUS FACINATING MANUFACTURER PROFILES, COMPLTE WEIGHT REDUCTION STATS, AND MORE! Platform: PlayStation 2 Genre: Sports This product is available for sale in North America only. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Deer Rifles and Cartridges Wayne van Zwoll, 2012-06-20 In this handy reference manual, renowned firearms expert Dr. Wayne van Zwoll covers all aspects of deer rifles and their loads and bullets. From the proper action and caliber, to hunting bucks in big woods or open terrain, Dr. van Zwoll covers it all. Reference charts include detailed information on the various lightweight, long-range, and lever rifles, and the recommended loads for each. Van Zwoll also offers excellent advice and information on choosing and sighting in deer scopes and sights, and shares expert tips on marksmanship. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: WALNECK'S CLASSIC CYCLE TRADER, JUNE 1995 Causey Enterprises, LLC, |
| 1950s bmw coupe: N.A.D.A Official Used Car Guide , 1974 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: WALNECK'S CLASSIC CYCLE TRADER, OCTOBER 1995 Causey Enterprises, LLC, |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Motor Sport William Boddy, 1970 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: WALNECK'S CLASSIC CYCLE TRADER, FEBRUARY 1995 Causey Enterprises, LLC, |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Junkyard Roland Löwisch, 2020-05-12 Junkyard offers the only known photographic documentation of car collector Rudi Klein’s famed stockpile of distraught—but rare and valuable—vehicles from Porsche, Mercedes-Benz, Ferrari, Aston Martin, Maserati, and more. In 1967, Rudi Klein began quietly buying up wrecked, damaged, and worn-out high-end European cars under the business moniker “Foreign Auto Wrecking.” Over time, he amassed a stunning collection of treasures. Among the stash is a one-of-one 1935 Mercedes-Benz 500K built for pre-war Mercedes racer Rudolf Caracciola. No one is precisely sure what other prizes rest behind the yard’s not-open-to-the-public gates. Some 20 years ago, and after much negotiation, photographer Dieter Rebmann and author Roland Lowisch were permitted rare entrée to the salvage yard’s grounds to document its residents.This record of Klein’s collection is nothing short of amazing for any classic and collector car enthusiast. Sadly, Rudi passed away in 2001, but the collection remains under the care of his sons, who operate it as elusively as their father, maintaining its decades-long air of mystery and desirability. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Standard Catalog of Imported Cars, 1946-1990 James M. Flammang, 1992 This book provides a wealth of detailed information that collectors, investors, and restorers of imported cars will not find in any other book. This massive volume spans the marques of imported vehicles. The list includes such familiar names as Alfa Romeo, Aston Martin, Bentley, Citroen, Jaguar, Lamborghini, Porsche, Rolls-Royce, Saab, and Volkswagon. Also in these pages, you'll find details on such lesser-known yet no less intriguing marques as Abarth, DAF, Frazer Nash, Humber, Iso, Nardi, Panhard, Peerless, Sabra and Skoda. The book also highlights model changes and corporate histories and provides value information on the most popular models of imported cars. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: WALNECK'S CLASSIC CYCLE TRADER, APRIL 1995 Causey Enterprises, LLC, |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Hot Wheels Cars Mac Ragan, 2001 Marvelous, extreme close-up photography provides a child's-eye view of 33 years of Hot Wheels. Features a foreword by Jay Leno. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: WALNECK'S CLASSIC CYCLE TRADER, , NOVEMBER 2009 Causey Enterprises, LLC, |
| 1950s bmw coupe: My Last Kiss Bethany Neal, 2014-06-10 What if your last kiss was with the wrong boy?In Bethany Neal's My Last Kiss, Cassidy Haines remembers her first kiss vividly. It was on the old covered bridge the summer before her freshman year with her boyfriend of three years, Ethan Keys. But her last kiss—the one she shared with someone at her seventeenth birthday party the night she died—is a blur. Now, Cassidy is trapped in the living world, not only mourning the loss of her human body, but left with the grim suspicion that her untimely death wasn't a suicide as everyone assumes. She can't remember anything from the weeks leading up to her birthday and she's worried that she may have betrayed her boyfriend. If Cassidy is to uncover the truth about that fateful night and make amends with the only boy she'll ever love, she must face her past and all the decisions she made—good and bad—that led to her last kiss. |
| 1950s bmw coupe: Old Car Value Guide , 1970 |
| 1950s bmw coupe: The BMW 5 Series and X5 Marc Cranswick, 2014-01-10 BMW is a company associated with motoring firsts. The very idea of a sports sedan was merely a novelty until BMW introduced the 5 series in 1972. As BMW's middle child, the 5 series has drawn features from the company's smallest and largest models, establishing a reputation for performance and practicality through multiple generations. This book covers the history of the 5 series midsize sedan and the related X5 SUV from September 1972 to the e60's major makeover for 2008 and the development of the e70 X5. Specific mechanical, electronic and cosmetic changes are described, including the time of and reasons for their introduction. Several aspects of BMW's corporate history and technically related models such as the 6-series are also described, as are aftermarket modifications by Alpina, Hartge, and other specialist BMW tuners and speed shops. The book includes more than 200 photographs. |
1950s - Wikipedia
The 1950s (pronounced nineteen-fifties; commonly abbreviated as the "Fifties" or the "' 50s") (among other variants) was a decade that began on January 1, 1950, and ended on …
The 1950s - American Culture & Society - HISTORY
Jun 17, 2010 · The 1950s was a decade marked by the post-World War II boom, the dawn of the Cold War and the civil rights movement in the United States.
A Brief Timeline of the 1950s - ThoughtCo
In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, marking the start of the space race and space age. The 1950s were the first full decade after the end of World War II and is remembered as a …
50 Amazing Things That Happened In The 50s - Good Housekeeping
Nov 16, 2020 · From the world stage to our American backyards, here are just a few of the amazing, and in some cases ground-breaking events that had people buzzing throughout this …
1950s: The Way We Lived - Encyclopedia.com
1950s: The Way We Lived. The 1950s are sometimes thought of as America's bland decade, a decade when family life was stable and America's cities were safe. The economy was …
1950s Timeline: Key Events that Shaped the Decade of Change
The 1950s was a decade of incredible change and progress. From the dawn of the Space Race to the fight for civil rights, each year brought challenges and triumphs that shaped the future of …
American History 1950s
These are some of the important events in American history during the decade starting 1950. The Cold War and the spread of Communism in Eastern Europe, China, and Korea in the late …
17 Significant Historical Events That Took Place In The 50s
Feb 14, 2025 · The 1950s was a transformative decade marked by significant historical events that shaped the world. From wars and revolutions to social movements and scientific …
1950s | Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History
"The 1950s" published on by Oxford University Press. The 1950s have typically been seen as a complacent, conservative time between the end of World War II and the radical 1960s, when …
Life in 1950s America, By the Numbers — History Facts
Elvis was on the radio, The Ed Sullivan Show was on the TV, and scores of people were hightailing it to the suburbs — this was 1950s America. It was a young nation, with 31% of its …
1950s - Wikipedia
The 1950s (pronounced nineteen-fifties; commonly abbreviated as the "Fifties" or the "' 50s") (among other variants) was a decade that began on January 1, 1950, and ended on …
The 1950s - American Culture & Society - HISTORY
Jun 17, 2010 · The 1950s was a decade marked by the post-World War II boom, the dawn of the Cold War and the civil rights movement in the United States.
A Brief Timeline of the 1950s - ThoughtCo
In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, marking the start of the space race and space age. The 1950s were the first full decade after the end of World War II and is remembered as a …
50 Amazing Things That Happened In The 50s - Good Housekeeping
Nov 16, 2020 · From the world stage to our American backyards, here are just a few of the amazing, and in some cases ground-breaking events that had people buzzing throughout this …
1950s: The Way We Lived - Encyclopedia.com
1950s: The Way We Lived. The 1950s are sometimes thought of as America's bland decade, a decade when family life was stable and America's cities were safe. The economy was …
1950s Timeline: Key Events that Shaped the Decade of Change
The 1950s was a decade of incredible change and progress. From the dawn of the Space Race to the fight for civil rights, each year brought challenges and triumphs that shaped the future of …
American History 1950s
These are some of the important events in American history during the decade starting 1950. The Cold War and the spread of Communism in Eastern Europe, China, and Korea in the late …
17 Significant Historical Events That Took Place In The 50s
Feb 14, 2025 · The 1950s was a transformative decade marked by significant historical events that shaped the world. From wars and revolutions to social movements and scientific …
1950s | Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History
"The 1950s" published on by Oxford University Press. The 1950s have typically been seen as a complacent, conservative time between the end of World War II and the radical 1960s, when …
Life in 1950s America, By the Numbers — History Facts
Elvis was on the radio, The Ed Sullivan Show was on the TV, and scores of people were hightailing it to the suburbs — this was 1950s America. It was a young nation, with 31% of its …
